地球壮观河流之旅 Ⅱ（2022）

每秒流量550万升
discharging 5.5 million litres per second.
现在这条浩瀚的河流
This now mighty river...
流向罗马尼亚边境
..flows on towards the border with Romania
这是它史诗般的旅程中最后的里程碑
and one of the last great landmarks on its epic journey.
铁门峡谷
The Iron Gate gorge.
90英里长，但宽度仅为150米
90 miles long, yet narrowing to just 150 metres wide.
几千年来，
For thousands of years,
这条河上的所有船只，都必须经过这座令人望而生畏的大门
all traffic on the river had to pass this daunting gateway.
狭窄的峡谷，高耸的悬崖，
The narrow gorge, with towering cliffs,
因其危险的急流和漩涡而口碑很差
was infamous for its dangerous rapids and whirlpools...
使乘船航行极其危险
..making passage in a boat extremely treacherous.
到了20世纪70年代，
But in the 1970s,
多瑙河的这一部分永远改变了
this part of the Danube was changed forever...
工程师们为了利用河流的重力能
..when engineers harnessed the river's power
建造了铁门大坝
and created the Iron Gates Dam...
欧洲最大的水电站之一
..one of the largest hydroelectric plants in Europe.
这是一项伟大的工程壮举
This giant feat of engineering
产生550万兆瓦的电力，
produces five and a half million megawatts of electricity,
罗马尼亚和塞尔维亚有2500万人依赖它
relied upon by 25 million people in Romania and Serbia.
一个对两个国家都有影响的超级大坝
A super-structure that has had an impact on both people...
还有那条河
..and the river.
过了水坝往下，
Below the dam,
多瑙河进入罗马尼亚和保加利亚的低地
the Danube enters the lowlands of Romania and Bulgaria.
在这些水域中，有一群动物
In these waters, there is one group of animals
受到了上游人为屏障的严重影响
that has been deeply affected by the man-made barrier upstream.
一种真正的深水大鱼
A true monster of the deep...
鲟鱼
..the sturgeon.
有些种类的鲟鱼，比如白鲸，
Some species of sturgeon, such as the Beluga,
寿命超过100年，长到6米长，
live for over 100 years and grow up to six metres long,
鲨鱼那么大
the size of a shark.
但正是它们的鱼卵让它们出名，
But it's their eggs that have made them famous,
作为豪华鱼子酱出♥售♥，
sold as luxury caviar,
并运往世界各地
and shipped around the world.
作为流入黑海的主要河流之一，
As one of the major rivers draining into the Black Sea,
多瑙河是鲟鱼重要的产卵地
the Danube is a vital spawning ground for sturgeon.
但过度捕捞、污染和水坝建设，
But overfishing, pollution and the construction of dams,
阻止它们回到上游产卵，
which have blocked them from their spawning grounds upstream,
意味着这个河流巨物几乎消失了
mean this river giant has all but disappeared.
现在，鲟鱼被认为是濒危物种
Now, sturgeon are thought to be more critically endangered
比任何其他种群还要濒危
than any other group of species...
在这个星球上
..on the planet.
对一个人来说，它们的未来是值得为之奋斗的
For one person, their future is something worth fighting for.
这是我的激♥情♥
It's my passion.
我想一直这么做
I want to do it all the time.
鲍里斯拉瓦
Borislava Margaritova,
一位在保加利亚工作的鱼类生物学家，
a fish biologist working in Bulgaria,
正在努力保护多瑙河及其鱼类的健康，
is trying to conserve the health of the Danube and its fish,
尤其是四种极为罕见的鲟鱼，仍然在这里被发现
especially four species of extremely rare sturgeon still found here.
多瑙河是最后一条河
The Danube is the last river
在欧洲，它们自然繁殖
in Europe that they spawn naturally.
所以我们试图保护它们，因为它们现在非常罕见
So we try to protect them because they're very rare now.
今天，她要和她的团队出去调查这条河
Today, she's going out with her team to survey the river.
我们早上五点就来
We are on the river at five in the morning
大部分时间都工作到晚上，
and we work most of the time until the evening time,
晚上十点
ten in the evening.
这取决于我们抓到了什么
It depends what we catch.
他们希望用渔网找到一些鱼来进行研究
Using nets, they hope to find some fish for their research.
但是在这么大的一条河里，
But in such a large river,
这么小的一个团队，
and with a small team,
说实话，并不容易
it's not going to be easy.
在做这项工作的九年里，
In nine years of doing this work,
鲍里斯拉瓦和她的团队只捕获了六条鲟鱼
Borislava and her team have only ever caught six sturgeon.
这很难
It's very difficult.
你在河上和船上待了八到九个小时，
You spend eight, nine hours on the river, on the boat,
你拿起网，你会看到空网
and you pick up the nets, and you see the empty nets.
会让我很沮丧
It's very frustrating for me.
但总是有希望的
But there is always hope.
今天确实是一个非常特别的日子
And today is a very special day indeed.
对
Yes!
他喊道
HE SHOUTS
他们欢呼
THEY CHEER
难以置信的是，这个团队不是捕获了一条鲟鱼，还是两条
Incredibly, the team catch not just one sturgeon, but two.
比有名的白鲸小，但同样珍贵
Smaller than the famous Beluga, but no less precious.
一条小鲟鱼，
A young sterlet sturgeon,
估计在三到五岁之间
estimated to be between three and five years old.
还有一条发光的鲟鱼，
And a starry sturgeon,
五到七岁之间
between five and seven years old.
哦
Woo!
这对小组来说，是一个巨大的成绩
It's a huge result for the team.
我们花了几个月的时间捕捉这些试样，
We try to catch these specimens for months,
所以这是非常罕见的
so it's very rare.
我们很幸运，啊哈！
We are lucky. Ah-ha!
就像有人过生日一样
It's like when somebody have a birthday
你有了想要的很多人给的礼物，
and you have this present that you want for many,
很多年
many years...
他欢呼
HE CHEERS
你拥有它，不是一条，你还拥有两条
..and you have it, and it's not only one, you have both.
他们用宝贵的时间和鱼在一起
They use their precious time with the fish
记录重要数据，
to record important data,
包括尺寸和重量
including size and weight.
小心地贴上标签，
And carefully attach tags,
这样他们就可以监控鱼的活动
so they can monitor the fish's movements.
鲍里斯拉瓦并没有忘记这一特别相遇的重要性
The significance of this unique encounter is not lost on Borislava.
鲟鱼就像多瑙河上的旗舰
The sturgeons are like a flagship on the Danube.
所以，如果鲟鱼还在这里，
So, if the sturgeon are still here,
我们将知道这条河是健康的
we will know that the river is healthy.
还有一条路可以走
There is a way to go.
但现在，鲍里斯拉瓦可以庆祝这场小小的胜利
But, for now, Borislava can celebrate this small victory.
再见，宝贝
Bye, baby.
希望保护工作再努力，
It's hoped that conservation efforts,
比如重新补充和保护迁徙路线，
like restocking and protecting migration routes,
也许会给这些标志性的鱼一个未来
might just give these iconic fish a future.
多瑙河终于到达
The Danube has finally arrived
史诗之旅的最后阶段，
at the last stage of its epic journey,
最大的转变放在最后
saving the greatest transformation till last.
多瑙河三角洲
The Danube Delta.
经过罗马尼亚和乌克兰，
Passing through Romania and Ukraine,
这条浩瀚的河流终于自♥由♥了
this mighty river finally breaks free.
将近2000平方英里的地方，
At almost 2,000 square miles,
这是欧洲最大的未受人类干扰的湿地
this is the largest undisturbed wetland in Europe.
只有坐船才能到达
Only fully accessible by boat.
狭窄的河道穿过河岸森林
Narrow channels pass through riverine forests
柳树和杨树
of willow and poplar.
向淡水沼泽开放
Opening out into freshwater marshes...
有芦苇的边缘
..fringed with reedbeds...
……还有被睡莲覆盖的广阔湖泊
..and vast lakes covered in water lilies.
欧洲人口最少的地方之一
One of Europe's least inhabited places...
为野生动物的繁衍提供了空间
..giving space for wildlife to thrive.
这里有5000多种动植物
More than 5,000 animal and plant species are found here.
三角洲是全球重要的鸟类栖息地，
The Delta is a globally important destination for birds,
有些从遥远的非洲和亚洲迁徙来繁殖，
some migrating from as far away as Africa and Asia to breed,
像胡子燕鸥和鳞翅苍鹭
like Whiskered Terns and Squacco Herons.
还有一种鸟让多瑙河三角洲成为了自己的家园
And one bird that has made the Danube Delta its own.
大白鹈鹕
The Great White Pelican.
有17000对繁殖后代
With 17,000 breeding pairs...
这是世界上最大的聚居地
..this is the largest colony in the world
在非洲以外，他们的数量正在增加
outside of Africa and their numbers are increasing.
仅仅几个月，
For just a few months,
它们会在这里筑巢，在三角洲觅食
they'll nest here and feed on the Delta's bounty...
…组成庞大的鸟群，一起享用鱼类
..working together in giant flotillas to feast on fish.