喷火

It wasn't just Britain making strides in aviation.
在德国 一个新的日益灾难性的政♥治♥力量
In Germany, a new and increasingly sinister political force
在使用飞机去扩散它的影响力
was using aircraft to spread its influence.
这些新发展变成了纳粹野心的一个有力象征
These new developments became a powerful symbol of Nazi ambition.
到了1933[纳粹德国建立]现状不容忽视
By 1933, this could no longer be ignored.
数月中 我们的部分人一直在试着说服政♥府♥
For months, some of us have been trying to impress on the government
形势日益险峻
that the danger is growing.
但这是一个民♥主♥的国度
But this is a democratic country.
政♥府♥政策取决于群众的意志
The policy of the government is the will of the people.
或者它本应如此
Or it's supposed to be.
而每个理智思考的人都热切的渴望和平
And the passionate desire of every sane, thinking person is for peace.
那么米切尔 你有什么建议呢
Well, Mitchell, what do you propose?
我想造一架战机
I want to build a fighter.
世界上最快最致命的战斗机
The fastest and deadliest fighting aeroplane in the world.
它时速能达到600公里 在6秒内启动
It's got to do 400 mph, turn on in six seconds,
在几分钟内爬升到三千米高空
climb 10,000 feet in a few minutes,
能以时速800公里俯冲
dive at 500 without the wings coming off,
携带八挺机炮
carry eight machine guns.
英格兰罕布♥什♥尔 法恩波勒机场
就飞机的设计而言
As far as aeroplane design goes,
每人都在寻求那些微小的改进
everybody's looking for those few percent improvements.
性能上的微小优势
That slight edge in performance.
空气动力学 发动机 结构 这类东西
Aerodynamics, engines, structures, this type of thing.
这是法恩波勒的老款7.3米风洞
This is the old 24-foot wind tunnel at Farnborough.
主要用来测试全尺寸飞机
It was used basically to wind-tunnel test full-scale aeroplanes.
多个国家 尤其是德国
Various countries, particularly Germany,
约翰·阿克罗德博士
都是以战争为前提
were heading towards a war situation,
当时在发展快速轰炸机
were developing fast bombers.
所以战斗机也要变得更快
So fighters had to become faster as well.
我们严重落后
We were terribly behind.
德国人干的和我们在法恩伯勒干的
But there was this constant cross-fertilisation
这种持续的互相针对一直存在
between what the Germans were doing and what we were doing here at Farnborough.
这也是喷火机翼故事的关键所在
And this is the key to the whole story of the Spitfire's wing.
比佛利·申斯通是一个年轻的加拿大人
Beverley Shenstone was a young Canadian
航♥空♥工程学研究生
aeronautical engineering graduate
来到了英国
who came over to Britain
然后立刻为自己在德国找到了工作
and then immediately got himself a job with Junkers in Germany
去尝试查明德国人在这领域在的进度
to try and find out what the Germans were doing in this area.
我想一直有说法暗示他也许是名间谍
I think it has been suggested that he might have been a spy,
但我不了解这方面的情况
but I don't know about that side of things.
他见到了空气动力学的大♥师♥路德維格·普兰特
He met one of the great names in aerodynamics, Ludwig Prandtl.
在1918年 普兰特出版了
And it turned out that in 1918, Prandtl had published
关于他们在一战期间的工作的描述
the description of all their work during the First World War,
包括机翼定型为椭圆形的计划
including a wing plan form shaped as an ellipse.
但他不是简单画了一个椭圆
But he didn't just draw a simple ellipse,
他各画了两个椭圆的一半
he drew two halves of two ellipses.
这里一个平缓的椭圆 那里一个更深的椭圆
A bluntish ellipse here, and a much deeper ellipse there.
我必须说 不仅是 像 类似
And that, I have to say, is not only like, similar to,
它几何上是完全相同的
it's damn well geometrically identical
和在喷火上所呈现的
to what emerged on the Spitfire.
我认为申斯通记住那个点子并且带回来了
And I think Shenstone picked up that idea and brought it back
当他回来为超级陆战队工作时
when he came to work for Supermarine
在1933年 这个建议到了米切尔那里
in 1933, and suggested it to Mitchell.
所以基本上 喷火有一个德国机翼
So, basically, the Spitfire had a German wing.
而且我怀疑很多人认为这件事难以启齿
And I suspect that a lot of people have been too embarrassed to say anything about it.
在英国的飞机工厂 我们的工人经过训练
In the aircraft factories of Britain, our workmen are trained
按世界最严苛标准制♥造♥飞机
to build to the most severe standards of accuracy in the world.
每个部分都被测试再测试
Every part has been tested and re-tested
直到人类的妙手再也无能为力
until human ingenuity can do no more.
在梅林发动机中有超过11000个部件
There are over 11,000 parts in a Merlin engine.
需要超过140个独♥立♥的机器操作工序
Over 140 separate machining operations are needed
去生产马林曲轴
to produce the Merlin crankshaft.
女人们证明了她们完全适应这个精确的工作
Women prove themselves to be particularly adept at this exacting work.
在每一站 局部装配或是部件 被装入到引擎
At each station, a sub-assembly, or component, is added to the engine.
在流水线的最后 完工的引擎接受检查员检查
At the end of the line, the completed engine is vetted by an inspector
来记录独♥立♥部件的数量
who notes the numbers of individual components
并为新引擎分配一个新号♥码
and assigns a new number to the whole engine.
从此以后 它有了一个身份
From now on, it has an identity.
在1936年3月5日
On March the 5th, 1936,
新战斗机的样机已准备好接受测试
the new fighter's prototype was ready for testing.
到今天仅有1人还在世
There is only one person alive today
他还记得喷火的首次测试飞行
who remembers the Spitfire's first test flight.
我当时四岁半
Well, I was four and a half.
我父亲在超级陆战队为RJ·米切尔工作
My father worked at Supermarine for RJ Mitchell.
所以我们是与飞机 喷火战机一起长大的
So we grew up with the aeroplanes and the Spitfire especially,
因为父亲一直伴随着喷火战机的诞生和成长
because Father was looking after the development of that.
有一天 他对母亲说
One day he said to Mother,
朱迪·蒙哥
你想看我们新飞行的首飞吗
"Do you want to come and see the first flight of our new aeroplane?"
然后我们上了车 一起去了伊斯特利
So we got in the back of the car and off we all went to Eastleigh.
飞行员进进出出的
The pilot came out and got in.
然后他就走了
And then off he went.
这是最新型的单座战机
This is the latest type of single-seater fighter,
正如你所看到的 这是架单翼飞机
and as you can see, a monoplane.
从设计和制♥造♥上来说
In design and construction
她和上一届施耐德奖杯得主没什么两样
she is not unlike the last Schneider Trophy winner.
我们所坐飞机正以大约285公里的时速飞行
We are flying along in our own plane at about 175.
所以 你可以从她追上我们的速度
So, what speed she is capable of
看出她能飞多快
you may judge from the pace at which she overtakes us.
很显然 她会成为
And she's going to be a great asset
皇家空军最厉害的战机
to the RAF, it's pretty obvious.
父亲很高兴看到它的完美起飞
Father was very pleased that it had taken off all right
飞行和返航
and flown and come back.
说了 很好 很不错 之类的话
"Oh, that was all right, that was good," or something.
这就是喷火战机的第一次飞行
And that was the first flight of the Spitfire.
仅仅在两天后的1936年3月7日
Just two days later, on March the 7th, 1936,
希德勒的军队到达了莱茵兰
Hitler's troops marched into the Rhineland.
这是欧洲未来不祥的征兆
It was an ominous moment for the future of Europe.
我们很清楚地知道这一切的到来
We knew perfectly well it was coming.
希德勒的崛起
The rise of Hitler and all this business
和所有关于占领莱茵河的事
about occupying the Rhine
让我们意识到战争即将开始
was the time that we realised that there was a war on the way.
肯·威尔金森
皇家空军19中队
战机飞行员
丘吉尔曾已经警告过我们
Churchill had been warning us, kept
托尼·皮科瑞
皇家空军501中队
战机飞行员
并且一直一直在警告我们
warning us and warning us all the time,
即将要发生的事
about what was going to happen.
但是在那个年纪 你并不会担忧未来
But at that age, you don't worry about the future.
我不认为我有任何特别的感觉
I don't think I had any specific feelings.
在18 19岁的那个年龄
The average 18-, 19-year-old
保罗·法恩斯
战机飞行员
皇家空军501中队
并不会对未来将要发生的事情感兴趣
is not terribly interested in what's happening in the future.
我肯定没有惦记着说"天啊 你知道吗"
I certainly don't remember thinking, "Oh, my goodness," you know.
"我们可能要打仗了"
"We've got a war possibly coming."
随着威胁与日俱增
With the threat growing by the day, and time running out,
英国需要喷火战机
Britain needed the Spitfire.
但是在1937年6月遇到了严重的挫折
But in June 1937 came a terrible setback.
我猜你已经知道一些麻烦事了
Well, I suppose you know something of the trouble
否则你也不会来找我
or you wouldn't have come to me.
是的 我关于它有一个想法
I had an idea of it, yes.
我担心你病得很重米切尔先生
I'm afraid you're a rather sick man, Mr Mitchell.
我对这个事也有想法了
I had an idea of that, too.
已经生病一段时间了
he'd been ill for some time.
我们当时还是孩子 并没有意识到这一点
We weren't aware of it, being children,
但是显然 父亲发现了
but obviously Father would've been.
因为如果父亲要和他
Because we used to go to his house at weekends
商讨一些事或者信息
if there was something,information that Father had that he had to discuss with him.
我们就会周末经常去他的房♥子
information that Father had that he had to discuss with him.
之后我们就不再去他那里了
And we just stopped doing that.
有一天 父亲穿了一整套黑色衣服出门