地球壮观河流之旅 Ⅱ（2022）

地球上的大河
Earth's great rivers...
…进行非凡的旅行
..make extraordinary journeys.
…穿越大♥陆♥，
Carving through continents.
…抚养和延续生命
Feeding and connecting life.
…培育文化
Nurturing culture.
…提供一个冒险的地方
Providing a place for adventure.
从育空区冰冷的荒野
From the frozen wilderness of the Yukon...
到赞比西热带的炎热
..to the tropical heat of the Zambezi...
…还有多瑙河神奇而隐蔽的世界
..and the magical, hidden worlds of the Danube.
大河是地球的命脉
Great rivers are the lifeblood of planet Earth.
地球壮观河流Ⅱ
育空河
在北美的最高位置有一条传说中的河流
At the top of North America is a legendary river...
穿过地球上最荒凉的地区
..flowing through some of the wildest country on Earth.
坚韧的
Relentless.
巨大的
Immense.
对于第一民族来说，它被视为一条大河
For the First Nation people, it's seen as the Great River.
生命的给予者
The Giver Of Life.
它的天然富有长♥期♥支撑着所有这些
Its natural riches have long sustained all those
生活在河岸边的生命
that live along its banks.
它聚集水流
It gathers its waters...
…从广阔的冰原
..from vast ice fields...
…到大湖
..and great lakes...
从山间溪流
..from mountain streams...
到冰冻平原
..and tundra plains...
无论在哪里都能带来生命
..and brings life wherever it touches.
它似乎无所不能，但另外的自然力正在发挥作用
It seems all-powerful, but another force is at work here.
北极冬天的寒冷
The cold of the Arctic winter.
当它来袭时，这条河换颜了
When it strikes, this river is transformed.
它变成了一条冰河
It becomes a river of ice.
一条冰冻的公路，许多生物将依靠它，
A frozen highway, upon which many will depend,
度过漫长而黑暗的冬天
during the long, dark winter.
从冰封的生命线
From icebound lifeline...
…转变成自♥由♥流动的巨河
..to free-flowing giant.
这是加拿大的育空河
This is the Yukon.
北美冰冻的大河
North America's great frozen river.
在2000英里的范围内，育空河呈一个巨大的弧形流动
For 2,000 miles, the Yukon flows in a great arc
穿过加拿大西北部和阿♥拉♥斯加中部，到达太平洋
through northwest Canada and central Alaska to the Pacific Ocean.
一路上，
Along the way,
汇集比英国大四倍的地区水源
it gathers water from an area four times larger than Great Britain.
它的故事始于近海的山脉深处
But its story begins deep in the coastal mountain ranges
不列颠哥伦比亚省
of British Columbia.
朱诺冰原，
The Juneau Icefield,
1500平方英里，近一英里深
1,500 square miles and nearly a mile deep.
来自这些冰川的夏季融水
The flood of summer meltwater from these glaciers
为育空河的出海之旅，提供了丰富的水源
fuels the Yukon on its journey to the sea.
在这遥远的北方，季节变化很快
But this far north, the seasons change quickly.
随着秋季气温降至零度以下，
As autumn temperatures plummet below zero,
育空河的水龙头关闭了
the Yukon's tap turns off.
很快，整条河都被冰层覆盖
Soon, the entire river is hidden beneath a shield of ice.
尽管十月很寒冷，
Despite the October chill,
育空河的一条偏远支流，仍然不结冰
one of the Yukon's remote tributaries remains ice-free.
在渔支河，
In Fishing Branch River,
温泉从地下深处渗出，
thermal springs percolate from deep underground,
加热溪流，使其保持流动
warming the stream just enough to keep it flowing.
这为育空地区一些最坚强的角色创造了机会
It creates an opportunity for some of the Yukon's toughest characters.
几周来，
For weeks,
三文鱼一直在太平洋长途跋涉
chum salmon have been battling their way upstream from the Pacific.
他们在严寒中，游了1500多英里，
Racing the freeze, they have swum over 1,500 miles,
跟踪一种久违的踪迹，到达他们的产卵床
following a long-remembered scent to reach their spawning beds.
到达后，雌性挖掘浅层的凹沟、
On arrival, the females excavate shallow scrapes,
或者砾石中的产卵区
or redds, in the gravel.
在它们周围，钩颚雄性为争夺最佳位置而争斗
Around them, the hook-jawed males tussle for prime position.
它们需要靠近，才能使成千上万的卵子受精
They need to be close to fertilise the thousands of eggs
雌鱼排卵到巢穴中
the females release into their nests.
但在浅滩上呆太久，会让它们很脆弱
But spending so much time in the shallows leaves them vulnerable.
多达40只灰熊来到这条小溪
Up to 40 grizzly bears visit the creek
在短暂的产卵季节
during the brief spawning season.
气温在零下30度，
With air temperatures at 30 below,
湿漉漉的皮毛很快就会结冰，使熊身上结了一层霜
wet fur quickly freezes, coating the bears in frost.
这些是育空冰熊
These are the Yukon's ice bears.
独特的是，因为这些迟来的鲑鱼，他们仍然可以捕猎
Unique, because the late salmon run means they can still hunt
尤其当其他灰熊已经冬眠的时候
when other grizzlies are already hibernating.
这些幼崽可能缺乏创新精神，
These cubs may lack the pioneering spirit.
他们的母亲当然不会。
Their mother certainly does not.
她把当天的第一次捕猎留给自己
She keeps the first catch of the day for herself.
她的幼崽饿了
Her cubs are hungry
不想错过早餐
and determined not to miss out on breakfast.
幼熊只需要找到一条过河的路
They just need to find a way across the river.
太慢了
Too slow.
妈妈直接回到了小溪里
Mum's straight back in the stream...
第二顿早餐
..chasing a second breakfast.
当她的直接攻击无效时，她轻轻地用爪子拍水，
When her direct attack doesn't work, she gently paws the water,
刺♥激♥鲑鱼进入浅滩
encouraging the salmon into the shallows
在那里，就可以抓住它们
where they can be picked off.
如果捕猎得好，她每天能吃到30公斤鱼
If the fishing is good, she will eat 30 kilos every day...
享用最多汁、能量丰富的部分，
..feasting on the juiciest, energy-rich parts,
鱼卵和鱼皮
like eggs and skin.
但随着鲑鱼数量的减少，
But as the salmon run dwindles,
就连干瘪的鱼头也开始秀色可餐
even old fish heads start to look appetising.
熊需要增加足够的体重
The bears need to put on enough weight
让他们度过漫长的冬天
to see them through the long winter.
经过一天艰苦的捕鱼，蹭来蹭去帮助他们除霜
After a hard day's fishing, a good scratch helps them defrost.
一旦鱼消失无踪，
Once the fish are gone,
即使是这些坚韧的冰熊，也会打道回府
even these tough ice bears will retire to their dens
开始冬眠睡觉
to bed down for hibernation.
随着北半球不对着太阳，
As the northern hemisphere faces away from the sun,
强烈的寒冷，在育空河弥漫开来
an intense cold now settles along the Yukon.
横跨加拿大北部和阿♥拉♥斯加，
Across northern Canada and Alaska,
育空河被封锁在几米厚的冰下
the Yukon is locked away beneath several metres of ice.
它将被冻结长达六个多月
It will stay frozen for six months or more.
气温骤降至零下50度
Temperatures tumble to -50.
随着冬季暴风雪席卷育空山谷
As winter blizzards sweep along the Yukon Valley...
坚硬的河冰被雪覆盖
..the hard river ice is blanketed by snow.
在一个几乎没有道路的地方，
In a land with few roads,
这条冰冻的河流成了穿过森林的公路
the frozen river becomes a highway through the forest.
在这些冰路行走，所需的雪橇技术
And the skills needed to run these ice roads
仍在育空地区蓬勃应用
still flourish along the Yukon.
我一生都在这条河上穿行
I've been travelling on the river my whole life.
凯拉·博文是一名狗拉雪橇赛手
Kyla Boivin is a dog-sled racer
冰冻的育空河是她的赛道
and the frozen Yukon is her racetrack.
我喜欢每一英里的变化
I like how it all changes from mile to mile.
这片土地太大了
The land is so big.
这是北方的公路，对吗？
It's the highway of the north, right?
她正在训练她的顶级团队
She's putting her top team through their paces
沿着育空探索挑战的一段
along a section of the Yukon Quest challenge...
一场雪橇比赛，被认为是世界上最艰苦的比赛
..a sled race billed the toughest on Earth.
这是对耐力和团队精神的测试，长达1000英里，
It's a 1,000 mile test of endurance and teamwork,
在加拿大的怀特霍斯和阿♥拉♥斯加的费尔班克斯之间奔跑
run between Whitehorse in Canada and Fairbanks in Alaska.
凯拉已经七次参加马拉松比赛了
Kyla has tackled this marathon seven times...
第一次是在她18岁的时候
..the first when she was 18-years-old.
但现在她驾乘只是为了刺♥激♥
But now she rides just for the thrill of it.
这场比赛可以追溯到冰冻的育空河
The race harks back to a time when the frozen Yukon
孤立定居点与外部世界之间的唯一联♥系♥方式
was the only link between isolated settlements and the outside world.
温度可能达零下50摄氏度
Temperatures can be 50 below.
你可能会遇到一场暴风雪，降雪8英寸
You can have a blizzard where it drops eight inches of snow
路线消失了
and the trail is gone.
有些地方只是被风刮过
There are spots that are just windswept
那里很贫瘠，就像月光下到那里
and it's barren and it's like the moon down there.
凯拉也在追随着同样的野性召唤
Kyla is following the same call of the wild
这吸引了早期的拓荒者来到育空地区
that drew the early pioneers to the Yukon.