七大工业奇迹（2003）

Seven Wonders of the Industrial World S01E04

Part 5 May 23, 2022, 9:42 a.m.

work on the long awaiting new sewer system
was postponed and postponed and postponed.
巴瑟杰特与工作小组
从英雄摇身成为跳梁小丑
Bazalgette and his team went
from heroes to laughing stocks.
建筑商说主任委员
对你的态度相当的冷淡
The builder says you were considerably
snubbed by the Chief Commissioner.
那是伦敦画报
The London lllustrated News.
迫于无奈
只得接受政♥府♥的要求之后
In sullen pistol like compliance
with the government's desire
巴瑟杰特先生每一次都得
稍微修改泰晤士河的净化计划
Mr Bazalgette has a fraction at a time
amended his plans for Thames purification.
虽然就这个部分，他最新的成果
仍然是个折衷的方案
Though in this respect his latest
effort is still a half measure.
不管如何
它还是会摧毁这条河的捕鱼业
It will however ensure the destruction
of the river born fish trade,
拖垮沿河的众多小镇
ruin the waterside towns
造成不受欢迎的洪水
枉顾都市发展
and waste upon the unthankful
flood the fertilising matter.
我们还读到另外一份报纸
We were reading yet another newspaper
责怪他能力不足
which was condemning him
for his lack of ability
没有办法将这个计划付诸实现
for getting this project off the ground.
这．．我真的不能相信
他们再度批评他想做的事
And I just couldn't believe it yet again
they're criticising him for,
他要做的是件好事
for what he's trying to do
which is just a good thing.
他们就是不让他继续做下去
And they n't let him get on and do it.
时代新闻吗？
The Times sir?
它为什么被称为工程委员会？
Why is it called the Board of works
因为巴瑟杰特先生既没有钱
又没有权力，可以执行这些工作
when Mr Bazalgette had neither the money
nor the power to carry out the works.
巴瑟杰特与他的工作小组
修改计划5次之多
Bazalgette and his team redrew
the plans five times to try
设法得到政♥府♥的认可
and satisfy the government.
然而他的计划也被退了5次
And five times the plans were rejected.
在这段期间，污水仍不断堆积
All the while the sewage was piling up.
可怕的臭味笼罩住伦敦
A great stink enveloped London.
到了夏季，温度节节高升
实在是恶臭难当
As summer temperatures soared
the stench became unbearable.
害怕霍乱会再度爆发
绝大多数的国会议员都逃离了首都
Fearing that cholera would return all
but a few MPs fled from the capital.
喷洒石灰水是为了消除
来自河里的这股味道
This lime solution is designed to stop
the smell that comes off the river
这都是因为下水道的关系
which is due to all the sewerage
不过，我想喷洒石灰水
but er I think that the lime solution
is a lot worse than the stuff
跟原本计划的工程比起来差多了
that's supposed to be coming in.
现在国会里的空气就是毒气
The air now in parliament is poison.
空气都被污染了
The air is contaminated.
上下议院的管♥理♥员♥已经说了
The steward of the Houses
of Parliament has said
他再也不要
为大家的健康福祉负起责任
that he can no longer be responsible
for the welfare and health of the house.
虽然在1858年的夏天
并没有爆发霍乱的疫情
Even though there was no cholera outbreak
但味道比以往更加难闻
that summer of 1858
the smell was worse than ever.
恶臭秽气迫使国会不得不插手
The Great Stink had forced
parliament's hand.
臣服于大众的压力
国会议员们终于通过法案
Bowing to public pressure the honourable
members finally passed a bill
让巴瑟杰特着手执行
that gave Bazalgette the go ahead.
经过7年之久的计划
无穷无尽的挫败，反驳与失望难过
After seven years of planning, endless
setbacks, rejections and disappointments,
国会给了他3百万英镑
要他立刻开始施工
they gave him three million pounds,
and told him to start immediately.
伦敦的主要排水管
是来自泰晤士河的拦截水道
The main drainage of London
are the interception of sewage
终于开始动工了
from the River Thames
has finally commenced.
圆锹，铁铲加上十字镐
也取代了笔，墨水与争执
The spade, the shovel and the pick have
taken the place of pen, ink and debate.
巴瑟杰特要面对
巨大无比的任务
The task facing
Bazalgette is truly immense.
他们需要3亿1千8百万的砖块
Three hundred and eighteen
million bricks were needed
建造1千1百多英里的下水道
to build eleven hundred miles of sewer
将一年超过31万亿加仑的污水废物
带到远处
to carry away over thirty one billion
gallons of sewage a year.
这将会形成高水位水道的一部分
排放汉普斯特的污水
This will form part of the high level
sewer, draining down from Hampstead.
在你眼前的只是一小段
未来会是长5英里的沟渠
What you see before you is a small section
that will become a five mile trench.
最便宜的建造方式
就是采用挖掘回掩
The cheapest way to do
it was the cut and cover method.
先挖沟渠，建造下水道
再将泥土盖回到上面去
Dig the trench, build the sewer,
and fill the earth back in on top.
光是拿十字镐与铲子的工人
就有2万个
There's over twenty thousand of us
on the picks and shovels alone.
大多工作都得这么做
Most of the work will be done this way.
在沟渠里头挖掘回掩
Cut and cover in the trenches.
如果我们挖到这个下面的话
就要交给矿工了
Once we get any deeper than this
then it will be down to the miners.
真可怜
Poor sods.
这次工程的爆破部分
非常的危险
The mining part of the operation
was immensely dangerous.
首先，唯一防止工人被活埋的
But first the only thing to keep the men
是木头支架
from being buried alive
were timber supports.
等到整个工程建造完毕
支撑物就改成砖块
Once finished the whole system
relied on the strength of the bricks.
最重要的
还是要靠水泥将一切结合在一起
And above all the cement
that held them together.
巴瑟杰特的计划
意谓在伦敦的地下打造出蜂窝式的甬道
Bazalgette's plan meant creating
a honey comb of tunnels under London.
只要承受不住
整座城市将会大举崩♥盘♥
Any weakness and the City
would collapse on top of them.
水泥的选择是一个关键
The choice of cement was critical,
巴瑟杰特倾向于选择
没有试过的新材料，波特兰水泥
and Bazalgette opted for an untested
new material Portland cement.
我知道才华卓越的同事
I am aware that
my distinguished colleagues
布鲁奈尔先生与史蒂文森先生
抱持疑虑
Mr Brunel and Mr Stevenson
have doubts about this.
是的，确实它的价格也比较高
And yes,
it is considerably more expensive.
可是这种水泥最适合这个工程
But this cement is perfect for the job.
一碰到水就立刻变硬
It hardens on contact with water.
而且可以支撑很多很多年
It will last for many, many years.
我建造这个工程不只是为了这一代
也是为了未来的世代
I am building not merely for this
generation, but for generations to come.
巴瑟杰特的个人声誉
就要看这一次选择是否正确
Bazalgette's entire reputation
depended on this choice.
有一个问题
It's a problem,
混合的方式只要稍有不同
支撑的力量将会大幅降低
the slightest change in the mixture and
the strength is significantly reduced.
如果他出了差错
将会酿成莫大灾祸
If he got it wrong it would mean disaster.
巴瑟杰特排除万难
依然执着于使用这种波特兰水泥
Despite doubts Bazalgette remained
committed to the Portland Cement.
但是为了将风险降至最低
他引进一种严厉的测试方式
But to minimise risk he introduced
a rigorous system of testing,
确实创造出近代的质量管控
effectively inventing
modern quality control.
在我们正式使用前
我必须从每一批货抽查样品
I had to fetch a sample from every batch
before we could even touch it.
要试1百多英里
Over a hundred miles a time.
下水道工人就恰巧站在火在线
The sewer workers were right