大太平洋（2017）

to be captured in his artful trap.
建造完成后 尺寸是体长的二十多倍
As the design emerges, it's more than 20 times his size.
直径达到两米左右
To reach about 2m in diameter
需要一个多星期不懈的努力
will take more than a week of relentless work.
不能休息 因为潮汐的变动
He can't rest because the shifting tides
有可能模糊沙圈造型
threaten to blur the fine details...
把垃圾带到沙圈上
...and blow debris onto his canvas.
现在是最后的润色
And now the final touches.
窄额鲀式的鲜花与巧克力
The pufferfish version of flowers and chocolate,
沙美元和海贝壳
sand dollars and sea shells.
一只雌性发现了雄性鱼的杰作
A female finds the artist's gallery.
徘徊在沙圈中心表示赞同
She shows approval by hovering in the centre.
交♥配♥开始于在脸颊上轻轻地一咬
Mating starts with a rough peck on the cheek...
转眼间就结束了
...and ends in the blink of an eye.
只需要几秒钟
Seconds is all it takes.
雌鱼把卵子产下接着就走了
She deposits her eggs and she's gone...
再也不回来了
...never to return.
雄性鱼留下来照顾爱巢以及后代
The artist remains with his creation and his offspring.
无论如何都要保护好这些卵
The eggs must be protected at all costs.
扇动巢穴 用含氧的水来保鲜卵
He fans the nest to refresh the eggs with oxygenated water
水流慢慢侵蚀窄额鲀的杰作
as the current slowly erodes his masterpiece.
受精卵孵化后
When the eggs hatch,
又开始新的艺术创作和生活循环
he'll begin a new cycle of art and life.
花了十六年的时间才揭开了沙圈的神秘面纱
It took 16 years to uncover the mystery of the sand circles.
在古老的太平洋上 只不过一瞬间
A drop in the bucket of time in the ancient Pacific.
至少发生五次物种大灭绝
At least five mass extinctions
每一次都消灭了地球上七成五到九♥成♥五的生命
have each wiped out 75%-95% of life on Earth.
每一次 生命都会回到过去
Each time, life clawed its way back...
包括只在大太平洋发现的史前遗迹
...Including a prehistoric relic found only in the big Pacific.
后海湾 香港
海洋中一些最古老 最奇特的动物
Some of the ocean's oldest and strangest animals
如今正在挣扎着生存
are struggling to survive today.
鲎的历史可以追溯到四亿五千万年前
The horseshoe crab dates back 450 million years.
历史几乎是最古老恐龙的两倍
Almost twice as old as the oldest dinosaur,
几乎没有什么改变
it has barely changed.
拥有坚硬的外壳
With its hard carapace,
可能被误认为甲壳类动物
it could be mistaken for a crustacean.
实际上是螯肢动物亚门
But it's actually a chelicerate,
与蜘蛛和蝎子同属一个亚门
the family of spiders and scorpions.
鲎是海底的推土机
Horseshoe crabs are the bulldozers of the sea bottom,
犁地寻找可以吃的食物
ploughing in search of meals they can settle on
碾碎成浆
and grind to a pulp.
小鱼 双壳类 藻类
Small fish, bivalves, algae,
都是食物
it's all good.
就像鹦鹉螺一样
But like the nautilus,
也留下了一些谜团
they leave a few mysteries in their wake.
身体上布满了眼睛
Their bodies are studded with eyes.
在主视觉方面 有一双大复眼
For primary vision, they use a pair of large compound eyes
其中的感觉细胞比我们大一百倍
containing sensory cells 100 times larger than ours.
在外壳上有六只以上的眼睛
Up to six more eyes on top of their shell
可以感觉到可见光和紫外线
can sense visible and ultraviolet light.
壳下还有两只眼睛
Two more eyes under their shell.
总共有十只眼睛
Ten eyes in all.
再加上在尾巴的顶部
Plus dozens of light-sensitive photoreceptors
和两侧的几十个感光器
on the top and sides of their tails.
为什么底栖鱼需要这么多的视觉信息
Why does a bottom feeder need so much visual information?
科学家认为 对光的极度敏感
Scientists suggest their extreme sensitivity to light
有助于长途跋涉到海岸线
helps them trek their way to the shoreline
在那里交♥配♥后产卵
where they go to lay their eggs after mating.
以前 成群结队的鲎会涌向中国的海滩
Hordes of horseshoe crabs used to swarm this Chinese beach,
那种现象已经不复存在
but those days are over.
自2002年以来 这些动物的数量下降了九♥成♥
Since 2002, some populations have declined by 90%.
一种躲过了五波灭绝浪潮的生物
A creature that survived five waves of extinction
终于遇到了无法承受的力量
finally met a force it can't withstand...
工业化
...Industrialisation.
环境污染
Pollution,
过度捕捞和交♥配♥栖息地的破坏
overfishing, and destruction of mating habitats.
现在的谜团是 一项激进的实验能否挽救鲎
The mystery now is whether a radical experiment can save it.
这取决于在鲎最危险的时候给予保护
It hinges on protecting them when they're most at risk.
鲎生长缓慢
Horseshoe crabs grow so slowly
大约需要十二年才能成熟
they take about 12 years to mature.
随着鲎的成长 需要不断地蜕皮
As they grow, they repeatedly shed their shells.
每次面对捕食者 都束手无策
Each time, they're helpless against predators.
在最初的五年里 很弱小
For the first five years when they are small,
特别容易受到伤害
they are particularly vulnerable.
在实验室里 鲎寻找食物无需消耗
In the lab, crabs don't burn energy looking for food.
条件理想 增长速度加快
The conditions are ideal so the growth rate is sped up.
在一年内 这些年轻的鲎
In one year, these juveniles can achieve
可以实现五年的成长
five years of growth.
通往安全的捷径
A short cut to safety.
科学家与小学生们合作
Scientists team up with schoolkids
释放幼鲎
to release the juveniles...
培育下一代鲎
...fostering the next generation of crabs
和环保主义者
and conservationists.
幼鲎会在浅水区生活近十年
Juveniles remain in the shallows for almost a decade
成年后才会进入深水区
before heading to deeper water as adults.
这个项目只有几年的历史 所以谜团依然存在
The program is only a few years old, so the mystery lingers-
中国能否从现代拯救一种古代遗迹
can China save an ancient relic from modern times?
同样的水域也是
These same waters are home
另一种不寻常麻烦不断的生物的家园
to another unusual, yet troubled creature.
中华白海豚
White humpback dolphins
分布于太平洋和印度洋
found in the Pacific and Indian Oceans
从中国到澳大利亚再到非洲
from China to Australia to Africa.
不像白鲸那样的白化特征
They're not albinos like some white whales.
生来就是深灰色
They're born dark grey...
慢慢变白 直到变成雪白
...but slowly lighten until they become snowy white.
有时 有些甚至呈现粉红色
At times, some even appear pink.
科学家认为这是一种热反应
But scientists believe that's a heat response,
就像人类在热的时候脸会红
the way humans flush when hot.
这个物种从暗变亮时
While this species changes from dark to light,
一些近亲会从亮变暗
some of its cousins change from light to dark.
每一个转变都像另一个一样神秘
Each transformation as mysterious as the other.
以前的中国渔民 认为白海豚是厄运
To Chinese fishermen, the white dolphins once meant bad luck.
成千上万的白海豚 跟他们抢鱼获
Teeming in the thousands, they vied for their catch.
现在只剩下两千五百只 而且还在下降
Now the population has plunged to 2,500 and falling.
中国给予了白海豚
China has given the dolphins
最高级别的保护
their highest level of protection.
但这可能还不够
But it may not be enough.
如今 游客们乘船游览 希望能一睹白海豚的踪迹
Today, tourists take cruises hoping to spy a white dolphin.
但能见到的机会正在减少
But their chances of success are dwindling.
白海豚现在非常稀少
The dolphins are now so rare
以至于在海浪上瞥见白色的头
that glimpsing a white head above the waves
是个好兆头 即使渔民也是如此
has become a good omen, even for fishermen.
哪里有海豚 哪里就有鱼
Where there's dolphin, there's fish.
西太平洋还有另一种
The western Pacific harbours another creature
具有神秘色彩的生物
with its own mysterious colour.
富山湾 日本
在这个春天的满月之下
Beneath this spring full moon...
渔民们在富山湾外的
...fishermen await a vast migration
海峡里等着大规模的迁徙
in the channels beyond Toyama Bay.
这是他们世世代代依赖的特殊事件
A special event they have relied upon for generations,
使之成为他们坚持文化传统的一部分
making it an honoured part of their cultural traditions.
在海底深处 有十亿只萤火鱿在跳动
Pulsing from the depths, up to a billion firefly squid,
每只都不超过一指长
each no longer than your finger.
像星星一样发光
They glow like the stars.
萤火鱿拥有一种地球上
The firefly squid boasts a type of luminescence
独一无二的发光特性
like no other on the planet.
在每个明亮的蓝色圆点的中心
At the heart of each bright blue dot
是蛋白质晶体
is a crystal of protein...
像海洋蓝宝石一样放射着光芒
...radiating like an ocean sapphire.
也许萤火鱿发出远光灯是为了恐吓捕食者
Perhaps the squid hits the high beams to intimidate a predator
或与其他萤火鱿交流