野外成长记（2016）

Unlike chimps in other parts of Africa,
这些黑猩猩发现了如何敲开坚果
these chimps have discovered how to break open nuts.
这比看起来难多了
Which is a lot harder than it looks.
只有使用正确的工具才行
Only the right set of tools will do.
首先，你需要一个稳固的底座来固定坚果
First you need a steady base that holds the nut in place.
然后需要合适的锤子
Then you need the right kind of hammer.
族群领导有自己独特的手脚并用技术
The troop leader has his own special hand-and-foot technique
这让其他破胡桃办法相形见绌
that puts other nut-crackers to shame.
他很高兴向年轻的后起之秀展示这是如何做到的
But he's happy to show the young up-and-comers how it's done.
刚满三岁，
And having just turned three years old,
轮到这个小家伙学习艺术了
it's this little guy's turn to learn the art.
他给自己一个又好又大的坚果
He's got himself a nice,big nut.
他决定用一把木锤
And he's decided to go with a wooden hammer.
还没人告诉他
No one's told him yet
那种木头不是使坚果开裂的最好材料
that wood is not the best material for cracking nuts.
就这样，他找到了一块锋利的好石头
That's it.He's found a good,sharp rock.
通常不会花这么长时间
Normally it doesn't take this long.
砸开它，干得好
Cracked it.Good job.
最有经验的成年人不会花那么多精力
The most experienced adults don't expend so much energy.
他们知道更大的岩石意味着更少的击打
They know larger rocks mean fewer strikes.
但大型工具比坚果更容易开裂
But large tools will crack more than nuts.
这需要几年的时间
It will take years
年轻的黑猩猩才能和成年人一样优秀
before our young chimp is as good as the adults.
他还在学习的路上，
But he's on the learning curve,
在掌握这项非凡技能的过程中
and well on his way to mastering this remarkable skill
很少有被砸开的
that so few have cracked.
我们所有非凡的小动物都活了下来-
All of our extraordinary young animals have gone on to live
在充实但充满挑战的生活里
full but challenging lives.
在阿♥拉♥斯加，幼熊的第一年是一次真正的考验
In Alaska,the bear cubs' first year was a true test
他们出色通过
and they passed with flying colors.
大马哈鱼的盛宴养胖了他们
The great salmon feast fattened them up
并为冬天做好了准备
in preparation for winter.
没有它，
Without it,
他们不可能在这里生存
they would not have survived here.
幼崽最终将学会如何自己寻找食物，
The cubs would eventually learn how to find food on their own,
但仍将依靠母亲的保护
but would still rely on their mother's protection
大约需要另外的两年
for another two years.
他们继续变得更强壮
They continue to grow stronger
随着季节的轮替，变得更加冒险
and more adventurous with the passing of the seasons.
但是当今年第一场大雪来临时，
But when the first heavy snows of the year arrive,
是时候回到高山上去
it's always time to return to the high mountains
挖一个窝
to dig a den
进入漫长的冬眠
and settle in for the long winter months of hibernation.
在非洲平原，
On the African plains,
雄狮也在流放的艰苦岁月中，活了下来
the male lions survived their harsh years in exile.
到五岁时，他们将是强有力的年轻人，
By the age of five,they were powerful young adults,
准备为自己的狮群和王国而战
ready to fight for a pride and kingdom of their own.
他们进入了一片由两位老战士兄弟统治的土地
They entered a land ruled by two old warrior brothers.
其中一个，年老体弱，
One of them,aging and frail,
打不动架了
didn't have the heart for a fight.
他那顽强的弟弟只能独自面对几个强壮的年轻雄性
His tenacious brother was left to face the strong young males alone.
他们一起被赶走，自己成为新的狮子王
Together,they ran him off and became the new lion kings.
三只小猎豹和它们的妈妈呆在一起
The three cheetah cubs stayed with their mother
直到他们一岁半
until they were a year-and-a-half old.
但他们在独♥立♥前进行了最后一次测试
But they had one final test before they reached independence.
他们能自己打猎吗？
Could they hunt for themselves?
面对各种困难，
Against overwhelming odds,
母猎豹抚养了三只壮实的小猎豹
their mother had raised three mighty young cheetahs
他们准备在野外独♥立♥生活
who were ready to make their own way in the wild.
猕猴将再次受到威胁
The macaques would again be threatened
但从未被邻国对手击败
but never defeated by their neighboring rivals.
还有群落领导给他指路，
And with the troop leader to show him the way,
这只卑微的猴子会长大
the lowly monkey would grow up
会有一个自己的家庭
to have a family of his own.
最后，在大雨林，
And finally,in the great rainforest,
还需要20年的时间，
it would take 20 more years,
但这只年轻的黑猩猩最终会掌握
but the young chimpanzee would eventually master
祖先的所有技能
all of his ancestors' skills
并且成为
and live to become
群落里最聪明年长者的一员
one of the wisest elders of his troop.