南太平洋（2009）

As the net closes,
网底部的拉绳被拉紧
a draw-cord running along the bottom of the net is pulled tight.
渔网成为一个袋子或"囊"而鱼被困住了
The net becomes a bag, or "purse", and the fish are trapped.
这一网有150吨♥鱼
There are 150 tonnes of fish in this one haul.
过去一艘渔船要花一整年才能捕这么多鱼
It used to take a fishing vessel one whole year to catch this many fish.
大部分是黄鳍金枪鱼 加上一些鲣鱼
These are mostly yellowfin tuna, plus some skipjack.
因为它们发育比鲣鱼更缓慢
As they're slower breeders than skipjack,
许多黄鳍金枪鱼在长到能够繁殖前就被捕捞
many yellowfin are caught before they're old enough to breed.
这使它们更容易因过度捕捞而受损
This makes them more vulnerable to over-fishing.
金枪鱼捕捞已经发展成一项 八十亿美元的产业
Tuna fishing has grown into an eight-billion dollar industry.
每年在全世界有超过 四百万吨♥金枪鱼被捕捞
And over four million tonnes of tuna are caught worldwide each year,
每十年增加四倍
a four-fold increase in as many decades.
目前有几乎三分之二是来自太平洋
Almost two-thirds of the catch now comes from the Pacific.
在大西洋 黄鳍金枪鱼的捕获量 自1990年以后就一直下降
In the Atlantic, yellowfin catches have been shrinking since 1990.
现在相似的减少已经在太平洋开始
Now a similar decline has begun in the Pacific.
金枪鱼需要持续游动
Tuna need to swim constantly
使海水流过它们的鳃 否则它们不能呼吸
to keep water flowing over their gills, otherwise they can't breathe.
渔工要尽快地把他们弄出水
The fishermen want to get them out of the water as quickly as possible.
当缺氧时 它们的肌肉中会有乳酸形成
When starved of oxygen, a build-up of lactic acid in their muscles
导致肉质恶化
causes the quality of their meat to deteriorate.
鱼被捞出水 每次一两吨♥
The fish are scooped up from the water, a tonne or two at a time.
这个7,000尾的黄鳍金枪鱼和鲣鱼鱼群中的每一条鱼都被拖出水面
Every last fish from this school
这个7,000尾的黄鳍金枪鱼和鲣鱼鱼群中的每一条鱼都被拖出水面
of 7,000 yellowfin and skipjack tuna is plucked from the water.
今天捕渔技术的高效
With fishing techniques now so efficient,
加上越来越多往来于太平洋的渔船
and with ever more vessels plying the Pacific,
生物学家们真正担心的是
there is real concern among biologists
甚至恢复力强的鲣鱼也可能开始减少
that even the resilient skipjack may begin to decline.
这艘船不是新来的
This vessel is not one of the newcomers.
它是艘悬挂巴布亚新几内亚旗帜的船 在他们的领海捕渔
It's a Papua-New-Guinea-flagged ship, fishing in their territorial waters.
有必要设立太平洋水域捕捞限制 及规范的严格体制
So it's subject to catch limits
有必要设立太平洋水域捕捞限制 及规范的严格体制
and regulations that are amongst the strictest in the Pacific,
以保证金枪鱼捕捞的可持续性
designed to ensure that tuna fishing remains sustainable.
新几内亚籍的渔民担忧的是外国捕捞太平洋金枪鱼的渔船数量的日益增长
But New Guinea's fishermen are concerned
新几内亚籍的渔民担忧的是外国捕捞太平洋金枪鱼的渔船数量的日益增长
about the increasing numbers
新几内亚籍的渔民担忧的是外国捕捞太平洋金枪鱼的渔船数量的日益增长
of foreign vessels now fishing for Pacific tuna.
第一个计划将国家水域外的公海口袋
They were the first nation to propose
宣布为海洋保护区的国家
that the high-seas pockets beyond their national waters
这得到了绿色和平组织的拥护
be declared marine reserves, as now advocated by Greenpeace.
在我们的摄影师离开埃斯佩兰萨号♥之后
After our cameraman left the Esperanza,
绿色和平组织继续他们的旅程
Greenpeace continued their journey,
并拍下世界最大的围网渔船的这些画面
and captured these images of the world's biggest purse seiner,
几乎四倍于新几内亚渔船捕捞能力
with a capacity almost four times larger than the New Guinea vessel.
它是艘西班牙的太平洋金枪鱼渔船
It's a Spanish ship fishing for Pacific tuna
为欧洲的超级市场供货
to stock European supermarkets.
如此大型船只的出现
The presence of such large vessels,
来自一些捕光了金枪鱼的国家
from countries that have already over-fished their own tuna stocks,
已经使当地捕渔船队的 操作员不耐烦和愤怒
has riled the operators of local fishing fleets,
也许是有一定道理的
perhaps with some justification.
一些生物学家最近已经警告 太平洋的金枪鱼
Some biologists have recently warned that tuna populations in the Pacific
将在五年之内消失 除非采取紧急的行动
will be crashing within five years unless urgent action is taken.
也许是时候反思我们捕渔的方式了
Perhaps it's time to think again about the ways we fish.
这些用杆和线的渔民是所罗门群岛居民
These pole and line fishermen are Solomon Islanders,
这种捕渔法是当地的一种工业
and this fishing is a local industry.
他们针对的是特定的种群和成熟的个体
They target specific species, and mature individuals.
几乎没有任何的附带捕捉－没有海鸟 没有鲨鱼
There's almost no by-catch - no sea birds, no sharks.
而且他们是有选择的 把鲣鱼从鱼钩上解脱
And they can be selective, flicking juvenile fish off their hooks
使它们能成长并繁衍
so they can grow and breed.
因为不可能钓起鱼群中的每一条鱼
Because it's impossible to hook every last fish in a school,
总有一些能留到将来
some are always left to fight another day.
而且因为鱼不被困在网中长达数小时之久
And since the fish don't suffer for hours in nets,
肉的品质很好
this meat is of a high quality.
这些渔民或许不像围网渔船 能捕到那么多鱼
These fishermen may not catch as many fish as a purse seiner,
但是 那才是重点
but then, that's the point.
捕渔方式是否恰当取决于
Whether any fishing is sustainable
有多少鱼被捕捞, 有多少被留下繁殖
depends on how many fish are caught, how many are left to breed
又有多少其他的种类被意外捕获
and how many other species are caught by accident.
但这些渔民可能已经正确掌握了这点
But these fishermen may have got it about right.
海洋管理委员会评估了世界渔业
The Marine Stewardship Council assesses the environmental impacts
对环境的影响 他们相信杆线捕渔有潜能
of the world's fisheries, and they believe
被核准为正式的可维持性捕渔方式
that pole and line fisheries have the potential
被核准为正式的可维持性捕渔方式
to be approved as officially sustainable.
因此现在接下来的问题是我们吃鱼的人
So now it's down to us, the fish-eaters.
可能要多花几便士来买♥♥一听
It may cost a few pennies more
标有"可维持性捕捞"的金枪鱼
to buy a tin of tuna labelled "sustainably caught",
但是它会确保子孙后代也能享用 金枪鱼三明治
but it could ensure future generations can also enjoy a tuna sandwich,
金枪鱼排或生鱼片
tuna steak or sashimi.
而且保护鱼类赋予太平洋所有的海洋生物
And protecting the fish will ensure a healthy ocean
一片健康的海洋
for all the marine life of the Pacific.
它需要国际间的约定和合作
It will require international commitment and co-operation,
但鲸鱼的例子提醒人们这是可行的
but the whales are a reminder that it can be done.
为了鲸鱼 为了鱼类 也为我们自己
For the whales, for the fish, and for ourselves,
我们收获太平洋的方法
the way we harvest the Pacific is key
关键是要保护这个脆弱的海洋天堂
to protecting this fragile ocean paradise.
要拍摄围网捕鱼场景
To film the purse seine fishing sequence,
南太平洋摄制组决定他们要将一名摄影师
the South Pacific team decided they would need to put a cameraman
派到渔网内
inside the fishing net.
极少潜水者曾经尝试过这种做法
Few divers have ever attempted this before
而且被证明是一场真正的挑战
and it proved to be a real challenge.
为及时到达正确地点
To be in the right spot at the right time,
摄制组不得不长住在一艘围网渔船上
the film crew have to take up residence on a purse seine vessel.
这艘60米的巴布亚新几内亚 渔船能装800吨♥的鱼
This 60-metre Papua New Guinea vessel can hold 800 tonnes of fish.
对于30多名清一色男性的 船员来说船就是家
For the 30-strong, all-male crew this boat is home.
他们一年中有330天在海上度过
They spend 330 days of the year at sea,
而且一走就两年见不到他们家人
and can go two years without seeing their families.
他们的生活就是不停追逐鱼群
Their lives are a never-ending quest for fish.
他们进港三天
They're in port for three days,
给了摄制组一个
which gives the film crew a chance
登船的机会
to jump on board.
我们来了
Here we are.
这是一片辽阔的大海
It's a vast ocean,
连渔民也不知道鱼在哪里
and even the fishermen don't know where the fish are,
因此他们为大收获地点定了一条路线
so they set a course for the location of their last big catch.
摄制组安排了一艘潜水船 在那里与他们汇合
The film crew have arranged for a dive boat to meet them there.
没有专业潜水船的支持
Without the support of a professional dive boat,
进入水里并拍摄会有危险
it would be dangerous to get in the water and film.
出发后仅几小时 收到报告说
Just hours after leaving, reports come in
大金枪鱼群在北边
of big tuna catches up north,
于是船长设定新的路线
and the captain sets a new course.
对摄制组来说这不是好消息
This is not good news for the team.
我们的潜水船停在这儿
Our dive boat is based out of here...
而我们要往这里去
and we're gonna be up here.
对于潜水船 得走上大约45个小时
For the dive boat, that would be about 45 hours.
新地点完全超出了潜水船的范围
This new location is well out of range of the dive boat.
由于拍摄的成功取决于潜水
With the success of the shoot hinging on the diving,
事态的转变令人担忧
this is a worrying turn of events.
渔船马达彻夜轰鸣把摄制组带离
The fishing boat motors on all night, taking the team
计划中的集♥合♥地越来越远
further and further from their planned rendezvous.
我们现在的位置是三度...
Our position now is three degrees...
最后 摄制组联络上了一艘经过的渔船
Eventually, the crew make contact with a passing fishing boat,
它正向后朝他们潜水船的方向去
and it's heading back in the direction of their dive boat.
那儿有另一艘船
There is another boat out here,
它的路线要好得多 所以我们要换船了
which is going on a much better course, so we're gonna transfer.
摄制组的幸运逃亡
It's a lucky escape for the team.
新船没日没夜地驶向新的渔场
The new vessel spends all day and all night
新船没日没夜地驶向新的渔场
motoring towards the new fishing grounds.
早上8:28 我们发现鱼了
8.28 in the morning, and we've already discovered fish.
就在那里 大约150米
Right out there, about 150 metres,
大海在翻腾冒泡
the sea is frothing and boiling
显然金枪鱼在那
and that's obviously where the tuna are,
因此船绕着它转一个圈而 他们将会那里下网
so the ship is doing a circle round it and that's where they'll set the nets.
开始了 开始了