地球壮观河流之旅 Ⅱ（2022）

安全，食物，甚至一些朋友
Safety, food, and even some friends.
经过德国、奥地利和斯洛伐克，
Having passed through Germany, Austria and Slovakia,
多瑙河现在正处于它伟大旅程的中点
the Danube is now at the midpoint on its great journey
抵达匈牙利
and arrives in Hungary...
在雄伟的首都布达佩斯
..at the majestic capital of Budapest.
多瑙河造就了一座城市
A city that owes its existence to the Danube
见证了帝国的兴衰，
and has seen empires rise and fall,
从罗马人到十字军
from the Romans to the Crusaders.
在布达佩斯，艺术和浪漫交织在一起
In Budapest, art and romance intertwine.
宏伟的建筑，
Grand architecture,
至少有七座桥，
and no less than seven bridges,
展示一个曾经是源头的地方
showcase a place that has been the source
历史上的文化灵感
of cultural inspiration down the ages.
如今，有170万人口，
Today, with a population of 1.7 million,
这和以往一样重要
it is as important as ever.
河流可能是最古老的运输通道，
Water might be one of the oldest means of transport,
但它仍然是最便宜的
but it's still the cheapest.
而布达佩斯，由于其独特的地理位置，
And Budapest, because of its unique location,
是多瑙河持续成功的关键
is key to the Danube's continued success
作为欧洲运输网络的骨干
as the backbone of the European transport network.
运货量高达5000万吨♥
Up to 50 million tonnes of freight are transported
每年沿着多瑙河
along the Danube each year.
巨型货船和驳船从一个港口开往另一个港口
Giant cargo ships and barges sail from port to port...
…承载着又大又重的荷载，
..carrying large and heavy loads,
比如谷物、沙子和燃料
like cereals, sand, and fuel
否则，那就必须走不那么经济的路线
that would otherwise have to take less economical routes.
船坞充当运输枢纽，
Dockyards act as transport hubs,
在那里，集装箱和货物被准点运送
where shipping containers and goods are ferried like clockwork.
一个巨大的移♥动♥拼图，
A giant, moving jigsaw puzzle,
每天24小时工作，
working 24 hours a day,
一周七天
seven days a week.
多瑙河的重要性显而易见
It's easy to see the importance of the Danube
布达佩斯的日常生活，
to everyday life in Budapest,
但还有更多
but there is more.
隐藏在视线之外的秘密
A secret, hidden from view.
阴暗的深潭很难被发现
A shaded pool is hard to spot.
但是，对于两位科学家来说，
But, for two scientists,
这是一个连接多瑙河的古老奇迹
it's an ancient wonder that connects the Danube
直到最后一个冰河世纪
to the last Ice Age.
为了探索它
To explore it...
Gergely Balazs博士
..Dr Gergely Balazs
还有Denes Szieberth博士
and Dr Denes Szieberth
需要佩戴专门的设备
need to put on specialised equipment
当他们准备进入洞穴时
as they prepare to enter a cave
已经涨满了
that is completely filled...
淡水
..with freshwater.
Molnar Janos洞穴在20世纪50年代才开始探索，
The Molnar Janos caves only started to be explored in the 1950s,
因为有了合适的潜水设备
with the invention of suitable diving equipment.
我们有一个繁忙的城市在上面
We have this busy city on the top of it.
但是这个洞穴，它是一个古老的东西
But the cave, it's an ancient thing.
透明清澈的水，
Crystal clear water,
经过数千年的岩石过滤，
filtered through rock over millennia,
在布达佩斯下面延伸了将近四英里
stretches for almost four miles right under Budapest.
每次潜水都有更多的发现
And there's more to be discovered with each dive.
这里的一些通道很大，
Some of the passages here are huge,
而且水很干净，你甚至看不见
and the water is so clean that you don't even see
你在水里
that you are in the water.
所以你只是在这些巨大的空间里飞行
So you are just flying through these huge spaces.
这些洞穴给科学家们提供独特的机会
The caves offer unique opportunities for the scientists.
你看到了没人见过的东西
You see things which no-one have seen.
你所做的测量是没有人有机会做的
You make measurements which no-one had the opportunity to make.
这是纯粹的探索
This is pure exploration.
尽管面临挑战，
Despite the challenges,
科学家们已经开始解开
the scientists have already begun to unlock
这些水域的秘密
the secrets of these waters...
每天有超过一百万公升的水
..concluding that over a million litres of water a day
慢慢地流过洞穴
flows imperceptibly through the caves.
在布达佩斯，只能有一个目的地
And, in Budapest, there can only be one destination.
两者之间有着明显的联♥系♥
There is an obvious connection.
这个洞穴流向一个湖泊，
The cave feeds a lake,
通过Locash池下面的通道，
which, through a channel under the Locash bath,
这个湖的水正直接流入多瑙河
the water of this lake is flowing directly into the Danube.
一条隐藏的支流
A hidden tributary...
…加入多瑙河的伟大下游之旅
..joining the Danube on its great journey downstream.
在匈牙利，
Here, in Hungary,
多瑙河的水流似乎很缓慢
the Danube's waters may seem slow and sluggish...
但他们仍然有能力
..but they still have the ability
唤起野生动物魔法的瞬间
to conjure up moments of wildlife magic.
在它的一条中间支流上
On one of its middle tributaries...
有一种动物造就一个
..there's an animal that produces
地球上最壮观的自然事件
one of the most spectacular natural events on Earth.
匈牙利语：
IN HUNGARIAN:
淡水科学家贝拉·基斯博士
Freshwater scientist Dr Bela Kiss
正在努力寻找其中一些
is trying to find some of them.
贝拉监测昆虫的数量
Bela monitors the population of an insect
它可以在水下隐藏长达三年
that hides underwater for up to three years.
但是，要做到这一点
But, to do that...
他必须潜到四米多深的河床
..he has to dive down over four metres to the riverbed.
匈牙利语：
IN HUNGARIAN:
看起来可能不太像
It might not look like much...
匈牙利语：
IN HUNGARIAN:
但在几个月后，这些幼虫会转变
But in a few months, these larvae will transform
使自己成为世界上最大的蜉蝣之一
themselves to become one of the largest mayflies in the world.
就在六月的几天里
For just a few days in June...
…当水温上升时，
..when the water temperature rises,
它们开始孵化
they begin to hatch.
雄性会先飞起
First, the males take flight.
匈牙利语：
IN HUNGARIAN:
对于有些生命，真的很短暂
For some life is very short indeed.
很快，越来越多从水里出来
Soon, more and more appear from the water.
没时间闲逛
There's no time to hang around.
他们只有三个小时的生命
They have only three hours to live
并且只有一个目的
and just one purpose...
…找到一只雌性♥交♥配。
..to find a female and mate.
寻找新孵出的雌性
The search for newly-hatched females
开始疯狂的交♥配♥舞蹈
begins a frenzied mating dance.
天空很快变得很密，有几百万只蜉蝣
The sky soon becomes thick, with several million mayflies
所有的都成群结队地交♥配♥
all mating in groups.
曾经在多瑙河系的许多地方出现，
Once common in many parts of the Danube system,
由于污染和栖息地丧失
pollution and habitat-loss
这件大事越来越难找了
mean this great event is becoming harder to find.
但如果你知道去哪里找
But if you know where to look...
这是一个惊人的超级生物群
..it's an astonishing super-swarm of life.
匈牙利语：
IN HUNGARIAN:
尽可能快的开始，
As quickly as it began,
这件非凡的事...
this remarkable event...
又迅速就结束了
..is over.
经过三年的等待，
After a three-year wait,
短暂的展现，
it's a short existence,
生命的美好
but it's a life well-lived.
仅仅一天，他们就飞走了，
In just one day, they have flown,
交♥配♥、死亡
mated and died.
多瑙河到了这一阶段，
By this stage on its journey,
主要的支流汇集一起，
the Danube has been joined by its major tributaries,
德拉瓦河，提萨河
the Drava, the Tisza...
..还有萨瓦河
..and the Sava.
加起来，它们的流量几乎是它的三倍
Combined, they almost triple its flow.
当它到达第三个也是最后一个首都城市时，
As it reaches its third and final capital city,
贝尔格莱德，塞尔维亚
Belgrade, in Serbia.
超过半英里宽，
Over half a mile wide,