大西洋：地球最狂野的海洋（2015）

这片漂浮着的马尾藻是寻找食物的绝佳之地
This floating mat of sargassum seaweed
is a perfect place to find food.
马尾藻也把它的名字赋予了附近的海域 马尾藻海
Sargassum gives its name
to a nearby sea, the Sargasso
大西洋中心一片宽广的海域
a huge region at the heart of the Atlantic
水手们畏惧在此航行
where sailors fear to travel
因为这里流传着船舶永远受困于大♥片♥海藻的故事
because of stories of ships trapped forever,
in huge mats of the weed.
事实上 这些浮动岛屿为上百种小鱼提供了食物与居所
In reality, these floating islands
provide food and shelter
也让这里成为了丰饶的猎场
for hundreds of small fish, and that
makes them a rich hunting ground.
旗鱼的时速可达六十英里 能够追击最敏捷的猎物
Sailfish can sprint at up to sixty miles an hour,
able to chase down the fastest prey.
它们捕获猎物的方式 在近期才被人发现
How they catch their prey
has only recently been discovered.
旗鱼利用其长长的吻尖 把目标挑出鱼群
The sailfish uses its long bill
to flick a fish out from the shawl
在攻击之前先使其失去平衡
throwing it off balance, before striking.
不只是野生动物依赖着湾流和驱动它的海风
The Gulf Stream and the winds that blow it,
aren't just relied upon by wildlife.
人类利用湾流的历史长达数百年
People have used the Gulf Stream winds
for hundreds of years.
我们要回家了
We're going home!
自克里斯托弗·哥伦布在1492年踏上新大♥陆♥起
When Christopher Columbus set foot
on the New world in 1492
它开启了一个充满机遇的世界
he opened up a world of opportunities.
几百年以来 财富和自然资源
For hundreds of years,
treasures and natural riches
被来回地运输 穿梭于大西洋之上
were shipped back and forth
across the Atlantic
不但驱动了美国殖民地化 也改变了人类的历史进程
driving the colonisation of America
and changing the course of human history.
而这一切都要归功于湾流海风
And none of that could have happened
without the Gulf Stream winds.
自加勒比海起 海风把洋流推向北方 接着向东流向欧洲
From the Caribbean, the winds push
the current north and then east towards Europe
水手们依靠着连贯的洋流可以跨越数千英里的大洋
with such consistency that sailors could rely on them
to cross thousands of miles of ocean.
即便在今天 水手们依然沿用这条古老的贸易航线
Even today,
sailors use this ancient trading route.
这艘荷兰船只上的水手们利用海风从加勒比海向阿姆斯特丹
The crew of this Dutch ship use the winds
to ship rum, chocolate and coffee beans
运送着朗姆酒 巧克力以及咖啡豆
from the Caribbean back to Amsterdam.
这艘“三兄弟号♥”没有引擎 它完全依赖于海风与洋流
The Tres Hombres has no engine.
She's entirely reliant on winds and currents.
所以船员们必须对任何风向变化作为回应
so the crew have to respond
to every change in the breeze.
大家准备杨帆
We're ready to wear ship.
全员就位 主帆就位
CAPTAIN:
Standby on the braces, standby on the main.
船员们轮班作业 一天工作十二小时
The crew work in shifts,
twelve hours out of every twenty-four.
工作很艰苦 但也能收获回报
It's hard work, but it has its rewards.
你会感到与大自然紧密联♥系♥
SAILOR:
You feel very connected to nature
因为你能在船上一直感受到海浪
because you constantly
feel the waves on the ship.
在甲板上能感受到海风
And you feel the wind on your own back.
海豚来向你致意
It's the dolphins visiting you.
你的感受与祖先们完全一致
You feel exactly what your ancestors felt.
同样的海浪 同样的海风
The same waves, the same winds.
非常美丽
So, it's, it's beautiful.
但与古代一样 利用大西洋的自然力量
But as in ancient times,
harnessing the Atlantic's natural power
需要冒着生命的危险
means putting your life on the line.
在过去的几个世纪里 在美国大西洋沿岸的一小段海域内
Over the centuries, more than
six hundred ships have been wrecked
就有超过六百艘船只遇难
along just one short stretch
of America's Atlantic coast
沿岸的湾流让这里危机四伏
where the Gulf Stream flows
perilously close to land.
北卡罗莱纳州 这些堰洲岛上的沙洲
The treacherous sandbanks off the
Barrier Islands off North Carolina
以“大西洋的墓地”而众所周知
are known as the graveyard of the Atlantic.
但也许那些海难中也有幸存者
But there may have been
some survivors from the wrecks here.
没人能确定它们是如何达到这里的 但许多人相信它们的祖先
No one's certain how they got here,
but many believe that their ancestors
是从西班牙征服者的帆船残骸上漂流到这里的
made it to shore from shipwrecked
galleons of Spanish conquistadors.
在过去的五百年里 这些西班牙家畜的后代
For the last five hundred years,
horses descended from Spanish stock
在这些岛屿上已然完全野生
have lived completely wild on these islands
今天 这片肥沃的盐沼草地养活着超过一百匹马
Today, the fertile grasses of the salt marshes
support over a hundred horses.
曾经被驯养 现在完全野生
Once domesticated, now completely wild.
母马和马驹们结为小队 一起生活 公马们则为了靠近异性互相争斗
They live in small groups of mares and foals,
over which stallions battle for access.
但这些马面临着严峻的挑战
with these horses, there's a critical challenge.
它们周围的水太咸 无法饮用
The water that surrounds them,
is too salty to drink.
为了解渴 它们必须掘地三尺
To quench their thirst, they must first dig.
这些马匹都是幸存者
These horses are survivors.
它们甚至能在岛屿之间游来游去 寻找新鲜的牧草
They'll even swim between islands
in search of fresh grazing.
几个世纪以来 这些西班牙马被困在大西洋上的一隅
Marooned for centuries
on this Atlantic outpost
它们就是活生生的警示
these Spanish horses are a living reminder
提醒着我们湾流在人类历史上的作用
of the role the Gulf Stream
has played in human history.
堰洲岛附近的海域
Off shore from the Barrier lslands
湾流帮助这些座头鲸
the Gulf Stream has helped
to carry these humpbacks
跨越一千多英里 从加勒比海远道而来
for over a thousand miles
from the Caribbean.
这对母子加入了一头雄座头鲸的队伍
This mother and calf
have joined forces with a male
或许是为了给予它们一些保护 免于来自虎鲸不断增强的威胁
perhaps to give them some protection
against the increasing threat from orcas.
目前为止它们做得很好
They have done well to make it this far
但是母亲已经有六个月没有进食了
but the mother may not
have eaten for six months
而它的奶水也所剩无几
and her milk won't last much longer.
幸运的是 大西洋即将送来救助物资
Luckily, the Atlantic
is about to deliver salvation.
当湾流流经美国北部时
As the Gulf Stream passes
the northern United States
两股洋流的相会 驱使着一场非同寻常的转变
a meeting of the waters helps
to drive an extraordinary transformation.
沿着海岸线 来自北极的寒流冲击而来
A cold current pushes down
from the Arctic along the coast
裹挟着冰山
carrying icebergs with it.
这两股洋流的交汇 把营养物质带向海面
The mingling of the two currents
helps to bring nutrients to the surface
为生命的爆发播下了种子
sowing the seeds for an explosion of life.
蓝鳍金枪鱼与其他湾流中的旅行者一样
Bluefin tuna are one of many
Gulf Stream travellers
在新英格兰和加拿大东部海域结束了它们的夏季迁徙
that end their summer migration
off New England and eastern Canada
那里是地球上最富饶的海域
some of the richest seas on Earth.
这片富饶的海洋也哺育了数百万的海鸟
This rich stretch of ocean also
supports seabirds in their millions
和大批的海洋哺乳动物
and huge numbers of marine mammals.
竖琴海豹们联手出动 捕食鱼群
Crab seals travel together
on the hunt for fish.
每年春季 这片富饶的海域都将变为一片
Every spring, these fertile seas
turn into a rich green soup
跨越数百英里的绿海 这里不计其数的微小植物开始爆发
across hundreds of miles as
billions of tiny plants burst into life.
海洋水华出现了
A plankton bloom.
就个体而言 这些植物太小 肉眼无法看到
lndividually, these plants are too small
for the naked eye to see.
但它们数量惊人 构成了这片富饶海域的基础
But in such huge numbers,
they are the basis for these incredibly rich seas.
微小的动物以这些微小的植物为食
Tiny animals feed on the tiny plants.
进而又被更大的动物捕食
These in turn are preyed on
by even larger animals
逐层递进 直到食物链的顶端
and so on, up the food chain.
任何不能在洋流中逆流而上的动植物都被称为浮游生物
Any animal or plant that can't swim
against the current is called plankton.
它们大部分都很渺小
Most of these are tiny
但这片富饶的海域能为浮游生物界的巨人提供足够的食物
but this fertile region can provide enough food
for the colossus of the planting world.
这是一只狮鬃水母 世界上最大的水母
This is a lion's mane,
the largest jellyfish in the world.
仅躯干的宽度就大于一个人的身高
Its body alone can be wider than a man is tall.
而布满螯针的触须比一头蓝鲸还长
Its stinger covered tentacles can be
longer than a blue whale
能抓住小至虾米 大至鱼类 甚至其他水母的所有生物
catching anything from tiny shrimps,
to fish, to other jellyfish.
这是一种大部分动物都会避之不及的生物
This is a creature most