鸟瞰欧洲（2019）

you need to know what you're doing.
你得知道如何维护它 让它变美
You need to know how to preserve the plant and make it beautiful.
从高空中可以看到 玛丽·安托瓦内特宅邸的一部分
NARRATOR: From above, we can see one part of Marie Antoinette's grounds
显得不那么正式 有点格格不入
that looks less formal and a little out of place.
这个宫殿的区域被称为女王的村庄
This area of the palace is known as the Queen's Hamlet
可以追溯到18世纪80年代
and dates back to the 1780s.
设计风格仿若 诺曼底古色古香的小村庄
It's designed in the style of a quaint village in Normandy.
玛丽·安托瓦内特在 这里以自己的方式
Here, Marie Antoinette sought her own form of escapism
来逃避法国皇室生活的压力
from the pressures of French royal life.
传说她甚至在和朋友 开派对的时候 打扮成挤奶女工
Legend has it that she even dressed as a milkmaid
during parties with her friends.
如今这些凡尔赛宫奢华的建筑和花♥园♥
Today, the opulent buildings and gardens here
已经成为了法国国宝
at the Palace of Versailles are national treasures.
然而在230年前
But 230 years ago,
这奢华的财富炫耀惹怒了穷困的民众
this extravagant display of wealth
angered the impoverished masses
并导致了一场血腥的革命 终结了法国的君主制
and helped fuel a bloody revolution that ended the monarchy in France.
法国的血液里流淌着历史
History runs through the veins of France.
像维泽雷山谷这样的史前遗迹
From prehistoric sites like the Vézère valley
许多欧洲人类生存的最古老证据 就是在这里被发现的
where some of the oldest evidence for humans in Europe
has been found,
以及诺曼底登陆的海滩
to the D-Day landing beaches of Normandy
欧洲解放开始的地方
where the liberation of Europe began,
也标志着二战临近尾声
heralding the end of World War II,
这片土地遍地是战场伤痕
the land is covered in battle scars.
法国东北部的大地
The beaten earth of north-eastern France
是数百万人在一战最血腥的战役中
reveals where millions of men were killed or wounded
战死或受伤的地方
in the bloodiest battles of the First World War.
坟墓散落在广阔的田野中
Graves sprawl across acres of fields
纪念在战事中牺牲的人
to remember those lost in the line of duty.
但有一道伤疤与众不同
But there's one scar that's like no other.
因为它标示了一场最奇怪的战斗
That's because it marks the site
of one of the strangest battles ever fought.
从1916年2月到12月
From February to December 1916,
德国和法国在一战 最长和最血腥的战役中对峙
Germany and France were locked in one of the longest
and bloodiest battles of the Great War in Verdun.
凡尔登战役
法国 德意志帝国
一个关键的战略要地
A key strategic prize for both sides
是位于山顶的高地村庄沃奎瓦
was the high hilltop village of Vauquois.
但是从空中下去
But a closer look from the air today
只显示出沃奎瓦 曾经所在的森林位置空隙
reveals nothing but a gap in the forest where Vauquois once stood.
这里发生了什么 让整个村子都消失了
What happened here to make an entire village disappear?
我们独特的空中视角揭示了线索
Our unique aerial perspective reveals a clue.
一系列巨坑覆盖了这片土地
A series of giant craters cover the landscape
村子曾经的所在地
where the village once stood.
其中最大的有80米宽 20米深
The largest is 80 meters wide and 20 meters deep;
足以放下白宫
big enough to swallow the White House.
但这些巨坑 并非是由于砸落的炮弹形成的
But these craters were not formed by bombs dropping from above.
沃奎瓦被一种独特的战争形式摧毁
Vauquois was destroyed by a unique form of warfare
地下深处地道内部的爆♥炸♥
that raged inside tunnels deep underground.
对于沃奎瓦的士兵来说
SERGE THIERION: For the soldiers here in Vauquois,
那是著名的地雷战
it was the famous mine warfare
目标是从下方炸毁敌军据点
where the aim was to explode enemy positions from below.
当地的保护员塞尔吉·迪利翁
NARRATOR: Local conservator, Serge Thierion,
照料这片区域
tends to the site
为了确保这场非凡的 地下战斗留下的伤疤
to make sure that the scars from this extraordinary subterranean battle
不会被遗忘
are never forgotten.
对沃奎瓦的情感和热爱
THIERION: The attachment,
the passion for Vauquois,
始于这里令人惊叹的地理位置
starts simply with amazement at the site's geography.
要了解这里 发生了什么最好的办法是
NARRATOR: The best way to understand what went on here
从巨坑的上空进行观察
is from high above the craters.
1914年 德国♥军♥队在山的南边扎营
In 1914, the German forces were encamped on the south side of the hill,
而法军在北边
and the French on the north side.
德军 法军
三年的时间里 双方挖了大约17公里的地道
Over three years, the two sides dug more than 17 km of tunnels
并在一场特别的战斗中 引爆了590颗地雷
and detonated 590 separate mines
in an extraordinary underground battle.
所以情况就是 双方士兵从各自战壕中
THIERION: So the principle is that from their trenches,
挖一条通往对方的隧♥道♥
the soldiers would dig a well to reach underneath the opposing side.
然后装满炸♥药♥并引爆
They would then fill it with explosives and detonate them
以击溃他们的对手
to destabilize their adversaries.
村庄被地面下进行的战争完全毁坏了
NARRATOR: The village was completely swallowed up by the war
raging in the earth below its foundations,
留下世上绝无仅有的伤疤
leaving a scar like nowhere else on Earth.
维护这个战场是为了感谢
THIERION: Maintaining this battlefield is quite simply
100年前在这里战斗的军人
a thank-you to those who fought here 100 years ago.
维护它就是重视它
And to maintain it is to value it
不要忘记这段历史
and make sure it is not forgotten.
随着时间流逝
NARRATOR: As the year moves on,
急速下降的气温将明亮的白雪
plummeting temperatures paint the evergreen forests
覆盖到了绿色的森林上
with clean bright snow
冬天来了
as winter takes over.
冬天
法国幅员辽阔
The sheer size of France
全国各地的冬季景象大相径庭
leads to wildly different winter scenes across the nation.
在北部香槟区的葡萄园
In the north, the vineyards of the Champagne region
裹上了一层厚厚的雪
take a heavy coat of snow,
而南部海岸的蔚蓝海滩
while the azure beaches of the South Coast
则在享受凉爽的冬日阳光
bask in cool winter sun.
法国的最高点有着最冷的天气
The coldest weather is reserved for France's highest point.
冬季 阿尔卑斯山脉 覆盖着厚厚的一层雪
In winter, the whole alpine range is covered in a thick blanket of snow.
而最高峰就在法国境内
And the highest peak of all lies within the borders of France.
勃朗峰山脉 全长40公里 宽度达16公里
The Mont Blanc range is 40 km long and 16 km across.
它包含十大高峰
It contains ten major summits,
每座高度都超过4000米
each more than 4,000 meters in height.
最高的就是勃朗峰
Towering over them all is Mont Blanc itself.
4808米高，它是西欧的最高点
At 4,808 meters, it's the highest point in western Europe.
勃朗峰坐落在高低起伏的雪山之中
Mont Blanc sits inside a dynamic landscape of snowy peaks,
这里是多风的高原和结冰的陡坡
windy plateaus and icy slopes.
在高大的山脉中高耸而出
And squeezed into the spaces between the soaring summits,
这片山脉上还有 大♥陆♥上最大的一些冰川
the range is also home to some of the largest glaciers
on the continent.
冰河学家兼登山向导卢克·莫罗
Glaciologist and hiking guide, Luke Moro,
研究这里高山景观的构成和演化
studies the formation and evolution
of the alpine landscape here.
住在这里的最大好处 就是能够接触大自然
LUC MOREAU: Living here, the best part is to be in contact with nature,
接触冰川 待在冰川附近
to be in contact with the glacier and to live near the glacier.
构成勃朗峰的岩石诞生于海底
NARRATOR: The rock that forms Mont Blanc began life under the sea.
证据可以从海洋生物的化石中找到
Proof of this can be found in the fossils of sea creatures
它们如今依然 散落在阿尔卑斯山各处
that are still scattered across the Alps today.
大约3500万年前
Around 35 million years ago,
一场非同寻常的大♥陆♥板块碰撞
an extraordinary collision of continental plates
将这块区域推到空中
thrust this entire region skywards.
永恒的冰盖覆盖着峰顶
A permanent icecap covers the summit
在那里 气温会骤降至零下20摄氏度
where temperatures can plummet to minus 20 degrees Celsius.
这里是极地气候 所以非常冷
MOREAU: This is a polar climate, so it's very cold.
勃朗峰的颜色呈白色
And the Mont Blanc massif is white
是因为这里有许多冰川
because there is many glaciers
可能是阿尔卑斯山最辽阔的冰川山脉
and it is probably the most massive glaciated range in the Alps.
1786年 人类第一次成功地 登上了勃朗峰峰顶
NARRATOR: This world-famous peak
was first successfully climbed in 1786.
但今天 人类真正征服了勃朗峰
But today, humans have truly conquered Mont Blanc.
每年大约有500万人来到勃朗峰山区
徒步和登山
Around five million people
come to the Mont Blanc range every year for hiking, climbing,
或者单板和双板滑雪
skiing and snowboarding.
独特的空中视角 展示了了世界上最高的垂直升降缆车
Our unique aerial view reveals the world's highest vertical ascent cable car
毫不费力地爬上了顶峰
which effortlessly ascends the peaks.
工程奇迹 比如于1955年完工的南针峰
Engineering wonders like the Aiguille du Midi,
which was completed in 1955,
不可思议地平衡在陡峭的顶峰上
balance on impossibly steep peaks
让游客能360度俯瞰跨越 法国 瑞士和意大利的阿尔卑斯山
and offer visitors 360 degree views of the French, Swiss and Italian Alps.
当你登上顶峰时 你就是国王
MOREAU: So when you're on the summit,
你凌驾于群山之上
you are the king, you are above all the mountains.
你得到了自♥由♥ 得到了解放
You are in the freedom, you are in the liberty.
最终 如同其他所有的山一样
NARRATOR: Eventually, like all mountains,
恶劣的天气会侵蚀掉阿尔卑斯山
the weather will erode the Alps away.
但在未来几百万年内