配乐大师：约翰·威廉姆斯（2024）

于是我就为他的音乐剧谱曲
so I orchestrated his musical's songs
并负责指挥学生管絃乐团
and conducted the student orchestra.
所以我是边做边学
So, I think I learned by doing.
透过练习
By practicing.
不得不说很多都是靠自学而成
And a lot of self-teaching, I have to say.
有数十年的时间我都在鑽研和声 对位与管弦乐编制法的书籍
My nose was in harmony, counterpoint orchestration books for decades.
我曾在空军服役四年
I had four years of service in the Air Force,
并被派驻到纽芬兰岛圣约翰市的
and I was stationed for a period in St. John's, Newfoundland
东北空军指挥部一段时间
in the Northeast Air Command Band.
在二战结束后
At the end of the Second World War,
加拿大政♥府♥邀请电影圈人士
the Canadian government invited people in the film business
来加拿大成立电影公♥司♥
to come and establish film companies in Canada.
所以德国的汉堡制片厂带了团队和设备
So Studio Hamburg from Germany brought their crew and their equipment
来到圣约翰市
to St. John's.
他们想拍加拿大沿海省分的
And they wanted to make a documentary film travelogue
旅行纪录片
of the Maritime Provinces of Canada.
于是就拍了这部小♥电♥影♥《别客气》
And they made this film, this little film, You Are Welcome,
这部电影没有配乐
and they had no music for it.
(《别客气》)
他们莫名找上我
And somehow they called me.
我从未做过电影配乐
I'd never scored a film.
他们问我:“你能为这部电影谱曲吗?”
And they said, "Do you think you can write music for this film?"
我说:“当然可以”
And I said, "Sure I can."
于是我去圣约翰市的图书馆 借了一本纽芬兰岛的民歌♥书
So, I went to the library in St. John's and got a book of Newfoundland folk songs.
想要从中取得一些灵感
And, well, I could make this little thing out of.
(美国大兵为纽芬兰岛写电影配乐)
所以事情的经过就是这样
And so that's the history of how it happened.
(空军用作曲开创电影音乐生涯)
不得不说身为一个20出头的小伙子
I cannot tell you that as a young man in my early twenties
原本我想做的是别的工作 一点都不想弹钢琴
I intended to do anything else professionally but play the piano.
事实上我到最后以创作音乐为生
The fact that I ended up composing music professionally,
特别是为电影做配乐
and particularly for film,
是因为一连串歪打正著的意外
was a series of fortuitous accidents.
我迷上了爵士乐
I was infatuated with jazz.
我很喜欢收音机上的爵士乐 并且会试著演奏
I loved the jazz that I would hear on the radio and wanted to try to play it,
我在年轻时做过这种事 甚至在初出茅庐时也是
which I did as a young adult and even as a young professional.
(1959年《强尼史塔卡托》 钢琴演奏,约翰威廉姆斯)
我永远不可能变得像是
I could never claim as a player
那些琴艺精湛的爵士乐手 譬如奥斯卡彼得森
to be a major league jazz player like Oscar Peterson
泰迪威尔森或是阿特塔图
or Teddy Wilson or Art Tatum.
但我的琴艺还行,可以这麽说
But I was... [stammers] ...fair, I guess you could say.
但我喜欢用钢琴谱曲
But I love writing it.
我年轻时,在读高中
When I was younger, I went through a phase in high school,
以及高中毕业之后的那几年 非常喜欢爵士乐
(乔治卢卡斯) (电影制♥作♥人)
and a few years afterwards, of being very much into jazz.
我知道他是一位爵士乐手,一位钢琴家
So I just knew him as a jazz musician, you know, as a pianist.
你听他在20多岁时写的作品
You listen to what he wrote in his 20s,
就是《律动》那张专辑
there's that album, Rhythm in Motion...
那是他和自己的爵士乐队创作的专辑
...that he put together when he had his jazz band.
实在是很美妙
And it's fantastic.
当今有许多更资深的作曲家 根本达不到那种境界
There are composers much, much older today who couldn't even touch it.
我们很容易就遗忘他原本是一位爵士乐手
It's easy to forget that he started out as a jazz guy.
如果你是因为1977年的《星球大战》 和《第三类接触》
You know, not what you might expect if you kind of come to him in 1977
而认识这位作曲家的话,或许就不会知道
as the composer of Star Wars and Close Encounters.
(1977年《星际大战四部曲:曙光乍现》 乔治卢卡斯执导)
但很难想像有人
But it's hard to imagine someone
能在对爵士乐一窍不通的情况下
writing a piece like the Cantina scene
写出外星人乐队桥段的音乐
while knowing absolutely nothing about jazz.
我听说有人尝试过,结果惨不忍♥睹...
I've heard really bad attempts at that kind of stuff
(布兰福德马萨利斯) (萨克斯风手兼作曲家)
...充其量也不过是陈腔滥调
and it comes across as a clichéd affectation at best.
但总是有听起来令人感到愉悦的音乐
But it was always like, "Yeah, this is... this is hip."
那让我想到《猫鼠游戏》
That brings me to Catch Me If You Can.
(2002年《猫鼠游戏》 史蒂芬·斯皮尔伯格执导)
我一听到时就认出是爵士乐
When I heard that, it was jazz.
这傢伙超神的,听起来真棒
I mean, this cat's killing it, man. It was just great.
我看完整部电影,然后写信到他的办公室
I sat through the movie and then I wrote his office an email
写著:“请威廉斯大♥师♥ 将这段音乐编成萨克斯风协奏曲”
and said, "Please implore Maestro Williams to turn this into a saxophone concerto."
过了几天后,我收到回信 上面写:“感谢您的来信
And a few days later, I got a message back saying, "Thank you for your interest.
目前正在编曲中
It's already in the works
再过六週就能完成”
and it'll be available within the next six weeks."
我欣喜若狂
So, I was very excited about that.
(《中音萨克斯风 和管弦乐团的恶作剧》)
(来自《猫鼠游戏》)
我向来不是影痴或电影迷,现在也一样
I was never a movie buff, or a movie fan, then as now.
我不会去看电影,非常少去
I don't go to the movies. Very, very rarely.
但我父亲在哥伦比亚影业、米高梅
But my father played in all of these studio orchestras
以及二十世纪福斯等的 片厂录音室管弦乐团演奏过
at Columbia and MGM, 20th Century Fox, and so on.
乐手能在制片厂找到工作这件事
So, the fact that musicians would find work in the studios
让我想要以制♥作♥电影音乐为生
meant I became interested in film music for a job.
我去哥伦比亚影业为莫里斯史托鲁夫演奏
I went to Columbia Pictures and played for Morris Stoloff,
他是制片厂的音乐总监
who was the music director of the studio.
他僱用我来当管弦乐团的钢琴家
And he hired me to play piano in the orchestra.
我弹了两年的琴,几乎每天都在工作
I played in that orchestra for two years working nearly every day.
后来我去二十世纪福斯影片
And later I went over to 20th Century Fox
在那裡和派拉蒙为艾佛瑞纽曼演奏过几次
and played for Alfred Newman on a number of occasions there and at Paramount.
为伯纳德赫尔曼 法兰兹威克斯曼和亨利曼西尼演奏
Played for Bernard Herrmann and Franz Waxman and Henry Mancini
在风格上比较像是爵士乐
in the more jazz, sort of, kind of vein.
他为《彼得冈恩》所写的那段招牌钢琴曲
That piano signature he does in Peter Gunn.
(1958年《彼得冈恩》)
(配乐,亨利曼西尼) (钢琴演奏,约翰威廉姆斯)
(艾维斯米歇尔) (《治疗》主持人)
这段他用心写出和认真弹奏的音乐
Where he's banging away and he's playing really hard.
应该算是放克爵士乐的基石
That, to me, is kind of the foundation of jazz funk.
(1960年《史塔兹朗尼根》 欧文勒纳执导)
(配乐,杰瑞戈史密斯) (钢琴演奏,约翰威廉姆斯)
我忙个不停
I got so busy.
每天都在某个片厂裡弹钢琴
I was playing everyday in a studio somewhere.
(1962年《梅冈城故事》 罗伯特马利根执导)
(配乐,埃尔默伯恩斯坦) (钢琴演奏,约翰威廉姆斯)
但在这些管弦乐团裡弹钢琴的过程中
But in the process of playing piano in these orchestras,
有些老同事偶尔会跟我说
some of these older colleagues would occasionally say to me,
“你能为下週编排一些音乐吗?”
"Can you orchestrate something for next week?"
接下来我就编排了几首管弦配乐
The next thing that happened was I had orchestrated a few cues
然后有人说:“接下来的半小时 你可以当指挥吗?”
and somebody said, "Do you mind conducting for the next half hour?"
出于年少轻狂,我说 “我当然能指挥,乐意之至”
With the temerity of youth, I said, "Of course I can conduct. I will do that."
最后我跟妻子说 “可以的话,我还是作曲好了”
Finally said to my wife, "I think I'll just compose if I can."
不知不觉 我开始忙著为电视剧和电影谱曲
And before I realized it, I was so busy writing in television and film
忙到我对妻子说
that I said to my wife,
“我不能一直待在管絃乐团裡
"I can't keep spending these hours in the orchestra.
我不能再继续弹奏 我要花更多时间谱曲”
I have to stop playing and write."
其实那样反而能多赚一点钱
And actually make a little bit more money that way.
我有三个孩子,这是出于现实考量
I had three children, had to think about practical aspects.
我对父亲最早的记忆 是我们有一张灯心绒地毯...
My earliest memory of my father was we had a corduroy rug
(珍妮威廉斯) (约翰威廉斯的女儿)
...就在我们家的小房♥间
in small room in our home.
地毯上有一架钢琴
On the rug was a piano
所以他会在那个 有著滑稽地毯的小房♥间裡弹钢琴
and so he would play there in this little room with the funny rug.
我母亲是芭芭拉瑞克,她是演员兼歌♥手
My mother was Barbara Ruick, and she was an actress and a singer.
她在《旋转木马》裡饰演卡莉皮帕里奇
She played Carrie Pipperidge in Carousel.
(1956年《旋转木马》,亨利金执导)
♪ Then I'll kiss him so he'll know ♪
我有两个弟弟,马克和乔
I have two brothers who are younger than me, Mark and Joe.
他们都是音乐家
They're both musicians.
乔是托托合唱团的主唱
Joe is the lead singer for the band Toto
马克是鼓手
and Mark is a drummer
他曾跟克罗斯比、史提尔斯与纳许
and has played with Crosby, Stills, and Nash
空中补给和蒂娜透娜同台表演过
and Air Supply and Tina Turner.
我父母的生活光鲜亮丽
My parents were very glamorous
经常外出交际应酬
and they went out a lot.
他们会举办派对
They threw parties.
我们也一直度过很不错的圣诞节
We also always had a nice Christmas.
圣诞节很美好
Christmas was lovely.
我还记得我父亲会弹奏很多音乐剧歌♥曲
I remember that my father played a lot of show tunes.
他和我妈会排练和表演歌♥曲,并乐在其中
He and my mother would rehearse and have fun together and play songs.
我们可以互相逗乐,让彼此哈哈大笑
And we were able to entertain each other and make each other laugh
一起玩得很开心
and have so much fun together.
我发现自己每週都在为电视剧谱曲
So I found myself writing television shows every week.
那几年我过得很不错 因为我有一小时的选集
I had several wonderful years where I had one hour anthologies.
克莱斯勒...鲍伯霍伯剧院和铝业剧院
这一週是西部片,下一週就是喜剧