PBS. 新星.约翰·纳什.伟大的疯狂（2002）

Two people playing against each other,
两个人相互之间对立
A two-person game,
两个人的游戏
In which if one person wins the other person loses,
这就表示一个人赢了 另一个人势必会输
Suppose you have many players,
想象一下你有很多选手
Game theory got into a phase that people couldn't really deal with it,
博弈论就无法处理这样的情况
They didn't know how to state the problem.
过去的理论无法陈述这样的问题
If we could make a theoretical model that would answer
如果我们能发明一种理论模型来解释
Questions of: "Why do you bluff in poker?"
"为什么你在玩扑克牌时要虚张声势"
"Why would you bet when you have a low hand”
"为什么你牌很小还敢赌"
"Why would you fail to bet if you have a high hand”
"为什么你有一手好牌最后却输了呢"这些问题
If we could analyze things like that,
如果我们能解释像那样的问题
Then we could handle real life problems
那么我们就能处理好现实生活中的问题
In economics, in business, in politics,
比如经济 商业 政♥治♥问题
He had that vision.
他就有那种想法
Nash’s insight was another deceptively simple one:
纳什的结论却显得十分简单
He proved that in every game
他证明了在每一场比赛里
There is a best strategy
根据其他选手的策略
For each player given the strategies chosen by the other players,
每个选手都会有一个最好的策略来应对
He called it "the equilibrium point.”
他把它叫做"平衡点"
In the spring of 1950,
1950年春天
Nash presented his elegant proof,
纳什递交了他简短的论证
He was only twenty-one.
那时他才21岁
Years later, what became known as the "Nash Equilibrium”
几年之后 就成了著名的"纳什平衡"
Would revolutionize economics,
将引发经济学界的变革
But when it was first completed,
但当它最初完成时
Nobody recognized its potential,
却没有人意识到它的潜力
Not even Nash.
纳什自己也没有预料到
After receiving his Ph.D.,
获得博士学位后
Nash moved to Boston and joined the faculty of MIT,
纳什搬到了波士顿 并在麻省理工学院担任教师
Students called him the Kid Professor,
学生们都管他叫孩子教授
But he considered himself head and shoulders above his colleagues,
不过他觉得自己远远超过他的同事们
Basically John was a out and out
基本上来说 约翰是一个不折不扣
And uninhibited and shameless elitist,
无拘无束 脸皮很厚的精英人才
He was only interested in people
他只对那些
Who could operate more or less on the same mental level that he was at.
跟他差不多一样精神层次的人感兴趣
He was very brash,
他很傲慢
Very boastful,
很自负
Very selfish,
很自私
Very egocentric,
又很自我
His colleagues did not like him especially,
他的同事都不怎么喜欢他
But they tolerated him because his mathematics was so brilliant.
不过因为他的数学才能 大家都能忍♥受着他
I was thinking about a problem,
我当时在思考一个问题
Trying to get somewhere with it,
试着想要有所进展
And I couldn't and I couldn't and I couldn't,
但是我想不出来 就是想不出来
And I went to sleep one night and I dreamt,
一天晚上我去睡觉 然后做了一个梦
I did not dream directly of the solution to that problem,
不是直接梦到了解决这个问题的方法
Rather, I dreamt that I met Nash and I asked him the problem,
而是梦到了纳什 我问了他这个问题
And he told me the answer,
他告诉了我答案
When I did finally write the paper,
在我最终撰写论文时
I gave him credit,
我把功劳归功于他
It was not my solution;
那不是我想出来的解决方法
I could not have done it myself.
我一个人是不可能完成的
He was part of this group of friends that Donald,my husband,had,
他是我丈夫唐纳德的其中一位朋友
This was a crew who were extremely competitive,
他那群朋友都非常好强
And Nash was at the top of the heap,
纳什在他们当中可谓是冠绝群雄
He was the best.
他是最棒的
The following year,
接下来的一年中
Nash began his first serious relationship,
纳什开始了他的第一段恋爱
Eleanor Stier was a shy, compassionate nurse
埃莉诺·斯蒂尔是位害羞 有同情心的护士
Five years his senior,
比他大5岁
Two months after they started dating,
他们约会两个月后
Eleanor discovered she was pregnant.
埃莉诺发现自己怀孕了
She gave birth to a baby boy and named him John,
她生下一名男孩 给他取名约翰
Nash refused to pay for the delivery,
但纳什拒绝支付分娩的费用
Wouldn’t even add his name to the birth certificate,
甚至不让他儿子的出生证明上加上他的姓
Unable to support her son on her own,
由于不能独♥立♥抚养孩子
Eleanor was forced to place him in foster care
埃莉诺被迫让孩子在大部分童年时光里
For much of his childhood.
把他交给别人抚养
She was pretty hurt,
她当时很伤心
She was very hurt,
非常难过
I think she was quite fond of my father
我想她太喜欢我父亲了
And things didn't happen the way she had expected them to.
但事实却和她期望的不同
The couple drifted apart,
这对恋人劳燕分飞
Nash kept the affair a secret,
纳什将这段恋情保密
His parents and colleagues didn’t even know he had a son.
父母和同事都不知道他有个儿子
Not long after breaking up with Eleanor,
和埃莉诺分手后不久
Nash met Alicia Larde,
纳什遇到了爱丽莎·拉德
A 21-year-old from El Salvador and one of his students,
来自萨尔瓦多的21岁物理专业学生
A physics major, she was one of only sixteen women
她是麻省理工学院
In a class of eight hundred at MIT.
800名学生中的仅有的16名女性之一
She was an extremely attractive girl,
她非常有魅力
And not American,
而且不是美国人
And I somehow think that that was significant,
这一点非常重要
That she was not your ordinary college girl,
她不像一般普通的女学生
That she had also come from a very different place.
让她非常出众 惹人注目
At the time, he was a little bit like the
那时候 他就像是
Fair-haired boy of the Math Department,
数学系的黄金单身汉
He was, I think, considered very young for his position,
年轻有为 前途无限
And, he was very nice looking, you know,
而且特别帅
When she was younger
她年轻的时候
She wanted to be another Madam Curie,
想成为第二个居里夫人
John's ambition was one of the things that attracted Alicia to him,
约翰的雄心是吸引她的因素之一
She had that desire, and she transferred it to him.
她把自己的事业心转移到他身上
In February 1957,
1957年2月
Alicia and John Nash were married
爱丽莎和约翰·纳什在华盛顿
In a small,private ceremony in Washington, DC.
举♥行♥了小型私人婚礼
John was marrying somebody who was intelligent,
约翰娶了才华横溢的妻子
And that he cared for, and she obviously cared for him,
而且他们彼此相爱相惜
Everything was great.
天作之合
REAL ALGEBRAIC MANIFOLDS
《真实代数流形》作者:约翰·纳什
ISOMETRIC IMBEDDINGS
《等比嵌入法》作者: 约翰·纳什
Since arriving at MIT,
在麻省理工工作期间
Nash had solved a series of imposing problems in mathematics,
纳什解决了一系列数学重大课题
Ranging from algebraic geometry
从代数几何学
To partial differential equations,
到偏微方程
Unlike his work in game theory,
和他博弈论的研究不同
These groundbreaking proofs dazzled the mathematical world.
这些突破性的论证在数学界光彩夺目
We would all be climbing the mountain,
我们都在一步一步向上攀登
The mountain being mathematical perfection,
数学领域的研究中不断前进
He had a different approach,
但他不走寻常路
We came up this way and he came this way.
和我们不同 他独辟蹊径
In July 1958,
1958年7月
Fortune magazine featured him
《财富》杂♥志♥ 称他为
As one of the brightest stars in mathematics,
数学界最闪耀的明星之一
He had just turned thirty.
那时他刚30岁
For a mathematician turning 30
数学家步入30岁
Is a lot like for a ballet dancer or an athlete,
就如同芭蕾舞者或运动员
Age is your enemy.
年龄是最大的敌人
By his own standards, Nash had fallen short,
按纳什的标准 他开始走下坡路
For a decade, he had pursued the Fields Medal,
10年来 他一直在争取菲尔德奖章
Mathematics highest honor; that year,
数学界的最高荣誉
He failed to win it again.
那年他再次与它失之交臂
He was an intensely ambitious person,
他是非常雄心勃勃的人
He was extremely competitive
极度好强
And he was very bitter that he didn't get it.
没得到奖令他非常痛苦
At the time, I had some recognition,
那时 我有了些名气
I was making some progress professionally,
专业上有一定成就
But I wasn't really at the top
但我还没有达到最顶端
I didn’t have top-level recognition.
我没有得到最高级别的认可
He threw himself into
他一头扎到