大西洋：地球最狂野的海洋（2015）

有一片大洋 巨人在这里聚享盛宴
There's an ocean,
where giants gather to feast
有一片怒海 人类在这里拼搏奋战
where people battle
the planet's roughest seas.
它延绵近一万英里 从北极到南极
It stretches nearly 10,000 miles
from Arctic, to Antarctic
从热带的浅滩到神秘的深海
from tropical shallows,
to mysterious depths.
这是一片充斥着极端的海域
It's an ocean of extremes.
能产生跨越一千英里的风暴
The engine room for storms
a thousand miles across
这里也是弱小生物的避难所
Yet also, a sanctuary for the vulnerable.
人与动物共同勇敢面对着这片变化莫测的海洋
People and animals brave
this unpredictable ocean.
甘冒风险 以求厚报
Risking it all for rich rewards
这里就是大西洋 地球最狂野的海洋
This is the Atlantic,
the wildest ocean on Earth.
加勒比海 大西洋中阳光普照的天堂
The Caribbean, the Atlantic's
sun drenched paradise.
温暖的浅海 为动物提供了庇护和充足的食物
Its warm shallow waters
offer shelter and plenty of food.
对于这头两岁大的大西洋斑海豹 这里是成长的完美住所
The perfect place for this two-year-old
Atlantic spotted dolphin to grow up.
它周边的海水中充满生机
The seas around him are bursting with life.
这里是大西洋最富饶的一隅
It's the richest corner of the Atlantic
但天堂并不完美
but paradise comes at a cost.
接下来的九个月间 太阳的能量将要挑战这里生命的极限
Over the next nine months, the sun's energy
will push life here to its limits.
加勒比海天堂很快就会
Caribbean heaven will soon turn. . .
变为地狱
. . .to hell.
太阳是热带大西洋的引擎
The sun is the tropical Atlantic's engine.
它加热着海水 从非洲沿岸横跨三千英里
It heats the ocean, from the coast of Africa,
right across to the Caribbean
到达加勒比海
three thousand miles away.
这里有着广阔清澈的大海
Here, there are huge expanses
of shallow, crystal clear sea.
这里有珊瑚礁
There are coral reefs. . .
海草
. . .meadows of sea grass. . .
以及红树林
. . .and mangrove forests.
这里的海洋生物比大西洋其他海域更为丰富
There's a wider variety of marine life here
than anywhere else in the Atlantic.
生活在这里能得到丰厚的奖赏
Living here can bring rich rewards.
现在是二月 加勒比海最冷的季节
Right now, it's February,
the Caribbean's coolest month.
即便如此 巴哈马附近的浅滩仍保持温暖的二十三摄氏度
Even so, these shallows off the Bahamas
are a balmy twenty-three degrees
海水中满是声音
and the water's full of sound.
海豚的叫声
DOLPHIN NOISES
大西洋点斑原海豚吱吱叫着
The chatter of Atlantic spotted dolphins.
对于它们 这里是安全的避风港 深水中则有巡弋着的鲨鱼
It's a safe refuge for them.
The deeper waters are patrolled by sharks.
海豚具有高度的社会性 能形成多达五十头的亲密族群
Dolphins are highly social,
they play together and hunt together
它们一同嬉戏 一同捕食
in tight knit groups, sometimes fifty strong.
这两位母亲结成了小组 这样它们的孩子就能一起玩耍 互相学习
These two mothers have teamed up,
so their calves can play and learn from each other.
两头小海豚还没有断奶 身上的斑点还没形成
The calves are still suckling from their mums
and yet to fully develop their spots.
它们有大把的时间去学习海豚社交生活中的种种细节
They've plenty of time to learn the ins and outs
of a dolphin's social life.
它们必须学会大量不同种的叫声
They must learn a huge number
of complex clicks and whistles.
肢体语言也同样重要
Body language is important too.
互相咬着玩有助于建立社会关系
Play biting helps build social bonds
这是小海豚学习互动的一种基础方式
one of the first ways
that young dolphins learn to interact.
海豚还会互相摩擦双鳍 科学家把这比作握手或拥抱
Then there's fin rubbing.
Scientists compare it to a handshake or a hug.
乐趣十足 但这也是它们的重要课程
It's all great fun,
but they're learning vital lessons.
从二月起2 加勒比海渐渐变热
From February on, the Caribbean
gets a little warmer every day.
这对于另一种必须依靠热量生存的海洋哺乳动物而言是个好消息
Good news for another marine mammal
that simply can't survive without the heat.
一头海牛
A manatee
它是大象的远亲
distant relative of the elephant
它长约三米 重达一吨♥
she's three metres long
and weighs in at almost a ton.
尽管体型巨大 它却没有多少脂肪来维持体温
But despite her bulk,
she has very little blubber to keep her warm.
它生活在此是因为这里的海水从不会降到二十摄氏度以下
She lives here because the water
never drops below twenty degrees.
如若不然 它就会死去
If it did, she'd die.
许多海牛会在温暖的河口过冬
Lots of manatees over winter
in warm river estuaries.
如今海水升温
Now, as sea temperatures rise
它们散布在加勒比海沿岸寻找最喜爱的食物
they spread along the Caribbean coast
in search of their favourite food. . .
海草
. . .sea grass.
它们覆盖了一大♥片♥浅海区域
It covers huge areas of these shallows
日照越长 海水越暖 它们的生长也就越快
and the warmer and sunnier it gets,
the faster it grows.
它每天会花费七个小时
Over the coming months,
she'll spend seven hours a day
进食这些海洋牧草
grazing these marine meadows.
现在 这里是海牛的天堂
It's manatee heaven, for now.
但变化即将发生
Change is on the way.
到了四月 日照逐渐变强
By April, the sun
is just that little more intense.
变化虽小 影响却大
A small change with big effects.
在伯利兹堡礁处的深水之下
In the deep water,
beyond Belize's barrier reef
水温升高引发了一年又一年的盛况
the growing heat triggers
a spectacular annual event.
笛鲷 它们聚集在此近一个小时
Snappers, they've gathered
here in this one place
只为一个原因
for one hour, for one reason.
笛鲷通常独居 生活在海面以下二十米深
Snappers are usually solitary
and live over twenty metres beneath the surface.
如今 持续的升温 白天变长 加上月相变化
Now, a combination of rising temperature,
day length and phase of the moon
使它们聚集成群 数量可达一万余条
brings them together in shoals
of ten thousand or more.
黄昏时分 鱼群游向海面
At dusk, the fish rise up
towards the surface.
雌鱼排出卵
The females release their eggs.
雄鱼排出精♥子♥
The males, their sperm.
它们在这里繁殖后代
They're here to spawn.
它们选择黄昏时候 是因为此时昏暗的光线让捕食者更难有所作为
They do it at dusk because the fading light
makes life harder for predators.
但笛鲷群并没有彻底隐形
But the snappers haven't gone
entirely unnoticed.
一只鲸鲨
A whale shark.
它的体长和重量堪比一辆双层巴士
The length and weight
of a double decker bus.
但它并非为笛鲷而来
But he's not after the snappers.
它吞下笛鲷的卵 每一口都有数万枚
He hoovers up their eggs,
tens of thousands in each mouthfuI.
无数颗卵失散 但还有更多的存活下来
Millions of eggs are lost,
but millions more survive.
鱼卵会随着洋流漂流 直到它们找到安居之所
The young will drift on the currents
until they find a place of safety. . .
红树林
. . .a mangrove forest.
在加勒比海沿岸繁盛的红树林
Stretching all along the Caribbean coastline,
these forests hold a secret.
隐藏在水面下的 是一处特别的避难所
An extraordinary sanctuary,
hidden beneath the surface.
树根上覆盖着海葵 海星以及海绵 形成了一道自然屏障
The roots, draped with anemones,
starfish and sponges form a living barrier.
体型较大的捕食者无法穿越
One that bigger predators can't pass.
不仅对于笛鲷 这里也是
And make this a safe haven,
not just for snappers
数百种幼鱼的安全天堂
but for the young of hundreds
of species of fish.
这是一片水下奇迹之地
It's an underwater wonderland.
这种水下森林是地球上最富饶的环境之一
These underwater forests
are among the richest environments on Earth.
通过提供庇护所
By providing sheltered nurseries
它们在加勒比海域形成了一张重要的生命网络
they form a vital part of the web of life
across the Caribbean.
维持着浅海的生命 珊瑚礁
Sustaining life in the shallows, the reefs
以及远处的深海
and the deep sea beyond.
但其他力量也影响着这里的生物
But other forces affect life here
其中最强大的一股力量来源于三千英里外的非洲
and one of the most powerful has its origins
three thousand miles away, in Africa.
非洲的烈日使撒哈拉沙漠成了地球上最热的地区之一
The African sun makes the Sahara Desert
one of the hottest places on Earth.
仅仅在五月 温度就接近了四十摄氏度
It's May and already the temperature
is nearing forty degrees.