非凡仪式（2018）

In the days following the birth,
家人们认为幽灵仍旧威胁着孩子的生命
the family believes the spirits are still a danger.
直到二十年前 卡雅波人
Until 20 years ago, the Kayapo
才第一次接触到现代医药
had no access to modern medicine.
许多婴儿在襁褓中夭折
Many babies died in infancy.
为了保护新生的男婴
To protect the new baby boy,
这家人进行了一系列的仪式
the family performs a series of rituals.
首先 奶奶用草药替他沐浴
First, Granny bathes him with medicinal plants
来保护他的皮肤
to protect his skin.
要给他的耳朵打洞来让他感知世界
His ears are pierced to open his senses to the world.
按照我们的传统 婴儿必须要打耳洞
当他再大些 还会用木头去撑大耳洞
最后一层保护
The final layer of protection
由热尼帕波水果制成的颜料组成
comes from the dye of a Jenipapo fruit.
艾琳妮加和她妈妈在他脸上涂彩
Irene and her mother paint his face
既是表达爱意
as an expression of love,
也是为了稳固他的魂魄
and to keep his soul inside his body.
看 他在笑
艾琳妮加的第一个孩子的出世意味着
The birth of her first child means
她也该举♥行♥自己的仪式了
Irene must undergo rituals of her own.
为了迎接她的成人礼
Her body is painted red
她的身体被涂成红色
to celebrate her rite of passage into adulthood.
我的女儿将在今天成为女人
我们的第一个孩子出生后
我们得去河里 这是我们的传统
我们过去如此 今后也会一直如此
所有卡雅波女孩都剃掉头发
All Kayapo girls have their heads shaved
来显示她们和宇宙间的联♥系♥
to show their connection to the universe.
她们护送艾琳妮加进入河里
They escort Irene into the river,
在那里她最后一次以女孩的身份
where she swims with them
和她们一起游泳
for the last time as a girl.
当艾琳妮加上岸后 她将被承认成为女人
When she emerges, Irene will be recognised as a woman.
她的孩子的出生意味着她的成年
The birth of her baby is a coming-of-age,
在村里 为她赋予了崭新的身份
giving her a new status in the village.
我现在成人了 有一个儿子叫我妈妈
他未来也会像我们一样组成家庭
当我们长大 仪式为我们标记
As we grow older, rituals help us
从孩童到成人的转变
mark the transition from child to adult.
但有些成人礼极其危险
But sometimes a rite of passage involves huge risks.
在南非约翰内斯堡的郊区
In the suburbs of Johannesburg, South Africa,
男孩们冒着生命危险扒着火车兜风
boys gamble with their lives by train surfing.
尽管时有伤亡 帮派们竞相比试
Despite frequent deaths, gangs compete
尝试最危险的动作
to pull off the most dangerous moves.
在巴不亚新几内亚
And in Papua New Guinea,
卡尼加拉的男孩们
boys of the Kaningara
将经受一场异常疼痛的仪式
take part in an exceptionally painful ritual
来证明他们已经准备好成为男人
to prove they are ready to become men.
这种古老的成人礼起源于传说
This ancient initiation is inspired by legend.
一位叫马西沃的村民用鳄鱼的鳞片
A villager called Marsivo gained the power
割破皮肤留下疤痕
of a crocodile's spirit
从而获得了鳄鱼的力量
by scarring his skin with its scales.
今天 卡尼加拉人还在践行这项割肤仪式
Today, the Kaningara still use this skin-cutting ritual
将成为男人的象征永久刻在他们的身体上
to mark the transition to manhood on their body for life.
现在是一月份
It's January.
六位准成人正在神屋里隐居
Six initiates are hidden away in the spirit house,
这里是村庄中最神圣的地方
the most sacred place in the village.
两天后 他们将经历割肤仪式
In two days, they'll undergo the skin-cutting ceremony.
约翰正是其中一位
Among them is John.
现在我还是一个男孩
一旦通过仪式 我就成了一个大男人
我就能有力量去战斗
去建造房♥屋
成为一个强壮的男人
约翰和其它准成人已经在神屋里
John and the other initiates have been in total seclusion
与世隔绝了六个月
in the spirit house for six months.
他们脸上的泥意味着他们正处于
The mud on their faces signifies their state of limbo
男孩到男人的过渡阶段
between two worlds, of boy and man.
每天 长老们都会教导这些囚困于此的少年
Every day, the elders instruct their captive audience.
我教给他们我们的精神 规则和文化
他们未来会成为优秀的老师和领袖
我们要让他们的身体保持柔软充盈
来为割肤做准备
为了帮助自己忍♥受割肤的疼痛
To help him bear the pain of the incisions,
约翰一直在储备脂肪
John has been building up fat.
他的母亲玛蒂尔达每天把丰盛的食物
Each day, large meals are sent to the spirit house
送到神屋 这里是她的禁区
by his mother, Matilda, who is banned from entering.
我已经六个月没见到他了
约翰以前很瘦
但去了神屋后
他吃鱼 西米 大米 鱼罐头 面
他现在肯定已经又肥又壮了
今天是约翰成人礼的第一天
Today is the first day of John's rite of passage.
男孩们排成鳄鱼的造型走出神屋
The boys leave the spirit house in the shape of a crocodile,
旁边的守卫负责将他们与母亲隔离
with guardians sheltering them from their mothers.
卡尼加拉人认为女人孕育了男孩
The Kaningara said that women give birth to boys,
但只有男人才能让男孩们成人
but only men can turn them into adults.
这是第一项考验
This is the first test.
约翰绝对不能理会玛蒂尔达
John mustn't respond to Matilda,
才能证明他们母子亲缘已完全断绝
to prove that all maternal ties between them have been cut.
然后准成人被领了回去
The initiates are then led back
进入神屋 为接下来
into the spirit house to prepare for
痛苦的仪式做准备
the extreme ritual to come.
夜幕降临 长老们
As night falls, the elders
召唤鳄鱼神奈舒特
summon up the crocodile spirit, Nashut.
这样男孩们可以借助祂的勇气和力量
So the boys can take on his courage and strength
以承受割肤仪式的痛苦
to endure the pain of the cutting ceremony.
我想被切割皮肤 完成仪式
这样我才能成为一名男子汉
如果我没有足够的勇气
那我就不属于这里
黎明之际 仪式开始了
At dawn, the ritual begins.
约翰的躯干上要割出数百个小型创口
Hundreds of small cuts are made on John's torso.
每一道都象征着鳄鱼神的咬伤
Each one is seen as a bite from the crocodile spirit.
他们割伤我的时候 我很痛
我可以听到刀锋切割皮肤的声音
我有一点害怕
鳄鱼头已经被刻在了他的胸前
With the crocodile's head carved into his front,
尾巴马上要被刻在背后
its tail is now cut into his back.
割肤仪式令我们与众不同
我们的文化同伤疤同在
好痛啊
你现在是个男子汉了 起来
我很骄傲
他现在能像男子汉一样生活 工作
不论遇到什么事 都要像男子汉一样面对
作为男子汉 我感觉和以前完全不一样了
我进入了新的生活阶段
女孩子看到我 就知道我已经可以成家了
一旦成人 许多人就开始寻找伴侣
Once we reach adulthood, many of us look for a partner,
一个可以共度一生的完美对象
that perfect someone to share our lives with.
在中国西南山区中
In the mountains of south-west China,
青少年可以参加一系列相亲活动
teenagers can take part in a series of matchmaking rituals
它们的历史可以追溯到公元七世纪
dating back to the seventh century.
十六岁的邢梅希望在相亲活动中
16-year-old Xing Mae is hoping to find a boyfriend
找到男朋友
during the matchmaking ceremonies.
妈妈 好痛
我的脖子好凉
你得打扮得漂漂亮亮的
邢梅来自长角苗族
Xing Mae is from the Long Horn Miao,
因他们用木角固定头发而得名
named after the wooden horns used to tie up their hair.
几百年来 苗族女性用已逝女性长辈的头发
For centuries, Miao women have created elaborate headdresses
编织出了非常繁复的头饰
that include the hair of their dead female ancestors.
这些头发保存的真好
妈妈 我痛得想打人
过去 姑娘们在田间劳作时带着这些头饰
In the past, girls wore the hair while working in the fields
以吓跑野生动物
to scare off wild animals.
现在 只有特殊场合才用得到它们
Today, it's only brought out for special occasions.
那些小伙子什么时候到啊
山谷的另一边 男孩子们也在为相亲活动的
Across the valley, boys are also getting ready for the first day
第一天做准备
of matchmaking.
十九岁的沈东专门从大学回家十天
19-year-old Shendong is back from college,
来参加活动 找女朋友
home for just ten days to find a girlfriend.
太紧了 松一点
你弄错了
在女孩子面前要表现最好的一面
以后还有机会 妈妈
你真是个笨蛋
沈东早已倾心于一位姑娘
Shendong has already set his heart on a girl,
是邢梅的一个朋友
a friend of Xing Mae's.
像这里的大部分女孩一样
Like most girls here,
邢梅早已有了一门娃娃亲
Xing Mae is already engaged to marry a man chosen by her family.
如果邢梅在仪式中能找到一个新男朋友
If Xing Mae finds a new boyfriend during the ceremonies,
她就可以取消婚约
she can call off her engagement.
相亲活动该开始了
It's time for the matchmaking to begin.
男孩子们都被鼓励在苗族内结婚
The boys are encouraged to marry within the Miao people,
他们将拜访本地所有十二个村庄的女孩子们
and will visit girls in all 12 villages of the region.