野性美洲（2020）

亚马逊河上的居民，对任何从丛林中掉下来的东西都很留意
The inhabitants of the Amazon River are alert to anything that falls from the jungle over their heads.
水果、昆虫和其它美味的食物都是空运来的
Fruits, insects, and other delicious morsels are delivered by air.
鱼、短吻鳄和海龟，利用着来自洪水泛滥的空中世界的任何东西
Fish, alligators, and turtles take advantage of whatever comes from the flooded aerial world.
鱼徘徊在河岸附近，或穿过林地被水淹没的内部
Fish prowl near the banks or through the flooded interior of the woodland.
被洪水淹没的丛林看起来很平静，但现实却大不相同
The flooded jungle may seem calm. The reality is very different.
从上面看，丛林就像一个闪闪发光的天堂，天空和水的混合
Seen from above, the jungle looks like a shimmering paradise, a confusion of sky and water.
还有漂浮在液体镜子上的树
And trees that seem to float on a liquid mirror.
河水戏谑地拖着树叶和其它腐烂的东西
The river currents playfully drag leaves and other decaying matter.
一条神秘的鱼穿着无伤大雅的服装在水流中漂流，就像许多树叶赋予它名字一样
A mysterious fish in innocuous costume drifts along on the current like so many of the leaves that lend it its name.
南美洲的叶鱼
The South American leaf fish.
在这无害的外表下隐藏着一个可怕的捕食者
Beneath this harmless appearance hides a fearsome predator.
依靠完美的伪装，叶鱼可以在完全不被察觉的情况下非常接近其它鱼
Thanks to its perfect camouflage, the leaf fish can get very close to other fish utterly unsuspected.
它微小透明的鳍引导它以毫米级的精度瞄准猎物
Its tiny, transparent fins guide it with millimetric precision towards its prey.
它一次又一次地攻击，显然轻松地填满自己的胃
It attacks time and again, filling its stomach with apparent ease.
与此同时，在它的头顶上，在漂浮的树木中，另一个漂流者也过得很好
Meanwhile over its head, among the floating trees, another castaway also fares well.
南美地蜥蜴，大的或绿色丛林蜥，在不晒太阳的时候，
The South American ground lizard, the great or green ameiva, when not sunbathing,
它在浮木和水里寻找洪水中其它的小幸存者
it hunts other small survivors of the great flood among the driftwood and in the water.
它甚至可以捕获更大的敏捷动物，如青蛙
It can even capture larger agile animals such as frogs.
尽管洪水泛滥，但在洪水泛滥的亚马逊森林里，生命的脉动丝毫没有减弱
Despite the inundation, life pulsates unabated in the flooded Amazonian forest.
数以百万计的昆虫在树上避难，
Millions of insects have taken refuge in the trees,
栖居在高高的树叶中，红绿金刚鹦鹉的领地
setting up residence in the high foliage, the territory of the red and green macaws.
在接下来的几个月里，当丛林的地面被洪水淹没时，它们会争夺同样的空间，甚至食物
For the next few months while the jungle floor is flooded, they will compete for the same space, and even food.
丛林中的果实、种子、树叶和花蜜成为各种动物的宝贵资源
The jungle's fruits, seeds, leaves, and nectar become precious resources for all kinds of animals.
在这个季节，对顶端树枝的食物和空间的竞争会非常激烈
Competition for both food and space in the top branches intensifies greatly during this season.
例如，蚂蚁没有可以定居的旱地
Ants, for example, have no dry land on which to settle.
因此，在这片被洪水淹没的丛林里，蚂蚁把它们的家建在高高的树枝上
So the ants of this flooded jungle build their homes high up in the branches.
它们用泥土建造能抵御强降雨的悬挂蚁丘
They use mud to construct hanging ant hills that can withstand the intense rains.
在这些巨大的建筑中，数以万计的蚂蚁躲避着洪水淹没地表的水
In these gigantic buildings, tens of thousands of ants shelter from the water that floods the ground below.
这种热带小蜜蜂也搬到了附近
Species of small tropical bees also move into the neighbourhood.
蜜蜂这样做是因为蚁丘为它们提供了保护，
The bees do this as the anthill offers them protection,
它们实际上在邻居的房♥子里建造了蜂巢的一部分
and they actually construct part of their hive inside their neighbour's home.
但是，当一只猴子攀爬树枝，蚁丘开始摇晃时，这种和平共处就消失了
But this peaceful coexistence evaporates when a monkey moves their branch and the anthill begins to shake.
为响应警报，蚂蚁就会成群结队地攻击蜜蜂，试图入侵它们的蜂巢
In response to any alarm, the ants attack the bees in droves, trying to invade their hive.
似乎总是蜜蜂的错
It seems that they are always to blame.
瞬间，一支由数百只好斗蚂蚁组成的先进卫队攻击了规模虽小但凶猛且坚不可摧的蜜蜂守军
In an instant, an advanced guard of hundreds of aggressive ants attack a small but fierce and impregnable garrison of bees.
蜜蜂排成一列，收紧战斗队形以保持自己的位置
The bees close ranks, tightening their battle formation to maintain their position.
但是，尽管蜜蜂斩首了许多敌人，兵蚁雪崩样的攻击似乎是无穷无尽的
But although they decapitate many of the enemy, the avalanche of soldier ants seems endless.
只有时间的流逝，才能安抚对立的力量，达成新的但不稳定的休战
Only the passage of time pacifies the opposing forces to reach a new but unstable truce.
蚂蚁和蜜蜂之间的战争，是在被洪水淹没的森林顶层跳动的紧张局势的一个小迹象
The war between the ants and bees is a small sign of the tension that palpitates in the top layers of the flooded forest.
虽然水生生物占据了水生丛林的底层，但树顶的数量却在增长，
While aquatic creatures take possession of the watery jungle floor, the population at the top of the trees is growing,
而关系也相应紧张
and relations are correspondingly strained.
蝉、蚱蜢、蝴蝶、甲虫都栖息在空中花♥园♥
Cicadas, grasshoppers, butterflies, and beetles all inhabit the aerial garden.
在它们之后，许多种类的动物逃离上升的水域，希望得到一份松脆的零食
And after them, many species of animals fleeing the rising waters, hoping for a crunchy snack.
在丛林树冠下的家，可以像在地面上一样甜蜜
Home in the canopy of the jungle can be as sweet as it is on the ground.
至少对于长鼻浣熊这样的优秀攀登者来说是这样的
At least for excellent climbers such as the coati.
南美洲或环尾长鼻浣熊是天生的攀登者
The South American or ring-tailed coati is a gifted climber.
它有力的爪子使它能很好地抓住树干和树枝
Its powerful claws give it excellent grip on the trunks and branches.
它是一种敏捷而强壮的动物，它的尾巴有助于平衡
It is an agile and strong animal, and its tail helps with balance.
在洪水期间，它会爬上树干，在倒下的树木之间轻松移♥动♥，
During the floods, it climbs the trunks and moves easily between fallen trees,
寻找隐藏在腐木其中的幼虫
looking for the rotten wood in which larvae are bound.
蝉和蚱蜢也是受欢迎的开胃菜
Cicadas and grasshoppers are a welcome appetiser too.
在漂流者的世界里，食物的竞争是理所当然的
In the world of castaways, competition for food is a given.
但小食蚁兽并不是洪水中逃离的幸存者，在树林中寻求安全
But the tamandua is not a fleeing survivor of the floods looking for safety in the trees.
这是一种栖息在树上的食蚁兽，专门在树枝上寻找白蚁和蚂蚁
This is a tree-dwelling anteater that has specialised in searching for termites and ants in the branches.
而它的生命通常发生在丛林的顶端
And the top of the jungle is where its life usually happens.
下面森林地面的洪水真的不用担心
The flooding of the forest floor below really is of no concern.
对小食蚁兽来说，逃离水的新居民的入侵是一种讨厌的东西
To the tamandua, the invasion of new residents fleeing the water is a nuisance.
但即便如此，它们还是要处理日常事务
But even so, they go about their daily business.
白蚁无处不在，小食蚁兽毫不费力地折断腐烂的树皮，然后用它们长长的
Termites are everywhere, and the tamandua break the decaying bark effortlessly and then use their long,
黏黏的舌头，收集昆虫的好收成
sticky tongues to collect a good insect harvest.
在洪水退去前的几个月里，
For a few months before the waters recede,
小食蚁兽别无选择，只能与新来者分享自己的领地
the tamandua have no choice but to share their territory with the recent arrivals.
丛林被洪水淹没，是专家们出动的时候了
With the jungle flooded, it's the time of the specialists.
其中包括一些非常有名的捕食者
That includes some very well-known predators.
一只豹猫在它的巢里观察着，它在树的中♥央♥，干燥而舒适
A margay watches from its nest, dry and comfortable in the heart of a tree.
和小食蚁兽一样，这种猫科动物一生中的大部分时间也在树枝之间攀爬跳跃
Like the tamandua, this species of feline also spends much of its life climbing and jumping between branches.
所以它在洪水泛滥的时候，仍然过着正常的生活
So it leads a normal life during the time of the flood.
豹猫的脚踝已经适应了树栖的生活方式，它们可以旋转，所以猫可以头朝下
The margay's ankles have adapted to its arboreal lifestyle and they can rotate so the cat can descend head first.
豹猫是一种极其敏捷的动物，
The margay is an extremely agile animal,
而且它捕猎生活在树冠中的小昆虫的速度和技巧
and it hunts the small insects that live in the canopy with speed and skill.
现在如此丰富的鸟类和大昆虫，经常出现在它的菜单上
Birds and large insects, now so abundant, are often on its menu.
但森林里有很多眼睛，要接近猎物并不是一件容易的事
But the forest has many eyes, and it's not such an easy matter to approach your prey.
只有最坚定的毅力，才能保证猎手的生存
Only the most determined perseverance ensures the survival of hunters.
这一次，它抓到了一只小啮齿动物
This time, it has caught a small rodent.
在空中和水上，在高处和地下，到处都潜伏着猎手
By air and by water, in the heights and down below, hunters lurk everywhere.
在这片千变万化的森林里，危险来自于土地或水，
In this ever-changing forest, danger comes from land or water,
这取决于季节，随着大河的涨落，捕食者会获得或失去地盘
depending on the season, as predators gain or lose territory as the great river rises and falls.
传说中的食人鱼，是最可怕的食肉淡水鱼，
The legendary piranha, the most feared of carnivorous freshwater fish,
利用洪水暂时征服了新界，那里的水道水流更清澈
takes advantage of the floods to temporarily conquer new territories where channels run with clearer water.
食人鱼是一个庞大的鱼类家族，它们成群生活和捕食
Piranhas are a huge family of fish who live and hunt in groups.
它们在阻止其它鱼类数量方面的作用是关键，
Their role in keeping populations of other fish at bay is key,
但同时，它们也通过食用尸体来保持河水的清洁
but also, they maintain the cleanliness of the river by consuming cadavers.
这些是亚马逊的硬汉警♥察♥，让它远离有机残留物
These are the tough cops of the Amazon, keeping it free of organic remains.
食人鱼如此贪婪，在水里靠近它们的都有危险
Such is the voracity of piranhas that anyone near them in the water is in danger.
松鼠猴似乎知道，最好不要在水面下进行翻找
Squirrel monkeys seem to know that it's best not to investigate below the surface.
水中隐藏着危险的秘密
The waters hide dangerous mysteries.
这些食人鱼的偶然邻居也过着集体生活，非常掠食
These occasional neighbours of the piranhas also lead a communal life and are extremely predatory.
松鼠猴非常活跃
Squirrel monkeys are very active.
它们在丛林的树枝间不停地跳跃、奔跑、徘徊
They jump, run, and prowl relentlessly among the jungle branches.
它们群居生活
They live in large groups.
这是大♥陆♥上猴子数量最多的聚集地，有些猴群甚至能达到50只
The most numerous gatherings of monkeys on the continent, with some troops reaching 50 individuals.
它们是不知疲倦的生物
They are indefatigable creatures.
它们检查每一片叶子，一边，然后另一边，寻找甲虫、蝴蝶或蜘蛛
They examine every leaf, one side, then the other, in search of beetles, butterflies, or spiders.
它们也知道如何享受丛林提供的蔬菜美食，尤其是香甜成熟的水果
They also know how to enjoy the vegetable delights that the jungle offers, especially sweet, ripe fruit.
但为了捕猎和进食，身手敏捷和跳跃并不重要
But to hunt and eat, it's not essential to be quick and jumpy.
侏儒狨猴的做法与松鼠猴相反，它们对待生命极其缓慢
Pygmy marmosets do the opposite of squirrel monkeys and take life extremely slowly.
侏儒狨猴是新世界里最小的猴子，
Pygmy marmosets are the smallest monkey in the new world,
重不到100克，在另一个世界里，比一个苹果还轻很多
weighing barely 100 grams, in other worlds, a lot less than an apple.
除了水果和树脂，它们的食物中有很大一部分是美味的昆虫
As well as fruit and resin, a large proportion of their diet is made up of delicious insects.
与松鼠猴相比，它们的策略是观察和缓慢隐身
And in contrast to squirrel monkeys, their strategy is one of observation and slow stealth.
侏儒狨猴会小心每一个动作，以免吓到猎物
Pygmy marmosets gauge every movement so as not to scare their prey.
在超级慢动作中，每一步都非常小心翼翼，
In super slow-mo, each step is taken with the greatest of care,
以这样的速度，不太可能吓跑任何潜在受害者
at such a speed that it's unlikely to scare off any potential victim.
但当它发现一个大而美味的昆虫时，速度取代了隐身，昆虫就无处可逃了
But when it spots a large, tasty insect, speed replaces stealth and the insect is left with no escape.
早餐端上来了
Breakfast is served.
侏儒绒猴是一种体型很小的大型捕食者，它太小了，不可能出现在另一个伟大的猎手的雷达上
The pygmy marmoset, a great predator on a tiny scale, is too small to be on another great hunter's radar.
角雕还在认真养育幼鹰，
The harpy eagles are still conscientiously bringing up baby,
而与此同时，统治着丛林，恐吓着洪水森林里的所有生物
while at the same time, reigning over the jungle and scaring all living beings in the flooded forest.
它们所有的，无论是攀爬的还是被遗弃的，一听到它凶猛的尖叫声，都惊恐地逃跑了
They all, be they climb or all castaway, flee in fear on hearing its ferocious screech.
大猛禽巢穴下面的洪水几乎不会影响它，
The flooding below the great raptor's nest hardly affects it,
除了每年有几个月，
except that for a few months every year,
鹰的空中王国和粉河豚的水上王国……
the eagle's aerial realm and the aquatic domain of the pink dolphins...
近到几乎使它们成为不同王国的相邻君主
are close enough almost to make them neighbouring monarchs of very different kingdoms.
上面，雄鹰用铁爪统治
Above, the eagle's rule with an iron claw.
水下，河豚花了半年的时间在沉树的树枝间的巨型植物下施展它的力量
The dolphin spends half a year exerting its power under giant plants among the submerged branches of sunken trees.
它们的身体完美地适应了这样的生活
Their bodies are perfectly adapted to such a life.
在海豚科中，亚马逊河豚的身体是独一无二的
Among dolphins, the body of the Amazonian dolphin is unique.
与它们的海上亲戚不同，粉红河豚的脖子是可以转动的，
Unlike their sea-going relatives, the neck of the pink dolphin is articulated,
允许它在游泳和旋转时，在缠绕的、绿树成荫的水世界中寻找食物
allowing it to turn its head as it swims and twists in its search for food in the tangled, tree-lined water world.
树间的河豚，确实独一无二
An arboreal dolphin, unique indeed.
粉红色的亚马逊河豚过着相对舒适的生活，
The pink Amazon dolphin leads a relatively comfortable life,
因为这条大河里至少有3800种不同的鱼，这给了它令人愉快的多样化的饮食
since the great river houses at least 3,800 different species of fish, giving it an enjoyably varied diet.
这条河的生物多样性的范围和数量，就像从河水中升起的丛林一样令人敬畏
The range and volume of the river's biodiversity is as awesome as that of the jungle that rises from its waters.
这里的动植物就像大河和大森林本身一样具有传奇色彩
Home to flora and fauna as legendary as the great river and the great forest themselves.
两个亚马逊，一个特别的体系，美洲最大的雨林，
Two Amazon's, one special universe, the largest rainforest in America,
以及整个地球
and on the whole of planet Earth.