绿色星球（2022）

这里的植物经常受到攻击
from all kinds of leaf-eaters,
从各种吃树叶的人那里，
but the most voracious by far is hardly ever seen.
但迄今为止，几乎从未见过最贪婪的
It consumes 50,000 leaves every day.
它每天消耗5万片树叶
It's created this great clearing in the forest...
它在森林中创造了这片巨大的空地
..and it lives just beneath my feet.
它就住在我脚下
It's called leucoagaricus.
它叫银合欢
It's neither animal nor plant.
它既不是动物也不是植物
It's a fungus.
是真菌
It lives five metres underground,
它住在地下五米处，
far from the leaves that it devours.
远离它吞噬的树叶
To get them,
为了得到它们，
it employs the best leaf-gatherers in the tropics.
它雇佣了热带地区最好的采叶者
Leafcutter ants.
切叶蚁
Millions of them provide the fungus with its food,
数以百万计的真菌为真菌提供食物，
and in return, the fungus cultivates tiny mushrooms
作为回报，这种真菌可以培育小蘑菇
as food for the ants.
作为蚂蚁的食物
The fungus releases chemical signals
这种真菌会释放化学信♥号♥♥
that tell the worker ants what type of leaf it wants to eat.
告诉工蚁想要吃什么样的叶子
Scouts are sent out with the latest orders.
侦察兵被派去执行最新的命令
Worker ants will travel hundreds of metres to find the right kind.
工蚁会跑几百米去寻找合适的种类
Today's crop is being taken from a young bixa tree.
今天的作物是从一棵年幼的比克斯树上摘下来的
Just a few years old and still battling to reach the canopy,
才几岁，还在奋力爬上树冠，
it can ill afford to lose any of its leaves.
它连一片叶子都失去不起
CRUNCHING AND SLICING
嘎吱切割声
Between them, the ants can demolish a large leaf in a matter of minutes.
在它们之间，蚂蚁可以在几分钟内摧毁一片大叶子
The sound of cutting attracts more ants.
切割的声音吸引了更多的蚂蚁
Now the pieces are carried back to the underground fungus.
现在这些碎片被带回地下真菌
The ants can run at speeds of two metres a minute.
蚂蚁能以每分钟两米的速度奔跑
And each can carry a load ten times its own weight.
每一个都能承载十倍于自身重量的负载
It's a river of leaves across the jungle floor...
这是一条穿过丛林地面的树叶河
..part of a vast network that extends for miles through the forest.
…一个巨大的网络的一部分，这个网络延伸数英里穿过森林
through the forest.
穿过森林。
To avoid congestion,
为了避免拥堵，
worker ants dig trenches around obstacles.
工蚁在障碍物周围挖沟
Thousands of pieces are delivered every hour to the waiting fungus.
每小时都有数千件送到等待的真菌那里
Fed by such a continuous supply,
在如此持续的供应下，
the fungus grows rapidly,
真菌生长迅速，
filling the chambers in which it lives...
填满它生活的房♥间
..so, the ants excavate more space.
所以蚂蚁挖掘了更多的空间
It seems that the fungus has the upper hand...
看来真菌占了上风
..and the bixa tree will not survive.
而bixa树将无法存活
But it fights back...
但它会反击
..using chemical warfare.
…使用化学战
The bixa tree floods its leaves with toxins
that could kill the distant fungus.
bixa树的叶子上充满毒素，可以杀死远处的真菌
As the ants carry the fragments back, they are themselves
当蚂蚁把碎片带回来时，它们就是自己
poisoning the fungus on the tree's behalf.
代表树毒害真菌
It's a long-distance attack.
这是远程攻击
As the poison takes effect,the ants sense
当毒药起作用时，蚂蚁感觉到
that their fungus is weakening...
他们的真菌正在减弱
..and they respond to its signals
它们会对信♥号♥♥做出反应
by changing to another source of leaves.
通过换到另一种叶子来源
So, the plant's chemical response
所以，植物的化学反应
forces the ants to constantly switch from tree to tree.
迫使蚂蚁不断地从一棵树切换到另一棵树
Strike and counterstrike.
打击和反击
And that ensures that enough leaves remain uneaten
这确保了有足够多的树叶没有被吃掉
for each tree to recover.
为了每棵树的恢复
BIRDS AND ANIMALS CALL
鸟类和动物叫
Once a plant becomes adult,
一旦植物成熟，
it can switch its energies
它可以转换能量
from growth to reproduction.
从生长到繁殖
The tropical forests of the Americas stretch
from Mexico to the southern reaches of the Amazon.
美洲的热带森林从墨西哥延伸到亚马逊河的南端
They contain more than 100,000 different species of plants,
它们包含超过10万种不同的植物，
each with its own particular survival strategy.
每个人都有自己独特的生存策略
One species that has adopted a grow-fast lifestyle
一个采用快速生长生活方式的物种
flourishes throughout this vast region.
在这片广阔的地区蓬勃发展
The balsa.
巴尔萨
But it has to pay a high price for doing so.
但它必须为此付出高昂的代价
The lightweight wood that enables it
使它成为可能的轻质木材
to grow at such speed is not strong
以这样的速度增长并不强劲
and is easily broken.
而且很容易破碎
Few balsas live longer than 20 years.
很少有巴尔萨人的寿命超过20年
This one is approaching the end of its brief life,
这一次即将结束其短暂的生命，
so, the time has come for it to reproduce.
所以，现在是它繁殖的时候了
It has used a huge amount of energy to produce
它使用了大量的能源来生产
some of the most extravagant flowers in the forest,
森林里最奢华的花朵，
in immense numbers.
数量巨大
Each is the size of a human hand.
每只手都有一只手那么大
As night falls,
夜幕降临，
the tree prepares an enticing treat.
这棵树准备了诱人的食物
This is a kinkajou,
这是金卡茹，
a kind of fruit-eating racoon.
一种吃水果的浣熊
Each flower is filled with huge quantities of exceptionally rich nectar,
每朵花都充满了大量异常丰富的花蜜，
supercharged with sugar.
加了很多糖
Irresistible!
不可抗拒的
The kinkajous drink so greedily
that they get pollen all over their faces.
金卡茹人贪婪地喝酒，以至于脸上都是花粉
So, as they move from tree to tree,
所以，当它们从一棵树移到另一棵树，
they carry pollen with them.
它们携带花粉
But the balsa leaves little to chance.
但巴尔萨几乎没有机会
The nectar might appear to have run out,
花蜜可能已经用完了，
but this is just the first round.
但这只是第一轮
Now the balsa refills its flowers,
现在，巴尔沙重新装点了它的花朵，
enticing the kinkajous back to repeat the process...
诱使金卡茹人重蹈覆辙
..seven times a night.
每晚七次
Pollination is complete.
授粉完成了
And the kinkajous -they also get well served,
还有金卡茹——他们也得到了很好的服务，
with over 100 pints of nectar in just a few weeks.
几周内就有超过100品脱的花蜜
Both plant and animal do well out of this arrangement.
植物和动物都能从这种安排中受益
But in the tropical world,that isn't always so.
但在热带世界，情况并非总是如此
BIRDS AND ANIMALS CALL
鸟类和动物叫
Borneo.
婆罗洲
Here, on the slopes of Mount Kinabalu,
在这里，在基纳巴鲁山的山坡上，
live plants that eat animals
以动物为食的活植物
using pitcher-shaped leaves full of water.
使用装满水的水罐状叶子
Insects are attracted by the expectation of nectar,
昆虫被花蜜的期望所吸引，
but tumble into the pitcher,
但是掉进水罐里，
where they are drowned and absorbed.
在那里他们被淹没和吸收
On the lower slopes of the mountain,
在山的低坡上，
a plant grows that has no leaves at all.
没有叶子的植物生长
Or even a stem.
甚至是一根茎
All that can be seen is this -
我们所能看到的就是这个-
a bud.
花蕾
It is a parasite.
它是寄生虫
RUSTLING
沙沙作响
The rest of its body lies within the tissues of a liana,
它身体的其余部分位于藤本植物的组织内，
on which it feeds.
它以之为食
After about five years,
大约五年后，
the bud finally opens into a monstrous flower.
花蕾终于开放成一朵奇葩
It now has only a day or so in which
to be pollinated before it starts to wither.
它现在只有一天左右的时间来授粉，然后才开始枯萎
Its petals are the colour of blood.
它的花瓣是血的颜色
Their surface is tough and warty.
它们的表面坚硬且有疣
It appears to have fur.
它似乎有皮毛
Even whiskers and teeth.
甚至胡须和牙齿
At first sight, it might be mistaken for a dead animal.
乍一看，它可能被误认为是死动物
This is rafflesia,the corpse flower.
这是莱佛西娅，尸体花
A metre across,it's the world's biggest flower.
一米宽，是世界上最大的花
And this one is a male.
这是一只雄性
From its centre comes the pungent odour of death.
它的中心散发着刺鼻的死亡气息
It's a scent that might not appeal to every animal.