野性英伦（2023）

在我漫长的一生中
In my long life,
我很幸运 几乎走遍了地球的每一个角落
I've been lucky enough to travel to almost every part of the globe
欣赏着它最美丽最动人的景色
and gaze upon some of its most beautiful and dramatic sights.
但我可以向你保证 这些岛上的自然景色
But I can assure you that nature in these islands,
如果你知道去哪里找的话
if you know where to look, can be just as dramatic
比我在其它地方看到的任何东西都壮观
and spectacular as anything that I've seen elsewhere.
不列颠群岛对大自然具有全球重要的意义
The British Isles are globally important for nature.
在本系列中 我们将向您展示为什么
In this series, we'll show you why that is so
庆祝这些岛屿的奇迹
and celebrate the wonders of these islands
我们称之为家
that we call home.
这里是狂野群岛
This is Wild Isles.
穆克尔 弗卢加
Muckle Flugga.
不列颠群岛的最北端
The very far north of the British Isles.
距苏格兰大♥陆♥170英里
170 miles from mainland Scotland,
位于谢德兰群岛的北端
at the northern tip of the Shetland Islands,
这里是最丰富的海洋生物和鸟类的家园
it's home to some of our richest marine and birdlife.
这些波涛汹涌的水域由我们最大的海洋捕食者巡逻
These rough waters are patrolled by our largest marine predator.
虎鲸
Orca killer whales.
其中有三群在整个冬天都在捕鲱鱼
Three pods of them, having spent the winter fishing for herring
每年春天定期回到谢德兰群岛水域
off Iceland, regularly return to Shetland's waters each spring.
它们这样做有一个特别的原因
They do so for one particular reason.
成千上万的普通海豹和灰海豹生活在这里
Thousands of common and grey seals live here.
水里充满了食物
The waters are full of food
这里有很多的沟壑和渠道可以提供安全
and there are plenty of gullies and channels that offer safety
大部分时间里
most of the time.
来到这里的虎鲸对海豹有着特殊的嗜好
The orca that come here have a particular taste for seals.
它们已经发展出一种独特的方法来捕捉它们
And they have developed a unique way of catching them.
它们的策略是出其不意
Their strategy is one of surprise.
它们已经发现了如何在海藻的水道中向上移♥动♥
They have discovered how to travel up channels in the kelp
到达海豹经常藏身的浅水区
to reach the shallow water where seals often hide.
没有一个沟壑是不被检查的
No gully is left unchecked.
虎鲸侧着身子 这样它们的背鳍
The orca turn on their side, so that their dorsal fin
并没有露出表面 暴露它们的存在
doesn't break the surface and reveal their presence.
一只海豹
A seal.
它会靠近岩石
It stays close to the rocks,
大型虎鲸会发现追击很困难
where a large orca would find swimming difficult.
它躲起来等待危险过去
It hides and waits for the danger to pass.
虎鲸在等待时机
The orca bide their time.
它们最好的机会就是找到一只在水里睡觉的海豹
Their best chance is to find a seal asleep in the water
就像这个
like this one.
它醒了就跑 但这里还有一只小的
It wakes up and flees, but there's a pup here, too.
虎鲸把捕获猎物带到开阔的水域
The orca takes its catch out into open water
并向年轻的成员展示如何淹死它
and there shows younger members of the pod how to drown it.
整个群体现在分享捕获的猎物
The whole group now share the catch.
不会浪费任何食物
Nothing will be wasted.
谢德兰群岛是英国和爱尔兰唯一
Shetland is the only place in Britain and Ireland
虎鲸繁殖的地方
where orca breed.
它是生活在我们海洋中的众多非凡生物之一
Just one of the many remarkable creatures that inhabit our seas,
陆地和天空
lands and skies.
我们的自然世界如此丰富的一个原因来自于它的地质学
One reason why our natural world is so rich comes from its geology
是地球上最多样的物质之一
amongst the most varied to be found anywhere on the planet
如英格兰南部的白垩悬崖和丘陵
from the chalk cliffs and downs of southern England
约克郡的石灰石路面
to the limestone pavements of Yorkshire
从达勒姆崎岖的惠斯通悬崖
from the rugged whinstone cliffs of Durham
到巨人之路的火山玄武岩
to the volcanic basalt of the Giant's Causeway
坐落北爱尔兰
in Northern Ireland.
每种岩石都创造了自己的景观
Each kind of rock creates its own landscape
有着自己的动植物群落
with its own community of animals and plants.
我们的自然如此多样的另一个原因是我们多样的气候
Another reason our nature is so diverse is our varied climate.
在北方 天气确实会很冷
In the north, it can be very cold indeed.
在苏格兰凯恩戈姆山脉的一千米高处
A thousand metres up in Scotland's Cairngorm Mountains.
这里的冬天无比寒冷
Winter here can be truly arctic
气温会降至零下27摄氏度
with temperatures dropping to27 degrees centigrade.
这些高地山峰都有巡逻人员
These peaks in the Highlands are patrolled
被我们最壮观的猛禽之一看守
by one of our most spectacular birds of prey
金雕
the golden eagle.
它们曾经广泛分布在英国和爱尔兰
They were once widespread across Britain and Ireland,
但如今几乎只剩下500对左右
but today almost all of our 500 or so pairs
在苏格兰筑巢
nest here in Scotland.
然而经过多年的迫♥害♥之后
Now, however, after years of persecution,
金雕的数量在缓缓上升
golden eagle numbers are on the rise.
在它们的领土内有明显的证据
Within their territory, there is clear evidence
仅存的几处野生环境是多么珍贵
of how precious our few remaining wild places are.
我们现在只剩下广袤的森林残余
There are now only remnants of the vast ancient forest
古森林曾经覆盖了大部分高地
that once covered most of the Highlands.
加里东森林是现有唯一的原生针叶林
The Caledonian Forest is the only native coniferous woodland
在英国境内
left in Britain.
它的范围还不到原来的1%
It's less than 1% of its original extent.
整个英国只有13%的土地被树木覆盖
Only 13% of Britain as a whole is covered by trees.
这是整个欧洲历史最低的比例之一
That's one of the lowest proportions in the whole of Europe.
然而 我们的橡树却具有全球重要性
Our oak trees, however, are globally important.
只有英格兰有更多的古老橡树
England alone has more ancient oaks
比整个欧洲加起来还要多
than the whole of Europe put together.
其中超过四分之三的橡树都有500多年的历史
And over three-quarters of them are more than 500 years old.
在牛津郡布伦海姆宫的庭院里
In the grounds of Blenheim Palace in Oxfordshire
矗立着英国最古老的橡树
stands the oldest oak tree in Britain.
它有1046年的历史了
It's 1,046 years old
在诺曼被征服之前就开始了它的生命
and began its life before the Norman Conquest.
橡树在其漫长的生命中提供食物和庇护所
Oak trees, throughout their long lives, provide food and shelter
超过2300种不同的动植物依靠它
for over 2,300 different species of plants and animals.
当太阳落山 橡树的夜班出现
As the sun sets, the oak tree's night shift appears.
其中一种是英国最迷人的动物
Among them, one of the most charming animals in Britain
睡鼠
a dormouse.
她评估了巢外的光线
She assesses the light levels outside her nest.
满月可能是个问题
The full moon could be a problem.
但是睡了一整天之后她需要出去走走
But after sleeping all day, she needs to get out and about.
她有四个正在成长的婴儿 它们都靠她奶喝
She has four growing babies who all depend on her for milk.
但幸运的是巢在橡树的高处
But fortunately, higher up in the oak,
有一种特别富含能量的食物等着被收集
there is a particularly energy-rich food waiting to be collected.
对我们来说 这就像爬上摩天大楼的顶端
For us, it would be like climbing to the top of a skyscraper.
留下幼崽独自开始探索危险的世界
Left alone, the babies begin to explore the dangerous world
在它们的巢穴洞口
beyond their nest-hole.
它们的母亲离她要找的东西越来越近了
Their mother is getting closer to what she's looking for.
但是茶色♥猫♥头鹰也在橡树上筑巢
But tawny owls also nest in oak trees.
她停住了
She freezes
可以保持一个多小时不动以避免被发现
and can stay motionless for over an hour to avoid detection.
最后她确定安全决定继续攀登
At last, she decides it's safe to continue her climb.
现在她能闻到她要找的植物
Now she can smell the plant that she's looking for
金银花
honeysuckle.
这值得一爬
This is worth the climb.
这些花充满了富含糖分的花蜜
The flowers are loaded with sugar-rich nectar.
她咬掉花瓣 以获取花瓣底部的甜美液体
She bites off the petals to get to the sweet liquid at their base.
她的孩子们开始不耐烦了
Her young are getting impatient.
一个个冒险出去
One ventures out
开始探索
and starts to explore.
妈妈觉得她已经吃饱了
Mother decides that she's eaten enough.
小睡鼠们匆匆赶回家
The baby dormice scuttle back home.
终于安全了
Safe at last.
但能维持多久？
But for how long?
睡鼠曾经广泛分布
Dormice were once widespread
但现在它们主要局限于威尔士
but now they are largely restricted to Wales
和英格兰南部
and southern England.
春天带来了林地最壮观的景象之一
Spring brings with it one of the woodlands' greatest spectacles
风铃草
bluebells.
仅仅几天之内 地面就被鲜艳色彩淹没了
Within only a few days, the ground is flooded with colour.
世界上一半以上的普通风铃草
More than half the world's common bluebells
和英国爱尔兰的花卉
flower in Britain and Ireland.
它们的展示高峰与一件重要事件相吻合
The peak of their display coincides with an important event
揭示林地中体型较大居民之一的生活
in the lives of one of the woodlands' bigger inhabitants.
嗅觉要比我们敏锐得多
With a sense of smell that's much more acute than ours,