绿色星球（2022）

So effective is the seed's deception
种子的欺骗是如此有效
that the beetles come back for more time and time again.
甲虫一次又一次地回来
Most of the Ceratocaryum seeds get safely buried...
大部分Ceratocaryum种子都被安全地掩埋了
..exactly where they need to be.
正是他们需要去的地方
As the sun begins to retreat,so autumn arrives.
随着太阳开始退却，秋天也来到了
The cooler, shorter days are the cue for many seasonal forests
天气凉爽，白天短是许多季节性森林的迹象
to prepare for the winter shutdown.
为冬季停止做准备
The trees start to divert their nutrients back into their roots.
树木开始将养分转移回根部
And there, other organisms await them.
在那里，还有其他生物在等待它们
Fungi.
真菌
Mushrooms are the familiar face of fungi,
蘑菇是真菌熟悉的面孔，
but they are merely the fruiting bodies.
但它们只是子实体
Some of them only last for a few days.
有些只持续几天
They are, however, evidence of the giant organism
然而，它们是这种巨型生物的证据
that lies in the soil beneath.
它就在下面的土壤里
Just a single handful of soil may contain several thousand metres
仅仅一把土壤就可能包含几千米
of their microscopic filaments.
它们的微丝
It's only recently that we have discovered the extraordinary role
直到最近，我们才发现了这种非凡的作用
that these fungi play in a forest like this.
这些真菌在这样的森林里活动
Their filaments plug into the tips of the tree's roots
它们的细丝插入树根的顶端
and nutrients pass between tree and fungus throughout the year.
营养物质在树木和真菌之间一年四季传递
Some fungi have the ability to link with not just a single tree,
有些真菌不仅与一棵树有联♥系♥，
but with a whole group of trees,
但是有一整群树，
so that the entire forest may be linked together
这样整个森林就可以连在一起了
by these microscopic threads,
通过这些细线，
to form what you might call a wood-wide web.
形成一个你可以称之为木网的东西
Hundreds of trees can be interconnected by these webs.
数百棵树可以通过这些网相互连接
Scientists call it the mycorrhizal network.
科学家称之为菌根网络
And it might look something like this.
它可能看起来像这样
They've discovered that trees not only send nutrients along it
他们发现树木不仅能输送营养物质
but chemical and electrical signals,
但是化学和电♥信♥♥号♥♥，
allowing them to communicate with one another.
允许他们相互交流
But some trees can also be selfish and steal from their rivals.
但有些树木也可能自私，从竞争对手那里偷东西
Or even wage war by sending out toxins that will harm competitors.
甚至通过释放毒素来发动战争，从而伤害竞争对手
It seems, however, that most trees do try to help each other.
然而，似乎大多数树木都试图互相帮助
They raise the alarm when attacked by leaf-eaters,
当它们被食叶动物攻击时会发出警报，
leaving other trees time to produce defensive chemicals.
让其他树木有时间生产防御性化学物质
Those that are dying may send their food reserves to their neighbours.
那些垂死的人可能会把储备的食物送给邻居
And some individuals known as mother trees
还有一些被称为母树的个体
recognise their own offspring,
认出自己的后代，
and will channel resources to them...
并将资源输送给他们
..so giving their young the best possible start in life.
因此，给他们的孩子生命中最好的开始
As the harshness of winter approaches...
随着严冬的临近
..temperate woodlands from Russia to Canada
从俄♥罗♥斯♥到加拿大的温带林地
are now in a race to shut down.
现在正处于关闭的竞争中
The green pigment in the leaves starts to break down
叶子中的绿色♥色♥素开始分解
and nutrients are withdrawn into the branches.
营养物质被吸收到树枝中
The chemical substances that are left behind
留下的化学物质
then create one of the most spectacular displays of colour
然后创造一个最壮观的色彩展示
in the whole of nature.
在整个自然中
The first freezing nights of winter bring with them a killer.
冬天的第一个寒冷夜晚带来了一个杀手
Frost.
严寒天气
Stems, when frozen, rupture.
茎冻结时会破裂
And flowers of ice form in the chilly air.
冰花在寒冷的空气中形成
For some, winter brings dormancy.
对一些人来说，冬天带来了休眠
For others, it brings death.
对其他人来说，它带来了死亡
Another cycle of the seasons
季节的另一个循环
comes to an end.
结束了
Plants all across the seasonal world
季节性的各类植物
have developed many different strategies for success.
已经制定了许多不同的成功策略
But they all depend on the seasons changing reliably year after year.
但它们都取决于年复一年的季节变化
It doesn't matter whether you live for 3,000 years
你是否能活3000年并不重要
or just a few months,
或者仅仅几个月，
everything depends on you getting the timing just right.
一切都取决于你把握好时机
But in our changing world,
但在我们不断变化的世界里，
this is becoming a greater challenge every year.
这每年都成为一个更大的挑战
And even the most hardy and resilient of plants
甚至是最坚韧的植物
are starting to struggle.
他们开始努力
These sequoia trees are the giants of the natural world,
这些红杉是自然界的巨人，
the largest living thing on the planet.
地球上最大的生物
They can grow to almost 100 metres tall
它们可以长到将近100米高
and 11 metres across.
直径11米
Their bark alone can be over a half-a-metre thick.
光是它们的树皮就有半米厚
They're also among the oldest,some living to over 3,000 years.
它们也是最古老的物种之一，有些寿命超过3000年
And to achieve such age and size,
为了达到这样的年龄和体型，
they need very particular living conditions,
他们需要非常特殊的生活条件，
such as are found here in the Sierra Nevada mountains
比如在内华达山脉
of California.
加利福尼亚州
Not only do they need energy from the sun but,
它们不仅需要来自太阳的能量而且，
critically, they also require up to 4,000 litres of water a day.
关键的是，它们每天还需要多达4000升水
So they are almost entirely reliant on the seasonal snowmelt.
因此，它们几乎完全依赖季节性融雪
But recent years have brought longer, hotter summers
但近年来，夏季变得更长、更热
and their source of water is becoming increasingly unreliable.
他们的水源越来越不可靠
Scientists are discovering
科学家们正在发现
that even these seemingly indestructible giants
就连这些看似坚不可摧的巨人
are now starting to show signs of vulnerability.
现在开始显示出脆弱的迹象
Some are shedding their needles and branches
有些正在脱落针叶和树枝
as a way of conserving precious water.
作为节省珍贵水源的一种方式
But for others, climate change has already been fatal.
但对其他的来说，气候变化已经是致命的
10% of them have been lost in just the last few years.
其中10%在过去几年里就消失了
A single giant sequoia in its lifetime
一生中只有一棵巨大的红杉
can produce 100 million seeds.
可以生产1亿颗种子
These, in my hand, from one cone,
我手里拿着一个圆锥体，
are more than enough to start a completely new forest.
足以开创一个全新的森林
But they can only do such a thing in a world where the seasons change
但他们只能在季节变化的世界里做这样的事情
with some reliability.
有一定的可靠性
Today, our climate is changing,bringing an unprecedented level
今天，我们的气候正在变化，带来了前所未有的水平
of unpredictability all across the seasonal world.
在整个季节性的世界里都是不可预测的
The question is, can we curb climate change sufficiently
问题是，我们能否充分遏制气候变化
to ensure that the seasons will continue?
以确保季节继续？
Only if we can do that will the future of seasonal plants,
只有这样，季节性植物的未来，
including these magnificent trees,be assured.
包括这些壮丽的树木，请放心
During filming The Green Planet,
在拍摄《绿色星球》时，
it wasn't only the plants that struggled to get their timing right.
并不是只有植物才努力把握时机
The increasing unpredictability of the seasons
季节越来越不可预测
made it frustratingly difficult for the crew
让工作人员感到沮丧
to be in the right place at the right time.
在正确的时间出现在正确的地方
Whether the height of summer...
无论盛夏
We are in the middle of a biblical rainstorm.
我们正处在圣经暴雨中
..or a quiet autumnal afternoon...
或是一个安静的秋日下午
MAN: This is crazy.Hurricanes are no joke.
男：这太疯狂了飓风可不是开玩笑的
..they were always kept on their toes.
他们总是保持警觉
That's really scary. Ooh!
真可怕哦！
Sometimes very numb ones.
有时非常麻木
It's been the most snow they've had for 38 years,
这是38年来雪最多的一次，
and I think this is now our fifth filming trip in a row
我想这已经是我们连续第五次拍摄了
where the seasons haven't done what they're predictably meant to do
在那里，四季都没有完成预期的任务
every year.
每年
And these challenges continue in attempting to find and film
在寻找和拍摄的过程中，这些挑战仍在继续
an elusive plant with a remarkable survival strategy.
一种具有非凡生存策略的难以捉摸的植物
The fire lily.
火百合
Somewhere out there is a tiny, tiny red plant...
某处有一株小小的红色植物
..in all of that.
…所有这些
Travelling to South Africa at the height of summer...
在盛夏去南非旅行
..the crew witnessed many extraordinary flowers
工作人员目睹了许多不同寻常的花朵
bursting into bloom.
绽放
But if they are to see a fire lily, they need a fire.
但是如果他们想看到火百合花，他们需要火
None of the team have filmed wildfire before -
团队中没有人曾拍摄过野火-
not something to be underestimated.
这是不可低估的
In most cases, with wildfires,is that, when they go wrong,
在大多数情况下，对于野火，当他们出错时，