南太平洋（2009）

This is a community-owned reef
收入的一部分归当地的村民
and some of the money goes to the local villagers...
对禁止捕杀鲨鱼有很大激励
a big incentive not to kill the main attraction.
斐济人长久以来和鲨鱼关系密切
Fijians have long had an affinity with sharks.
他们的祖先崇拜一位鲨鱼神
Their ancestors worshipped a shark god,
他们相信他能保护他们免受伤害
who they believed kept them safe from harm.
他们会喂养鲨鱼 而不捕杀它们
They would feed sharks, not hunt them,
这些潜水者延续这一传统
and these divers continue the tradition.
首先来赴宴的是黄褐色的护士鲨
First to the feast are tawny nurse sharks.
但是这些鲨鱼是清道夫
But these sharks are scavengers.
游客们想要见到的是大型掠食者
It's the big predators the tourists want to see.
白真鲨
Bull sharks.
能长到三米半长
Growing up to three-and-a-half metres long,
这些鲨鱼是大海中的最高层掠食者之一
these sharks are one of the ocean's top predators,
因其富于攻击性而闻名
with an aggressive reputation.
首席喂鲨人
The chief shark feeder
来自于仍然内崇拜鲨鱼神的一个村庄
is from a village where the shark god is still worshiped.
因此他无所畏惧
So he has no fear.
一碗鱼翅汤能卖♥♥到超过100美元
A bowl of shark-fin soup can sell for over 100 dollars,
但在这里 每个游客花钱是为了 见到这些活着的鲨鱼
but here, each tourist pays that to see these sharks alive
潜水每星期进行几次
and dives take place several times each week.
为了保护鲨鱼
To protect the sharks,
这片珊瑚礁现在已经被宣布为海洋保护区
this reef has now been declared a marine reserve...
连带着其他的鱼类也得到了保护
..with the added bonus that other fish are protected too.
在保护区设立以前 这片珊瑚礁的鱼曾被捕光了
Before the reserve was established, this reef had been fished-out.
那时甚至这般大小的金骨鱼也很稀少
Even a single giant trevally of this size was a rarity.
今天 潜水者受到特别的礼遇
Today, the divers are in for a special treat.
一只五米长的虎鲨
A five-metre tiger shark.
潜水员领队给它起名叫疤面人
The dive leaders have named her Scarface.
它一个月左右出现一次
She turns up once a month or so.
它很好奇 但不具攻击性
She's inquisitive, but not aggressive.
表演结束
The show's over.
潜水者度过了美好的一天 当地居民也得到了好处
The divers have had a great day, and local people benefit too.
鱼这么多 使得有一些进入到了 保护区外的水域
With so many fish, some spill over into the waters beyond the reserve,
在那里渔民们现在捕到的鱼
where fishermen now catch many more
要多于保护区设立之前
than they did before the reserve was set up.
海洋保护区显然起效了
Marine reserves clearly work.
那为什么不多设一些呢?
So why aren't there more of them?
事实上 海洋保护区在保护野生生物方面 比陆地上落后数十年
In truth, marine protection is decades behind wildlife protection on land.
以新西兰群岛为例
Take the islands of New Zealand.
在耕种区之外是大自然可以 蓬勃发展的荒野
Beyond the farmed landscape are wild places where nature can flourish.
超过1/4的国土被留作
More than a quarter of the country is set aside
国家公园和其他的保护区
in national parks and other reserves.
相比之下 只有不足1%的 太平洋海域受保护
In contrast, less than 1% of the Pacific Ocean is protected.
相反地 它被划分为多个捕捞区
Instead, it is divided up into fishing zones.
每个岛国拥有在其海岸 200英里内捕渔的权利
Each island nation owns the fishing rights up to 200 miles offshore.
这些领海之外是所谓的"公海"
Beyond these territorial waters are the so-called "high seas".
被各国海域所包围
Bounded by national waters,
西太平洋的公海口袋形水域
the high-seas pockets of the western Pacific
面♥积♥有五十万平方英里
cover half a million square miles.
周围的岛国希望这些"口袋"
The surrounding island nations would like these pockets
被宣布为海洋保护区
to be declared marine reserves...
洄游鱼类觅食的安全避难所
safe havens where migratory fish can breed.
绿色和平组织正努力实现这一想法
The idea is being promoted by Greenpeace.
绿色和平组织因发起拯救鲸鱼运动而扬名
Greenpeace made their name campaigning to save the whales.
他们正在就人们关于太平洋鱼类
They're now responding to concerns
未来的担忧作出回应
about the future of the Pacific's fish.
他们现在所巡逻的"公海口袋"
The high-seas pockets they're now patrolling
曾经一度自♥由♥捕渔
were once a fishing free-for-all.
虽然现在受国际条约约束
Although now regulated by international treaty,
这些地方还是极少被管制
they are rarely policed,
因此绿色和平组织自己 担任了监视者的角色
so Greenpeace have assigned a monitoring role to themselves.
这是埃斯佩兰萨号♥
This is the Esperanza...
绿色和平组织最大的一艘船
Greenpeace's largest vessel.
船员正在寻找捕渔活动的迹象
The crew are searching for any sign of fishing activity
但这是片广阔的区域
but it's a huge area.
出海两个星期之后 雷达上的信♥号♥♥显示
After two weeks at sea, a blip on the radar indicates
有一艘渔船在附近
a fishing vessel is near.
绿色和平组织想知道
Greenpeace want to discover
船是从哪里来的 和它捕获了什么
where the vessel is from and what it's been catching.
他们放出皮艇
They launch their inflatable boats.
虽然绿色和平组织会拍摄他们自己的活动
Although Greenpeace film their own activities,
我们仍在船上安排我们的摄影师 以确保对事件作没有偏见记录
we put our cameraman on board to ensure an unbiased record of events.
因为这是国际公海 任何的国家都能合法地在这里捕渔
As these are international waters, any nation can fish here legally,
很多国家都这么做 包括美国
and many do, including the US,
欧盟、日本和其他东亚国家
the European Union, Japan and other East Asian countries.
这是一艘巨大的台♥湾♥长线渔船
This is a large Taiwanese long-liner.
台♥湾♥拥有大型的捕渔船队 其中许多船
Taiwan has a large fishing fleet, with many vessels fishing
几乎专门在国际公海中捕渔
almost exclusively in international waters.
这次会面相当友善
The encounter turns out to be entirely amicable.
对渔民而言在公海上♥访♥客是罕有的
Visitors are rare for fishermen on the high seas,
而这些人不认为他们有什么需要隐瞒
and these men are not aware they have anything to hide.
绿色和平组织询问他们能否检查捕获物
Greenpeace ask if they can inspect the vessel's catch
渔民答应了他们的请求
and the fishermen oblige.
在一个冰库里 有数十条冷冻的鲨鱼
In a freezer, there are several dozen frozen sharks
但是有价值的部份被储存其他地方
but the valuable parts are being stored elsewhere.
鲨鱼鳍 你们会...?
The shark fin, what do you...?
你们也在台♥湾♥出♥售♥它们吗？ 不 不
Do you sell them in Taiwan too? No, no.
在另外一个冰库里是十几麻袋的鱼翅
In another freezer are a dozen sacks of shark fins.
数百条鲨鱼身上的鳍
The fins from hundreds of sharks.
藉由证明这些捕捉 绿色和平组织希望强调
By documenting these catches, Greenpeace hope to highlight
为什么将这些公海口袋宣布 为海洋保护区是必须的
why it's necessary to declare these high-sea pockets marine reserves,
并支持日渐发展的太平洋岛民的保护运动
and to back the growing movement from Pacific Islanders for protection.
这将有助于保护所有的海洋生物
This would help to protect all ocean life,
尤其是宝贵的金枪鱼
especially the valuable tuna.
金枪鱼是掠食性鱼类
Tuna are predators.
它们将小鱼赶到海面
They herd smaller fish to the surface,
在那里把小鱼逐一吞食
where they can be picked off one by one.
它们游动迅速－是大海里的猎豹
They are high-speed fish - the cheetahs of the ocean.
它们也是牛羚－常常成千上万地聚集
They're also the wildebeest - they herd together in their thousands
并为寻找猎物在太平洋各处 进行史诗般的迁移
and undertake epic migrations across the Pacific in search of their prey.
如果生活在陆地上
If these animals lived on land,
它们将会因为地球提供最壮丽的 野生动物奇观而闻名
they'd be famous for providing the greatest wildlife spectacle on Earth.
然而 现在人们更多地认识它们是 作为三明治的填充物
Instead, they're better known as a filling for a sandwich.
在没有海洋保护区的大海中 洄游鱼类无处藏身
In an ocean with no marine reserves, migratory fish have nowhere to hide.
长2公里深200米
Up to 2 kilometres long and 200 metres deep,
大型围网被专门设计用来围捕金枪鱼
"purse seine" nets are designed to encircle schools of tuna.
一个渔民检查他的网 呼吸的空气由一根管子
A fisherman checks his nets, breathing air pumped down a tube
从上方的船泵压下来
from the vessel above.
这些网捕捉到的不只是金枪鱼
It's not only tuna that get caught in these nets.
一只孤独的海龟在错误的时间 来到了错误的地方
A lone turtle was in the wrong place at the wrong time.
它只能屏息几分钟
She can only hold her breath for a few minutes
辨不清往海面的路
and the path to the surface isn't clear.
它开始惊慌
She begins to panic.
渔民里有关于海龟的迷信
These fishermen are superstitious about turtles.
把海龟抓上船
Bringing one on board
会带来厄运
is bad luck.
这是它的幸运日
It's her lucky day.
每年有越来越多的渔船被吸引
More and more fishing vessels are being drawn
到南太平洋 这是最后几处
to the South Pacific each year, as this is one of the last oceans
鱼群数量健康的海域之一
where healthy numbers of fish still remain.
可是还能持续多久?
But for how much longer?
捕渔现在是高科技作业 由雷达辨认
Fishing is now a high-tech operation, with radar picking up
远方显示水下觅食鱼群的海鸟群
distant flocks of birds that indicate fish feeding below.
撒下的渔网在鱼周围围成了 一个巨大的包围圈
The net is paid out in a wide circle around the fish.
这是场与时间的赛跑 因为鱼群会随时消失
It's a race against time, as the fish could disappear at any moment.
当这个圆收缩 颜料块被丢到水里
As the circle closes, pellets of dye are dropped into the water.
颜料和上方的高速快艇
The dye, and the speedboats overhead,
使金枪鱼丧失冲出收缩中的
discourage the tuna from making a dash through the closing gap
网墙空隙的信心
in the wall of net.
当网收紧