了解宇宙是如何运行的（2010）

How the Universe Works S05E03

Part 7 April 18, 2021, 7:46 p.m.

同类相食和新鲜食物的结合
The combination of cannibalism and fresh food
使得黑洞变得超大
allows the black holes to grow super large.
也许这就是我们星系中心的
Perhaps this is how the supermassive black hole
超大质量黑洞年轻时的
at the center of our galaxy
成长过程
grew when it was young.
但是超大质量的人马座a星的
But what's the future
未来会怎样呢？
of our supermassive sagittarius "a"-star?
就超大质量黑洞而言
As far as supermassive black holes go,
人马座a星
sagittarius "a"-star
实际上还处于初级阶段
is actually still kind of in the minor leagues.
它很小因为它还没有完成
It's small. But it's not done yet.
它还在吃还在增长中
It's still eating. It's still growing.
在大约40亿年后
And in around 4 billion years,
它将会变大25倍
it's going to become 25 times larger,
因为它将会被它的邻居吃掉
because it's going to be eaten by its neighbor.
巨大的仙女座星系正朝我们走来
The giant Andromeda galaxy is heading our way.
它将吞噬我们的银河系
And it's going to engulf our milky way.
当星系合并时
hen galaxies merge,
它们中心的超大质量黑洞也会合并
their central supermassive black holes merge.
仙女座巨大的超大质量黑洞
Andromeda's huge supermassive black hole
将把人马座a星拖进轨道……
will drag sagittarius "a"-star into orbit...
……慢慢地把它拉近
...gradually drawing it closer and closer
直到它把它吞噬
until it devours it.
这个新的超大质量黑洞的质量
The new supermassive black hole will weigh
大约是太阳的1亿倍
around 100 million solar masses.
但对新星系的破坏
But the disruption to the new galaxy
将为新的超大质量黑洞
will provide the new supermassive black hole
提供大量食物
with plenty to eat
并有机会变得更大
and the opportunity to grow a whole lot bigger.
目前，关于超大质量黑洞
At present, there are many theories
如何变得如此巨大的理论有很多
of how supermassive black holes get so big.
最有可能的是，这是所有因素的组合
Most likely, it's a combination of them all.
但无论它是如何发生的，我们都可以确定
But however it happens, we can be pretty sure
它是宇宙中最壮观的事情之一
it's one of the most spectacular things in the universe.
超大质量黑洞是如何变得如此巨大的
The jury's still out on exactly
目前还没有定论
how supermassive black holes become so massive.
要想研究所有我们看到的黑洞
making all the black holes we see
可能需要很多不同的“食谱”
probably requires a pretty diverse cookbook.
所以任何物理学家如果想要找到一个
So any physicist who's looking for a really simple,
非常简单的答案来解释它们是如何形成的
single answer for how they get made,
他们可能会失望的
they're probably gonna be disappointed.
这可能是一件非常复杂的事情
It's probably a pretty complex thing that's going on.
可能是通过进食也可以通过合并来实现
It could be through eating. It could be through merging.
可以通过进食和融合
It could be through eating and merging.
通常，答案是介于两者之间
And usually, the answer is somewhere in the middle.
所以它们会和其他黑洞合并
So they will merge with other black holes.
在合并期间，他们也会有一些小食
And they'll also have a few snacks between mergers.