七大工业奇迹（2003）

Seven Wonders of the Industrial World S01E04

Part 7 May 23, 2022, 9:42 a.m.

应该有的各项检测工作
we haven't been able to conduct
all the tests that we would have liked.
抽水机出现故障的机率还是有的
There's always the chance
that it might not work.
王子殿下，各位嘉宾，各位女士先生
Your Royal Highness, distinguished guests,
Ladies and Gentlemen.
在此谨代表工程委员会
感谢各位今天的大驾光临
On behalf of the Board of works I wish
to thank you all for coming here today.
几年之前，恶臭与瘟疫
在我们的伟大城市里四处可见
A few years ago stench and pestilence
were ubiquitous in our great city.
而可怕的传染病，霍乱的横行
And terrible epidemics
of the cholera claimed
更是夺走了数千名市民的生命
the lives of many thousands
of our fellow citizens.
虽然对引发疾病的原因
各家说法不尽相同
Although differences continue to exist
as to the causes of disease,
但是显然．．．我们的新下水道系统
it is clear that our
new drainage system is already
已经对这个大都会居民的身体健康
造成非常大的改进
affecting a dramatic improvement
in health across the metropolis.
我现在要请王子殿下
启动抽水机开关
I now ask his Royal Highness
to switch on the engines.
我希望这个国家跟我一样
以他为荣
I hope this country is
as proud of him as I am.
我到现在还无法相信
这一天会到来
I just can't believe
this day has actually arrived
经过了这么多年的计划
周♥旋♥与担忧
after all these years of planning
and politics and worrying.
可是我一直深信
他总会大放异彩
But I never doubted he would triumph.
这实在是太让人开心了
It's absolutely magnificent.
我想我的妻子也会同意
我是真的不在意
I think my wife will agree with me,
I genuinely care,
我不在意像这样大费周张的庆祝
don't care for um much um hyperbole
但是．．．这个实在是很棒，不是吗？
when it comes to these things but er
it's been rather marvellous hasn't it?
这次的庆祝来得太早了
The celebrations were premature.
虽然伦敦大多地区
已经启用新的下水道系统
The new system may have been
functioning in most of London
然而东区这里却依然如故
but it wasn't yet in the East end.
就在克罗斯尼斯的
盛大启动典礼后3个月，霍乱卷土重来
Less than three months after the grand
opening of Crossness the cholera returned.
卫生当局的官员
再度诉诸非常手段
Once again health officials had
to resort to desperate measures.
他们用硫磺
熏受害者的个人物品
The possessions of victims were fumigated
徒劳无功的想要阻止疫病的扩大
with sulphur in a vain attempt
to stop the disease spreading.
然而威廉法尔不得不再度负起
计算死亡人数的工作
But once again William Farr had
the grim task of registering the deaths.
这个情况令人费解
And there was a puzzle.
由于下水道工程近乎完工
冲天臭气消失不见
With the sewers almost complete
the worst of the smell had gone.
那么霍乱为什么会再度爆发？
So why had the cholera come back?
这座蓄水池是东区饮用水的来源
This reservoir provides
drinking water to the East end.
东伦敦水公♥司♥向我保证
l'm assured by the
East London water company
流入蓄水池的河水
都经过彻底的净化
that the river that feeds it has been
filtered to cleanse it thoroughly.
可是今天早上
我却发现了一件怪事
Yet earlier today
I saw something very strange.
这件怪事结果是个重大的线索
That strange thing could be the vital clue
最后终于让法尔找到霍乱的真正起因
that eventually led Farr to unmask
the true course of cholera.
在波普乐，罗素一家的水供给
突然中止了
The Russell family's water supply
in Poplar had suddenly stopped.
由于5天都没有半滴水
罗素先生扭开了水龙头
After five days without water
Mr Russell unscrewed the tap
发现一条14英寸长的鳗鱼
and found an eel
fourteen inches in length.
这条鳗鱼已经腐烂了
发出的恶臭叫人做呕
It was in a putrid state and the stench
arising from it was most fearful.
从那个时候起他的孩子们
与妻子开始卧病在床
Since then two of his children and
his wife have been taken ill.
今天在蓄水池里捕捉到鳗鱼
Eels caught in this reservoir today.
如果蓄水池里还有鳗鱼
表示水没有净化
If there are eels in the reservoir
it can not be filtered.
因此污水持续进入蓄水池里
不断的散播疫病
Therefore sewage is getting in
to the water supply spreading the disease.
而不是经由空气
如我之前所想是经由臭气
And not through the air,
through miasma like I had thought before.
我为大众健康所做的一切努力
都来自谬误的理论
Everything I have ever done for public
health has been based on a falsehood.
一项公开调查显示
A public enquiry revealed
that the East London Water Company
东伦敦水公♥司♥
一直在提供受到秽物污染
had been supplying unfiltered
water polluted by sewage.
没有经过净化的水，从来没有人
怀疑过霍乱与污水有关联
No one had doubted the connection
between cholera and sewage
只有约翰史诺医生非常清楚
它们之间的因果关系
but only Dr John Snow had understood
exactly how they were connected.
我跟许多其它人一样
一直相信臭气理论
Like many others I have always
believed in the miasma theory,
这种疫病是经由空气传染
that disease was carried by smell.
现在我才知道自己是错的
史诺医生是对的
Now l've realised that I was wrong,
that Dr Snow was correct.
霍乱是水传染疾病
Cholera is waterborne.
而自从下水道完工之后
霍乱已经消失无踪
And yet since the sewers were built
the cholera has died out
各个地区的公共卫生都有了改进
and everywhere public health has improved.
我之前以为下水道的功用是
I thought the sewers were helping
because they removed the stench,
排除臭味与瘟疫，以及这种疫病
the pestilence and
therefore the, the disease.
这是我们的目的
That was our priority.
净化水源一直被摆在第二位
Purification of the water
was always secondary.
可是它才是拯救♥市♥民的主要功臣
Yet that is what has made
a difference to my fellow citizens.
这个就是巴瑟杰特的故事当中
最大的讽刺
This then is the supreme
irony of Bazalgette's story.
他在众人对臭气理论深信不疑时
打造了下水道
He had built his sewers when almost
everyone believed the miasma theory,
目的只是要除去恶臭
his aim simply to take away the smell.
但是在排除污水的同时
他意外的保住了
But by also removing the sewage
he had accidentally ensured
伦敦未来世代的前途
让大家免于疫病的肆虐
that future generations of Londoners
would be safe from the deadly disease.
他拯救了这个城市
He had saved the city.
假设这些乱舞群魔
如现代人所谓的霍乱，斑疹伤寒与天花
If the malignant spirits whom we moderns
call cholera, typhus and smallpox,
想要在伦敦找出
which are set out in quest of the man
对自己杀伤力最大的敌人
who has been their deadliest foe
in all London,
那么它们会一路冲向
乔瑟夫巴瑟杰特
they would make their way
to the home of Joseph Bazalgette.
约翰史诺鞭辟入里的观察
终于得到平♥反♥
The accuracy of John Snow's
observations was fully vindicated.
霍乱是经由水传染的疾病
Cholera is a waterborne disease.
令人鼻酸的是
他无缘见到这个理论被人接受
But tragically he never lived
to see his theory accepted.
约翰史诺被证明是对的之前
他已经过世8年了
By the time he was proved right
John Snow had been dead for eight years.
巴瑟杰特的伟大工程的效率
The effectiveness of Bazalgette's
great work was proven for all
在1867年7月26日通过了最大的考验
when on July 26th 1867.
当天晚上，两个月的平均雨水量总和
落在伦敦市里
That night the equivalent of two months
average rainfall fell upon London.
巴瑟杰特的下水道
承接了每一滴雨水
Bazalgette's sewers coped