配乐大师：约翰·威廉姆斯（2024）

That he is one of the few,
非常少数几个在使用 大型交响乐团的作曲家
one of the last composers who uses a big symphonic orchestra.
找真人来演奏,而不是使用可以模拟
And there is a huge difference, if you have humans play,
一群弦乐手的电子合成器,那就差很多
and not the synthesizer, which can make up for a group of string players.
而且他非常重视音乐家的职人精神
But just also acknowledging the craft of the musicians,
想让大家知道我们必须为后代保存下去
and the need of that craft to be preserved for generations to come.
我很骄傲的一件事是在我们的电影生涯中
The thing that I'm really proud of is we have not, in our career,
没有使用过电子音乐
gone to electronic music.
我们重视管絃乐团和每一位乐手
We value the orchestra, we value the individual players
以及强尼为他们写的音乐
and what Johnny's written for them.
他没有用到电子合成器
He hasn't brought in the synthesizer.
举例来说,《慕尼黑》 有几个场面要用到合成器
There's been a couple of occasions where a synth has been an adjunct
来辅助完整的管絃配乐
to a full orchestral score, like in Munich, for instance.
(2005年《慕尼黑》 史蒂芬·斯皮尔伯格执导)
我身边有很多电影工作者和同侪
So many filmmakers and so many contemporaries of mine
全都使用电子音乐
have gone all electronics.
但我很喜欢我们依旧忠于管弦乐团
But I love that, that we're staying true to orchestras.
像这种用电子设备编辑的音乐
The electronic compilation of things doesn't have a moment,
缺少发挥创意的时刻
a performance moment of creativity.
(录音)
但在管絃乐团裡,每一幕我们要录四次
But in an orchestra, we make four takes of every scene.
每一次都不同,每场演奏也不一样
Each one is different. Every performance is different.
那个独特的版本具有某种生命力或温度
And that particular take has some life or some blood in its veins.
他在强迫现代观众对抗管弦乐团
He is forcing the modern audience to contend with the orchestra.
因为他让这些乐器的演奏得更快
Because he is making those instrumentalists play faster,
更猛烈、更急、更充满变化
harder, quicker, more dynamically
胜过你之前所听过他的某些配乐
than you've ever heard before in some of his scores.
好,很好 - 好,就这样
Okay, good. - Good, yep.
下一首
Next one.
管弦乐团是他的真爱
And he has a true love of the orchestra,
而且是只要举起手说:“大家用重拍”
and a true love of-of that kind of nonverbal communication it is
然后获得一些回馈 一种不用言语来沟通的真爱
to raise your arms and to say, "Oh, everyone downbeat."
那是很令人振奋的事
And then to get something back. I mean, that is a thrilling thing.
当他指挥管弦乐团时,你可以清楚看到
You can really see the... You know, the smile creep over John's face
约翰慢慢露出笑容
when-when he conducts an orchestra.
各位,这首曲子不能太有礼貌
This piece, ladies and gentlemen... ...it can't be too polite.
它很粗俗
It is vulgar.
所以长号♥手请准备好
So, trombones will be ready for that.
我会给你世上最强的连续两次连击
I'll give you the biggest one-two ever in the world.
他周围的人都如此快乐,实在很特别
It's unique how happy people are... ...around him.
多麽欢乐的管弦乐团啊
How happy orchestras are, you know?
你看到约翰上台
You see John is coming onstage.
内心立刻就会涌现敬畏之情 因为我们对他的音乐有深刻的印象
There's immediate awe because we have such great memories of his music
我们就像是在糖果店的小孩
that we are like children in a candy store, you know?
(《星际大战第七部》) (《芮的主题曲》)
当《原力觉醒》一出来 约翰没有改变他的风格
When The Force Awakens came out, it's not like John changed his style.
他没有,他还是像1970年代一样 用同样的方式谱曲
He didn't. He-He wrote the same way he would have written in the '70s.
然后有...
And then you have...
(《蕾伊的主题曲》) (2015年《星球大战:原力觉醒》)
他从未失去真诚的好奇心
He's never lost the honest curiosity.
他莫名能触及这种令人难以置信 和引起共鸣的情感真♥相♥
He somehow is able to tap into this unbelievably resonant emotional truth,
然而他又有足够的自信展现出脆弱
but then he's confident enough to be vulnerable
然后他会问 “那样可以吗?你觉得如何?”
and then to ask, "Is that all right? What do you think?"
他是真的在询问你的意见
He's literally asking you, do you think this is okay?
这件事让我发笑,因为当约翰威廉斯 演奏他写的音乐给你听时
And it makes me laugh, because when John Williams plays you a piece of music
而他询问你的意见,答案只有一个
that he's written, and he asks you if it's okay, there is one answer.
观众依旧买♥♥单,那是很不可思议的事
Audiences are still there for it. That's the incredible thing.
所以你会想知道 为什麽我们听不到更多的主题配乐?
So it makes you wonder, like, why aren't we hearing more thematic scores?
为什麽我们听不到像约翰所做的 在大银幕上很有爆发力的音乐?
Why aren't we hearing scores that burst off the screen the way John's do?
观众显然很渴望听到
The audiences are clearly hungry for it.
为什麽没有更多这种音乐?
So why isn't there more of it?
现在音乐圈的处境艰难
It's a difficult time right now in music
因为在我的认知裡 管弦乐团是传递音乐的乐器
because, in my sensibility, the orchestra is an instrument to deliver music.
所以就我对音乐的瞭解 从伟大的文献角度来看
And so, music as I understand it, in terms of the great literature
我们过去所拥有的三百或四百年的音乐
that we've had in the last three or 400 years of music,
可以说是逐渐在凋零
you could almost say it's dying.
年轻作曲家们想从事 电子音乐和空间效果等的创作
Young composers, they want to work in electronics and spatial effects and so on.
祝福他们,他们的表现很出色
Bless them, they do fantastic work
我希望能再活50年来看看他们的成就
and I would love to be around another 50 years to see what they're doing.
但在电影院裡还会有 另一个布拉姆斯或华格纳吗?
But are we going to have another Brahms or another Wagner in the theater?
现在的局势,随著音乐艺术的发展
Right now, the way things are going, as we see the art of music developing,
正是提出疑问和思考的大好时候
it's a time for questions, a time for wondering.
约翰的另一面是他很棒的音乐会音乐
There's another side of John, which is his great concert music.
(贾维尔西赫南德兹) (《纽♥约♥时♥报♥》文化记者)
这不是你在电影院裡所听到的
This is not the kind of blockbuster Hollywood themes
那种轰动的好莱坞主题曲
that you would hear in the movie theaters.
这是更抽象、更优雅和更有探索性的音乐
These are more abstract, more refined, more searching music.
(2018年《海伍德幽灵》)
他的电影配乐充满凝聚力,相当简洁
His movie scores are so cohesive, so concise,
而他的音乐会音乐是... 我认为其实是更支离破碎
and his concert music is... To me, is actually more fragmented
跳脱时间和线性特质的
and separate from time, and a linear quality.
他的音乐会音乐大概是他巨大的发洩管道
His concert music, that's probably a huge outlet for him.
(2003年《声音》)
他能探索无调性和音乐结构
He can explore the atonal and the textural.
那的确展现出他的另一面
It's really revealing another side of him.
为电影创作配乐,让我受到侷限 我只能做范围内的事
Writing for films, I'm limited. I can only do what the subject will allow me to do.
我不能无拘无束地写出 八分钟的铜管乐...我很想,但不行
I can't go crazy for eight minutes with brass... I'd like to, but I can't.
(1965年《序曲和赋格》)
(1993年《给低音管和管弦乐团的 五棵圣树协奏曲》)
为了北好莱坞高中的学生管絃乐团
For our student orchestra at North Hollywood High School
就在加州
here in California,
我吹奏了低音管
I played the bassoon.
我的一位朋友 已故的哈洛德韩森试图教我
Friend of mine, Harold... Late Harold Hansen tried to teach me,
我已经熟练到能在乐团排练时吹奏一两次
and I got good enough where I could play in a band rehearsal or two,
第二低音管也会吹一点
second bassoon, a little bit.
但有谁能想到40年后,我会为纽约爱乐
But who would imagine, like, 40 years later, I would write a bassoon concerto
写出低音管协奏曲?
for the New York Philharmonic?
但那就是一种连结
But that was the connection, you know,
我试图吹奏低音管,跟乐器培养感情
my trying to play it and loving the instrument,
然后就有机会为一位 世上最伟大的乐手写曲
and then having an opportunity to write it for one of the world's greatest players,
就是茱蒂丝勒克莱儿
Judith Leclair.
安娜苏菲穆特从他那裡得到音乐
Anne-Sophie Mutter has gotten music from him.
(2021年《第二小提琴协奏曲》)
马友友演奏他的音乐
Yo-Yo has played his music.
(2000年 《三首大提琴独奏曲之二:捡拾》)
这些作品充满挑战性
These pieces, they're challenging.
他掌控乐器的能力
His command of their instrument
令人佩服不已
is overwhelming.
(2002年 《大提琴和管弦乐团的輓歌♥》)
《大提琴和管弦乐团的輓歌♥》
"The Elegy for Cello and Orchestra,"
我们在很多年前一起录音过
we recorded together many years ago.
每当我向其他大提琴手呈现这首曲子时
Every time I present it to another cellist,
我说:“你听过友友的版本吗?”
I say, "Have you heard Yo-Yo's recording?"
他们都会说有,然后发出讚叹声
And they all say, "Yes. Oh, my God."
彷彿他们难以达到这种大♥师♥级的程度
Like they couldn't possibly equal what the master has done with it.
所以别怪我
So don't blame me.
太棒了
That's wonderful.
(珍妮威廉斯) (约翰威廉斯的女儿)
他没在工作时,我反而会担心
I get worried when he's not working.
他一定要工作,他就是热爱工作的人
He must work. He's somebody that just loves it,
而且乐于工作
and does it and has such a good time.
现在我跟我父亲的关係
The most important thing
有一件最重要的事就是打高尔夫球
about my relationship with my father right now is golf.
高尔夫球运动哪一点最吸引你?
So what's your favorite thing about golf?
高尔夫球运动? - 对
The golf? - Yeah.
我最爱高尔夫球运动的一点是走路
- My favorite thing about golf is walking. - Ah.
要说是打高尔夫球就错了 我不是在打球,而是把球毁了
Play golf is really the wrong verb. I don't play it, I destroy it.
我永远都打不好
I never really played very well,
我通常都是在傍晚时过去 真正的高尔夫球手都打完了
and I usually go late in the afternoon when the real players have finished,
现场一片寂静 我就能欣赏球场上的真实美景
and it's quiet, and I could contemplate the real, true beauty of the place.
以这种方式跟自己的父亲 相处几个小时实在很美好
It's a beautiful way to spend a few hours together with your dad.
如果我能每週陪他几次,只要他愿意的话
If I can do that a couple times every week for as long as he wants to be around,
我就相当心满意足了
I'm a very, very happy camper.
高尔夫球真难打
Oh! It's a mean game.
他创作出许多美好的动人时刻
There are so many great moments, moments that he's composed,
让我们想起电影所带来的悸动
that remind us about how movies thrill us.
以及电影如何唤起我们内心的童真
And how movies reach to the child in us.