宇宙（2007）
The Universe
第二季
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宇宙（2007）
The Universe S02E02
Part 1
April 23, 2021, 10:04 a.m.
开始时 一团漆黑 接着...
In the beginning therewas darkness and then
'轰'! 产生了时间 空间和物质无休无止的膨胀
bang giving birth to anendless expanding existence
of time, space and matter.
现在进一步来观察 我们一直在想象的
Now see further that we've ever imagined
我们生存的地方以外的
beyond the limitsof our existence
那个空间 我们称之为'宇宙'
in a place we call "the universe".
我们那无限的宇宙充满着怪异 暴戾
Our infinite universe isbrimming with strange, violent
以及潜在的生命传输现象
and potentiallylife-transporting phenomena.
想象一下 宇宙的门户
Imagine cosmic portals
在那里 物体会消失 被弹出
where objects coulddisappear, be ejected
或者泄漏到时空中的一些其它的地方
or escape to some otherplace in space or time.
它们是去绝大多数湮没之地的入场券
They are tickets tooblivion for the most part.
你或者在通过虫洞传送到宇宙的另一部分去时
Either you get shredded in ablack hole you get transported
被黑洞碾得粉碎
to another part of the universein a wormhole, or you get
或者被白洞的喷射物所毁灭
obliterated by thegusher of the white hole.
飞行去宇宙的弯曲的那头
Blast off to the warpside of the universe
科学家们为了搜索黑洞
as scientists search for black holes
白洞和虫洞
white holes and wormholes.
它们是没有意义的幻想呢还是一个科学事实呢?
Are they frivolousfantasies... or a science fact?
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The.Universe.S02E02.Cosmic.Holes宇宙2x02 宇宙间各种洞
Sync: sway_ck, don_ciccio, zefram cochrane,supersimo, gioggio77, hipopo
宇宙是一个一切皆有可能的聚宝盆
The universe is a cosmiccornucopia of endless possibilities.
设想穿梭往返到宇宙中的任何一个地方
Imagine a shuttle serviceto anywhere in the cosmos.
不是登上未来的宇宙飞船
It's not aboard a futuristic spaceship;
而是乘坐银河交通工具通过虫洞-
it's a galactic ride through a wormhole
一种理论上的通道
提供了通过时空的捷径
a theoretical tunnel
providing shortcutsthrough space and time.
虫洞有点象城市中的地铁系统
Wormholes are a little bit like a subwaysystem that you might use in the city
你进入一个洞口
where you're going into a hole
经过一个隧♥道♥ 然后在另外一头的洞口出来
you go through a tunneland then you come out
at the other end through another hole
这样 你就穿越了城市同样 也可能
and then you've traveled through thecity. Same thing would be possible
通过虫洞在宇宙间两个不同地点之间进行旅行
in a wormhole to travel betweendifferent points in the universe.
物理学家克利福德.约翰逊
已经对虫洞的可能性进行过深思
Physicist Clifford Johnson
has contemplated thepossibility of wormholes.
虫洞与地铁之间的区别
The difference between
a wormhole and a subway system
在于你通过虫洞旅行的行程
is that you're using the wormhole
要比你在平常的空间里旅行大得多
to travel a greaterdistance than you would
if you were traveling in ordinary space.
理论上 虫洞是连接称做'嘴巴'(mouths)的
In theory a wormhole has a throat
出入口的咽喉
connected to an entranceand exit called "mouths"
嘴巴位于空间的各个部位
located in different parts of space.
虫洞很有吸引力
A wormhole is appealing because
因为我们受光速的限制无法超过光速到达仙女星座
we're limited by the speed of light.We can't get to the Andromeda galaxy
即使是光 也需要60万年才能到达
in less than somethinglike 600,000 years
even moving at the speed of light.
我一直感到疑惑
天文学的下一个伟大的发现究竟是不是虫洞
I keep wondering if
the really next big discoveryin astronomy could be a wormhole.
现在只是因为它们引起了象我这样的人的兴趣
Not just because they'refun for people like me
而不是因为
它们可以将我们带到某些我们貌似无法用其他途径抵达的地方
but because
they could take us to some place that wecan't plausibly ever get any other way.
格里高里.本福德已经在构思外层空间的科幻小说了
Gregory Benford has pondered thescience and fiction of outer space.
身兼物理学家和30多部科幻小说的作家
As both a physicist andauthor of over 30 sci-fi novels
本福德已经目睹了科幻成真
Benford has witnessedfantastical theories
become a reality.
我们中许多人都想知道
A lot of us would liketo know if wormholes
虫洞是真的存在呢 或者只是建立在
really exist or whether they'rejust another mathematical construct
爱因斯坦天赋上的又一个数学模型呢?
thought up by Einstein the genius.
爱因斯坦的广义相对论
Albert Einstein'sgeneral relativity laws
考虑到了虫洞的存在
allows for the existence of wormholes.
1930年 爱因斯坦和他的同事纳森.罗森
In 1930 Einstein and hiscolleague Nathan Rosen
计算出了这些星系间管道中的一个数学模型
calculated the mathematics of oneof these intergalactic pipelines.
也就是大家熟知的"爱因斯坦—罗森桥"(Einstein—Rosen bridge)
It became known as the"Einstein-Rosen bridge."
虫洞是爱因斯坦方程式的一个解答
The wormhole is a solutionof Einstein's equations for
这是广义相对论论述引力作用的方程式
general relativity tellingus how gravity works.
他们假设
他们这样做是为了将时空的各个部分连接起来
They're hypothetical
and what they do is they connectdifferent parts of space and time.
爱因斯坦—罗森的数学虫洞
The Einstein-Rosenmathematical wormhole
是受黑洞的研究启发的
arose from studying black holes.
黑洞是引力极其强烈的空间中的一个区域
A black hole is a region inspace of extremely strong gravity.
引力强烈到
它附近的物体没有任何办法
The gravity is so strong
that there is no way forobjects that get too near
挣脱它的引力束缚
to break away fromits gravitational pull.
任何东西一旦遭遇到黑洞都无法逃逸
Nothing can escape a closeencounter with a black hole
甚至光也同样逃不出来
not even light.
这个倒置的喷泉是个视觉模型
This inverted fountainserves as a visual analogy
来看一下围绕着黑洞究竟发生了什么
在这个黑洞的范围内的底部
to what's going on around a black hole.
At the bottom is the areainside the event horizon
不停地流进去的水
类似于可能流进黑洞的气体
And the water falling into it
is analogous to gas thatmight fall into a black hole;
你把自己想象成一条在里面游泳的鱼
Imagine yourself being a fishswimming around this region.
一旦你掉进这中♥央♥
Once you get down insidethis central portion
你就此消失在这里 无法返回了
you're past the point of no return.
但是爱因斯坦从未打算将虫洞
But Einstein neverintended his wormhole
作为太空旅行的工具
as a tool for space travel.
他的虫洞只是在某个时间瞬间所创造的理论
His wormhole is theoreticallycreated at some moment of time.
它短暂打开
It opens up briefly
然后就掐断
then pinches off.
任何企图通过的东西
Anything that tries to pass through it
都将在它的挤压下粉身碎骨
will get crushed when it squeezes apart.
在你的方程式和研究中所记录到的典型的虫洞
A typical wormhole that you write down
是不稳定的 它会在难以想象的短时间内消失
in your equations and study
is unstable. It will vanish
因此你需要一些手段来让它保持开放
in an incredibly short time.
So what you need is somemeans of holding it open.
在爱因斯坦的虫洞被确定没有规则之后
After Einstein's wormhole wasdetermined unstable
上世纪60年代
in the 1960s
在这方面的概念便少有研究
little research was done on the concept.
后来科幻电影
Then the sci-fi film "contact"
在90年代后期放映
was released in the late 1990s.
是根据著名天文学家卡尔.萨根的原著拍摄的
Based on the book byrenowned astronomer Carl Sagan
它提出虫洞
it proposed that a wormhole
可以用来进行太空旅行
could be used for space travel.
小说及后来的电影
The book "contact" andthen subsequently the movie
让大家通过虚构很好地认识到了虫洞的概念
was a nice place in fiction
that was accessible to everyone whereyou can see the idea of a wormhole.
因此 这是个很好的途径
让人们再一次对那个概念引起兴趣
So it was a nice way of
getting people interestedin that idea all over again.
这是种非常不着边际的概念
This was kind of a very far-fetched idea
甚至连许多物理学家都没有认真考虑过
that wasn't even consideredvery seriously by many physicists
直至卡尔.萨根决定写这本书
Until Carl Sagan decidedto write this book
试图让它尽可能地符合实际
and try to make it asrealistic as possible.
打那时起 理论物理着手研究
And since that timetheoretical physicists studying
爱因斯坦的广义相对论
Einstein's general theory of relativity
考虑到了通过虫洞进行旅行
have considered travelthrough wormholes.
科学家开始研究
Scientists began to investigate
是否可能存在一种
whether there mightbe a type of wormhole
不同于爱因斯坦所说的虫洞
而是可通过的
different from Einstein's
that is traversible.
我们从来没有拒绝以前的问题
We've never seen negative matter before.
将会存在反万有引力的东西...
It would haveanti-gravitational properties...
但是有一天 一旦我们找到了反物质
But one day, if we everfind negative matter,
或许就找到了虫洞稳定的关键
perhaps that's the key tostabilize the wormhole.
可通过的虫洞概念
The idea of a traversible wormhole
让科幻小说爱好者入了迷
captivated science fiction enthusiasts.
这也再次激发了科学界对虫洞的认真研究
It also reinvigorated the serious study
of wormholes withinthe science community.
这个可通过的虫洞制♥造♥了不小的轰动
This transversible wormholecreated quite a sensation
因为也许完全有可能
'cause perhaps it is physically possible
有一天能创建一个地铁系统去另外一个银河系
to one day build a subwaysystem to another galaxy.
'虫洞'这个名称来自苹果的比喻
The term "wormhole" came from ananalogy with an apple. You want to get
你想从苹果的一处到另外一处
from one part of theapple to another part.
如果你是条蠕虫 就能咬出一条通道进入苹果内部
If you're a worm you can eat your waydown into the body of the apple
产生一条小隧♥道♥ 还有其它更短的路径
and make a little tunnel and come outthe other way and it's shorter.
然而不同于蠕虫在这个苹果里活动对于我们宇宙间的虫洞来说
宇宙（2007）
The Universe
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