世纪犯罪（2021）

向井喷一样
in our community.
这一切都在
And so, all of those things
告诉我们
led us to believe that
是时候认真对待
we needed to take a look
这个问题了
at this issue.
2001，John Brownlee时任
In 2001, John Brownlee was
西弗吉尼亚州的联邦检察官一职
the U.S. attorney in western Virginia.
手底下有一只不大的调查团队
With a small team of investigators,
Brownlee着手调查阿巴拉契亚地区的
Brownlee began to look into claims of OxyContin abuse
奥施康定滥用问题
in Appalachia
以及普度制药和萨克乐家族
and if Purdue and the Sackler family
对该情况的了解程度
knew what was happening.
他们花了好几年的时间整理从普渡拿到的资料
They spent years gathering documents from Purdue,
不断地送人到陪审团前审判
bringing people before grand juries,
真的是尽心尽力事无巨细的一次调查
really doing a very extensive investigation.
他们就是闷着头继续
It just kept going and going and going.
一旦你手里有这么多的记录
Once you had these millions of records,
这些调查员和律师
these investigators and lawyers
就会拼凑出案子来
pieced together a case.
当你拼凑出来个大概
And then, when you put it all together,
那就等同于确实存在犯罪
it equals a crime.
我们普渡药业对
We Purdue are very distressed
奥施康定
that OxyContin,
这本应该帮助大众摆脱痛苦
which as you've heard is providing so much relief
但却被滥用的
to so many people,
情况感到难过
is being abused as well,
我们对滥用这种药物
and we deeply regret the tragic consequences
所造成的悲惨后果深感遗憾
the have resulted from the misuse of this medicine.
就在Brownlee刚开始调查的时候
Just as Brownlee was beginning his investigation,
普渡的首席医疗官接受了
Purdue's chief medical officer was testifying
国会的质询
before Congress.
质询的原因是因为一篇
He was responding to an outcry
刊登在《波士顿环球报》的
over an article in "The Boston Globe"
关于缅因州普遍滥用奥施康定的文章引发了动荡
about widespread OxyContin abuse in Maine.
大家都对发生的事儿感到震惊
Everybody was taken by surprise, what happened.
1996年奥施康定上市
We launched OxyContin in 1996,
在销♥售♥的头四年里
and for the first four years on the market,
我们没有听到任何问题的上报
we did not hear of any particular problem.
直到2000年的二月
In February of 2000,
那是我们第一次
was the first time we became aware
知道现在可能存在问题
that something different was going on.
2000年的二月
In February of 2000,
我们收到了
we got a copy of a letter
一封由缅因州律师Jay McCloskey
that then-U.S. Attorney Jay McCloskey of Maine
发给缅因州的医生的信件副本
sent to physicians in Maine,
称在某些特定地区
warning them of problems of OxyContin
存在着奥施康定滥用的现象
that were occurring in certain communities.
从哪个时候起
And since that time,
说实话我为我是
I am proud of our response.
普渡药业的一员而骄傲
As an executive of this company,
我为这家企业而骄傲
I am very proud to be working for this company.
因为没有任何一家企业
Nobody has taken the kind of initiative
会对本就不是自己的问题而如此的上心和负责
for a problem that is not just an OxyContin problem.
这个问题的本质是药物的滥用
This is a problem of drug abuse.
是对处方药的滥用
This is a problem of prescription drug abuse,
而奥施康定
and OxyContin is now clearly,
只是不小心处在了问题的中心
squarely in the midst of that problem.
我们一直提倡的都是适当的疼痛治疗
We've been advocates of proper pain management.
这就是Goldenheim的证词
That testimony by Goldenheim,
他厚着脸皮在哪说
his sense of shock and effrontery
什么直到2000年初
you know, at the idea that it was only in early 2000
普渡才知道
when the company discovered
他们的产品被滥用
that the product was being abused
什么马上就采取行动
and they immediately sprung into action
认真对待这个问题
and took it seriously,
然后你再拿他自己的邮件来对比
and then to contrast that with his own emails--
好几年的邮件
years of his own emails--
你就会发现
in which it becomes clear
这瘪犊子撒谎
that that's all lies.
他啥都知道，普渡也啥都知道
He knew. The company knew.
他们了解奥施康定被拿来滥用
They knew that OxyContin was being abused.
讨论过，调查过
They discussed it. They looked into it.
他们把这个当成个麻烦
They saw it as a problem.
你甚至能看到Goldenheim白纸黑字得写
Literally there's a moment where Goldenheim says
他希望以后不要在邮件里使用
he wants to remove any discussions about addiction
上瘾这个说法
from email
因为这个词“太敏感”
because it's too sensitive.
很明显Goldenheim在面对国会宣誓的
It's clear Goldenheim lied under oath
情况下撒谎了
in testimony to Congress.
对联邦检察官来说一切也都一清二楚了
It was also clear to federal prosecutors.
他们通过证人和公♥司♥内部的邮件
They were discovering, through witnesses
发现了新的证据
and the company's own emails,
从1996年起
that starting in 1996,
所有的普渡高层和萨克乐家族
all the top Purdue executives and the Sacklers
就已经知道他们的延时缓释阿片类药物
knew that their time-release opioids,
美施康定和奥施康定
MS Contin and OxyContin,
正在被轻而易举的滥用
were easily and widely abused.
普渡甚至自己进行了毒品吸食研究
The company conducted its own spoon and shoot study,
研究表明毒狗会通过将药片碾碎的方法
which revealed that addicts could crush the pills,
注水
add water,
最后用针管打入体内
and then shoot the drugs with a needle.
在1988年
In 1998,
萨克勒董事会的关键成员和普渡药业的高管
key Sackler board members and Purdue executives
详尽的了解了他们产品流入
were well-informed about the street traffic
街头的情况
for their drugs.
30毫克剂量的美施康定一片儿卖♥♥40美元
30-milligram MS Contin pills were selling for $40 a pop.
这玩意儿被叫做含笑半步癫
They were known as purple peelers
因为那些想上头的人
because users looking for a heroin high
会把这玩意儿的药衣刮掉
would just peel off the time-release coating.
奥施康定的情况也一样
The same went for OxyContin.
当你还在普渡工作的时候
While you were still at Purdue,
你还记得你是否听到过
do you recall hearing any information
关于西弗吉尼亚州奥施康定泛滥的情况？
about OxyContin being abused in West Virginia?
听到过
Sure.
你还记得第一次听到的确切时间吗？
And when was the earliest you recalled hearing about it?
就在上市的几年后吧
Maybe a couple years after its launch.
有可能是1988年么？
Would that be 1988?
97年-好的
'97.- All right.
你都听到什么了？
And what did you hear?
在阿巴拉契亚那儿奥施康定被叫做
That it was called hillbilly heroin
十日散
in Appalachia.
你还记得这个信息的
What was the source of that information,
来源么？
if you recall?
就是公♥司♥里的八卦
Just gossip throughout the company.
药代们经常性的会提醒普渡
Sales reps routinely warned Purdue
关于药物被滥用的情况
about abuse of the drug,
但是普渡根本就无所谓
but the company didn't urge caution.
相反普渡还鼓励
Instead, Purdue encouraged reps
药代们向医生推销更高剂量的药物
to push higher and higher doses to doctors.
这让一名普渡的工作人员感到震惊
That alarmed one Purdue official,
也就是这位员工给公♥司♥的首席法律官
who sent a note about a new 160-milligram pill
写了一封关于160毫克剂量药物的邮件
to the company's chief legal officer.
80毫克剂量的药都被拿来嘬了
They're killing themselves with the 80s.
为啥还要出160的？
Why would we come out with a 160?
实际上有一些
There are actually instances of reps
药代已经知道了
being aware that there are patients
有些病人的被开了惊人的
who are being prescribed just
闻所未闻
unheard of, superhuman,
“大象都不敢这么吃”的奥施康定
"enough to kill an elephant" quantities of OxyContin
而且好像无所谓
and apparently being all right with that.