奇迹之地（2015）

And for at least 3,000 years, it has also been home to the
姆本杰尔人的家园
Mbendjele people.
他们唱着歌♥
THEY CHANT
蒙贝鲁村
The village of Mombelu.
距离最近的城市超过60英里，距离最近的道路30英里
Over 60 miles from the nearest city and 30 miles from the nearest road.
姆本杰尔人主要是狩猎采集
The Mbendjele are primarily hunter-gatherers.
他们吃的大部分来自森林
Most of what they eat comes from the forest.
尼姆依靠他的传统狩猎技能
Niemu relies on his traditional hunting skills
获得很多的猎物
to catch much of their game.
他是村里最好的猎人之一
He is one of the top hunters in the village.
但他最近没怎么打猎
But he hasn't been doing much hunting lately.
他的妻子几个月前去世了，
His wife died a few months ago,
让他一个人和他们的三个小孩在一起
leaving him alone with their three small children.
根据姆本杰尔的习俗，
Under Mbendjele custom,
死者家属受到各种限制
all sorts of restrictions are placed on the deceased's family.
Niemu不被允许洗衣服
Niemu's not been allowed to wash or
也不换衣服，在六个月内
change his clothes for over six months
而且他不被允许 带领狩猎
and he's not been allowed to lead a hunt.
但是现在，他的哀悼期已经结束
But now, his mourning period has ended.
整个村子都需要参与进来
The whole village needs to be involved.
根据传统，
But according to tradition,
在开始集体活动之前，每个人都必须达成一致
everyone must be in agreement before embarking on a group activity.
但民♥主♥需要时间
But democracy takes time.
最后，两个小时后，每个人都有了发言权，
Finally, after two hours, everyone has had their say,
狩猎开始
and the hunt is on.
村民们将使用一个巨大的网
The villagers are going to use a giant net.
他们是中非最后以这种方式狩猎的群体之一
They are one of the last groups in Central Africa to hunt in this way.
由藤本植物的树皮编织而成，
Woven from the bark of the liana tree,
这些网有几百英尺长
the nets can be hundreds of feet long.
但在它们捕猎之前，必须修复
But before they can hunt, it must be repaired.
一旦设备准备好，
Once the equipment's ready,
是时候进行下一阶段的准备
it's time for the next stage of preparations.
在任何大型狩猎活动开始之前，
Before any major hunt can take place,
必须召唤森林的神灵来帮助猎人
a spirit of the forest must be summoned to aid the hunters.
这是通过一个精心设计的仪式完成的，名为mokondi Masana
This is done with an elaborate ceremony called the mokondi massana.
一个村民被树叶覆盖着
One villager is shrouded in leaves
要成为森林神灵，必须
to become the forest spirit and must
被村里的其他人喊醒
be brought to life by the rest of the village.
他们唱得越好，跳得越好，他们明天就猎到越多的肉
The better they sing and dance, the more meat they'll catch tomorrow.
第二天早上
Next morning...
整个村子都出发去狩猎场
..the entire village sets out for the hunting grounds.
Niemu可能在协调狩猎队，
Niemu might be coordinating the hunting party,
但每个人都有自己的角色
but everyone has a part to play.
网捕就像陆地拖网渔船捕鱼一样
Net hunting is like dry land trawler fishing.
作为一个团队，他们在树间撒网
Working as a team, they stretch their net between the trees.
陷阱设好了
The trap is set.
他们大声喊
THEY SHOUT
那些叫喊的，会把藏在灌木丛里的动物赶出去
The men shouting will flush out any animals hiding in the undergrowth...
…把他们赶向网前
..driving them towards the net.
女人们在网后面等着
The women wait behind the nets.
一只动物冲出掩护
An animal breaks cover...
然后直接跑进陷阱
..and runs straight into the trap.
只是一只小豪猪
But it's only a small porcupine.
不幸的是，这片森林没有别的东西
And, unfortunately, the forest offers up nothing else.
对他们来说，这种微薄的采摘已经变得太熟悉了
Slender pickings like this have become all too familiar for them
近年来
over recent years.
对灌木肉的需求
The demand for bush meat in the
城市里出现了商业猎手前来
cities has seen the arrival of commercial hunters in the area.
它对动物种群产生了巨大的影响。
It's had an enormous impact on the animal population.
中非雨林是
The Central African rainforest is
世界上最非凡的自然奇观之一，
one of the world's most extraordinary natural wonders,
但是快速变化同时影响着动物和
but one where rapid change is affecting both the animals and the
人类，称之为家的地方
humans that call it home.
人类发展正在侵蚀世界许多荒野的地区
Human development is encroaching on areas of wilderness in many parts of the world.
随着人口的急剧增长，
And as the dramatic rise in population continues,
一些自然奇观的扩张让人和动物相互竞争
expansion in some natural wonders is leaving people and animals competing
为了空间。
for space.
印度
India.
其北部边界，
Marking its northern border,
地球上最著名的自然奇观之一
one of the most famous natural wonders on Earth...
喜马拉雅山
..the Himalaya.
在白雪覆盖的山峰中，形成了巨大的冰川
Among the snow-capped peaks, vast glaciers have formed.
还有从高处流下来的融水
And the meltwaters that flow down from the heights
滋养下面大♥片♥的森林和丛林
feed a web of forests and jungles lying below.
喜马拉雅山的山麓
These are the foothills of the Himalaya.
一幅由郁郁葱葱的山谷组成的美丽织锦
A beautiful tapestry of lush green valleys...
…这里有各种各样的动物
..home to an incredible range of animals.
尤其是亚洲象
Not least among them, the Asian elephant.
每年冬天，数百只这样的动物从山上下来
Every winter, hundreds of these animals come down from the mountain
到达阿萨姆邦低地的森林
forests to the lowlands of Assam.
但多年来，
But over the years,
原始森林已被砍伐，变成为阿萨姆邦都知道的
virgin forest has been cleared to make way for Assam's renowned
茶园
tea plantations.
一大群采茶工人紧随其后，
An army of tea pickers have followed,
他们的许多家园直接坐落在大象
and many of their homes lie directly on the elephants'
古老的迁徙路线上
ancient migration routes.
这是冲突的原因
It's a recipe for trouble.
大象被吸引到村庄寻找食物
Elephants are drawn to the villages in search of food.
在这个过程中，践踏庄稼和毁坏房♥屋
In the process, trampling crops and damaging houses.
在整个阿萨姆邦，大象每年平均杀死65人
Across Assam, elephants kill an average of 65 people every year.
但有一个地区的村民有防御措施
But the villagers of one region have a defence
针对迁徙的象群
against the migrating herds.
成立了 大象急救服务
The elephant emergency service.
一群训练有素的驯化大象被称为
A team of highly trained domesticated elephants known as
kumkis，和他们的骑手
kumkis and their riders.
巴布卢·塔帕就是其中之一。他是个管象人，
Bablu Thapa is one of them. He's a mahout,
古代驯象师的成员
member of the ancient profession of elephant handlers.
一个驯兽师和他的kumki之间有着深厚的联♥系♥
The bond between a mahout and his kumki runs deep.
巴布卢能够与kumkis交流，因为它们懂得
Bablu is able to communicate with the kumkis because they understand
30多个指令
up to 30 commands.
他知道如何从他们那里得到最好的东西
And he knows just how to get the best from them.
马修和他们的kumkis工作
The mahouts and their kumkis work
与阿萨姆邦林业部一起
alongside Assam's forestry department to
保护分布在240平方英里范围内的100个村庄
protect 100 villages spread over 240 square miles.
他们随时待命处理
They're on stand-by to deal with
野生大象每天24小时都有紧急情况
wild elephant emergencies 24 hours a day.
现在是十一月，大象
It's November, and the elephant
迁徙季节正处于绝对高峰期
migration season is at its absolute peak.
总部处于高度戒备状态
The HQ's on high alert.
当村民发现野生大象时
When villagers spot wild elephants
接近他们的家时，他们打电♥话♥给总部
approaching their homes, they call HQ.
一队kumkis马上就被派出去
A pair of kumkis are immediately dispatched
保护相关村民
to protect the concerned villagers.
对于巴布卢和大象急救服务，
For Bablu and the elephant emergency service,
这通常是一场与时间的赛跑
it's often a race against time.
巴布卢和kumkis通常都会跨越
Bablu and the kumkis usually go by
这个乡村最直接的路线
the most direct route across country.
在这种地形上，到达一个村庄可能需要几个小时
On this terrain, it can take several hours to reach a village
而且，在他们到达之前，村民们只能靠自己
and, until they arrive, the villagers are on their own.
在塞萨，村民们已经统计到大约30头大象正在靠近
At Sesa, the villagers have counted around 30 elephants approaching.
由于大象是受保护物种，
But as elephants are a protected species,
村民如果用武力保卫家园是违法的
it's illegal for the villagers to use force to defend their homes.
当巴布卢和库姆基斯到达时，他们依靠一种更巧妙的
When Bablu and the kumkis arrive, they rely on a more subtle
驱赶野生群的技术，大象心理特点
technique to drive wild herds away, elephant psychology.
大象生活在紧密的家庭中
Elephants live in tight family groups
而且，作为一项规则，他们将避免与敌对团体发生冲突
and, as a rule, they will avoid conflict with rival groups.
所以，驯兽师们用kumkis来对抗野生大象，
So, the mahouts use the kumkis to confront the wild elephants and
把他们赶出村庄
drive them away from villages.
话虽这么说，但首先他们必须到达那里
That's the theory, but first they have to get there.
与此同时，这取决于村民
In the meantime, it's up to villagers
尽他们所能保护野生象群