配乐大师：约翰·威廉姆斯（2024）

(詹姆斯·曼高德) (电影制♥作♥人)
这个在电影史和音乐圈中 称得上是最著名的片头曲
The most famous opening probably in movie history and music
是在向管弦乐团所发挥的强大力量致敬
is a tribute to the power of orchestra.
(《星球大战》)
没有人会料到这个主题曲
Nobody had any idea that it would be the kind of,
不只爆红,还形成一股现象
beyond a hit, it was a phenomenon.
而且影响力至今依旧还在
It's become-- It's still with us.
等到要制♥作♥原声带专辑时
When the time came to make the soundtrack album,
唱片公♥司♥说:“既然有这麽多音乐 那就做成双碟唱片吧”
the record company said, "We have so much music, let's have a double disc."
(《视与听》) (《星球大战》专辑售罄)
那张专辑相当收到大众欢迎
That recording was enormously popular with people,
有很多人♥大♥概从未买♥♥过原声带专辑
many of whom probably never bought a soundtrack album before
或是去听交响乐团的音乐会
or gone to a concert and heard music from a symphony orchestra before.
在当时你无法随时随地重温电影
Back in the day, you couldn't rewatch a movie whenever you wanted.
所以我记得我小时候
So, I remember as a kid,
我会放原声带来听,然后注视著专辑封面
I would put on the soundtracks and stare at the album cover
一边听配乐,一边在脑海中播放电影
and just listen to the scores and play the movie in my head.
(《大地震》) (《勇闯雷霆峰》,《愤怒》)
(《吸血鬼》,《法柜奇兵》)
《星球大战》是一张双碟专辑
我会听著音乐,然后注视著 有《星球大战》标志的专辑封面
I would listen to the album and just stare at the logo of the Star Wars album cover.
你会感受到一股非常强大 气势滂沱的感觉
The feeling was that it was so important, so epic in scope and scale
可以引领你到不同的境界
that it transports you to a different place.
(海伦瓦格林) (维吉尼亚交响乐团法国号♥乐手)
我想不到任何电影音乐 能媲美《星球大战》
(大卫纽曼) (电影作曲家兼指挥)
I can't really think of anything in film music that's been like Star Wars.
整个主题动机以及他的运用方式 著实不可思议
Talk about leitmotifs and the way he uses them.
主题动机基本上就是主题
Leitmotifs just means, basically, themes.
(《尤达的主题曲》) (《星际大战五部曲:帝国大反击》)
在《星球大战》的世界裡 约翰就已经写出80或90首主题曲
In Star Wars universe, just John composed, like, 80 or 90 themes or something.
我喜欢我们称为《原力》的那段配乐
I like the one that we call "The Force".
当那段音乐动机重现时 就会让人想起40年前的自己
When the motifs come back, they remind you of who you were 40 years before,
而不只是让人想起前作电影的角色身分
not just who the characters were in the previous movies.
所以他的配乐以最美妙的方式深入人心
So it really gets under the skin in the most amazing way.
这一切之所以能成功是因为 他发现到这麽令人难忘的主题组曲来创作
And it all works because he found such a memorable group of themes to work with.
每隔一段时间就会来一段配乐,我会说
Every once in a while there'd be a cue and I'd say,
“这不是我想像中的音乐”
"Well, that's not what I had in mind here."
(未使用的配乐《双联落日》)
我说:“我比较想要这种风格”
I said, "I really want it to be more like this."
他就会说:“好
And he would say, "Okay.
今晚我来写这段配乐,明天再带来给你”
I'm gonna write this tonight and I'll come back tomorrow with it."
我的身边有几个作曲家只会说
I've been with a few composers who just simply said,
“那不是我要的”
"Well, that's not what I want."
他们坚持要照自己的想法走
They sort of insist it be their way.
然后就会起衝突
And then you would bump heads.
我从未跟强尼起过衝突
I never bumped heads with Johnny.
他始终是个大好人
He was a prince the whole time.
(最后的配乐《双联落日》)
我真心相信配乐是让电影成功的最大功臣
I truly believe that the soundtrack is half of the movie.
少了强尼威廉斯音乐的《星球大战》 就不是《星球大战》了
人们会来我的办公室说
People would come into my office and say,
“你知道在街区附近 有一堆人在看《星球大战》吗?”
"Did you know that there are crowds around the block seeing Star Wars?"
我说:“那很好啊,很高兴知道这件事”
I said, "That's wonderful. I'm glad to hear it."
我完全没经历过那种事
I didn't experience that at all.
只是一心一意地专注在眼前的工作上
I was so completely occupied with what was in front of me.
《星球大战》的配乐工作一结束
The minute we finished Star Wars,
我就开始制♥作♥《第三类接触》的配乐
I started working on Close Encounters of the Third Kind.
(《第三类接触》录音现场)
(史匹柏的自♥拍♥影片)
好,还不错,乐团保持七拍重拍音
Okay. That's just fine. Orchestra downbeat of seven tenuto.
第六拍会是...
Six will be...
你在《大白鲨》用了两个音符
You got two notes for Jaws.
但后来在《第三类接触》你用了五个音符
But then you got five notes for Close Encounters.
我们那时候进步了,我们...
Well, we were making progress. We were--
等到做《法柜奇兵》时 就有大概一百个音符
So by the time we did Raiders, there were like a hundred notes.
一点都没错
Yes, that's right.
其实《第三类接触》是一部歌♥剧 一部很优美的歌♥剧
Actually, Close Encounters was an opera. It was a beautiful opera.
我第一次把配乐演奏给你听时,我心想
What I was thinking when I played, first played it for you, I thought,
“我们的关係应该就到此为止了”
"This is the end of our relationship."
真糟糕
Oh, no!
(1977年《第三类接触》)
(史蒂芬·斯皮尔伯格执导)
《第三类接触》的配乐包罗万象
它就是20世纪音乐的完整写照 包括非常前卫、很不协调的音乐...
The whole spectrum of 20th century music from very avant-garde, very dissonant...
还有非常极端的音效...
and very extreme sounds.
一、二、三...
One, two, three...
(与合唱团的即兴演奏)
(《第三类接触》)
以及最基本的五个音符经典主题曲
To the most basic, memorable five note theme,
至今依然流传千古
uh, that is heard over and over again.
这是...你应该会对这个感兴趣
Oh, this is-- This could be interesting to you.
这每一组有五个音符,应该是这样
Each one of these is five notes, I believe.
这裡有一整组
Here's a whole group of them.
有些有做标记
Some marked.
这是我们所使用的一段配乐
This is the one we use.
就在这裡
Right here.
史蒂芬和我把它圈起来 然后全都试了一遍
And Steven and I just circled it, having gone through all these trial runs.
五个音符可以是...
I mean, five notes could be...
非常好
very nice.
怎麽弹都可以,但为什麽是这个?
Anything. But why this?
我认为这一段音乐带有某种灵性
There is, I think, something spiritual about that.
如果这段音乐是...
If this were...
就结束了,对吧?
it's finished, okay?
一段句子就打上句号♥了
It's a sentence, a period.
如果我这样弹...
If I do this...
这就像是一个连接句或连接词
That is like a conjunctive sentence or a phrase
用“而且”、“如果” 或“但是”来做结尾
that ends with and, if, or but.
所以就是“这是一部好电影,而且...”
So it's, "This is a nice movie and..."
那就是“而且”
That's the "and".
因为音符有两个
Because-- Because the note in music, there are two of them.
这是五度音,通常是“Sol, Do” 每个小孩都知道
This is the fifth of that always goes "sol, do", as every child knows.
另一个就是“Ti, Do”
And the other one is this one, "ti, do".
所以这两个就是能让...如果我中断在这裡
So those are the two things that make-- If I stop a phrase there.
就会让人有一个悬念,对吧?
You have to wait for that, don't you?
用五度音创造出一种期待感
It's creating an expectation with the fifth degree of the scale.
以那种语境来说就像“但是”
Which in that context is like "but".
“我爱罗宏,但是...”
"I love Laurent, but..."
就是这样
You know?
但他问我太多问题了
But he's asked me too many questions.
他一直在问我问题
He asked me endless questions.
约翰,你满意这个修改吗?
Are you happy it fixed, John?
希望如此,但第35小节听起来还是怪怪的
I hope so, but there's still something wrong with bar 35.
就是这个
There's that.
你不得不写出最困难的配乐是什麽?
What was the hardest thing you've ever had to write, you think?
应该是《第三类接触》的最后一段
Oh, I think the last section of Close Encounters.
所有的灯光都在画面上 该如何让配乐到位
All of the lights, and, you know, how to do that exactly.
Wow.
这是从索尼档案室裡挖出来的 《第三类接触》原始资料
So this is the original Close Encounters material out of the deep Sony archive.
快看这些资料
Look at some of this here.
天啊,看看这些... - 是啊
Oh, my God. Look at all... - Yeah.
天啊
Geez.
真是不得了
Oh, my goodness.
在做这部电影的配乐时 我记得某天我打给我爸
I remember calling my father one day when I started to work on that,
我说:“爸,我一个音符都想不出来
and I said to him, "Dad, I don't-- I haven't got a note in me.
该拿这部电影怎麽办?” 我才刚做完《星球大战》
I don't know what to do with this picture." I just had done Star Wars.
音符多到数不清
It was... million notes.
他说了一句任何好父亲都会说的话
And he just said as any good father would say,
“继续努力,你没问题的
"Well, just keep working on it, you'll be fine.
晚餐要吃什麽?” - 对
What are you doing for dinner?" - Right.
那绝对是一项大挑战
And it was certainly a great challenge.
对我来说,那增强了 我的管弦乐技能和指挥
It was a leap up orchestrally and conducting
以及各个方面
and every other way for me.
所以,这就是《第三类接触》
So, that is Close Encounters.
约翰在短短一年内
John, in one year,
创作出《星球大战》、《第三类接触》
turned out the scores to Star Wars, Close Encounters,
和电影《黑色星期天》的配乐
and a picture called Black Sunday.
每一部的配乐都极度複杂
Each of those scores is tremendously complicated
而且各有千秋
and brilliant in their own way.
配乐风格也迥然不同
And very different one from the other.
一个作曲家在短短一年内 就能做出这些配乐
It's really an extraordinary thing to think that one composer