生命故事（2014）

如果小牛必须为迁移做准备
If the calf is to be ready for the migration,
那么他们两现在需要的是和平共处
then what they both need now is to be left in peace.
但在这里，出生的季节和交♥配♥季节相遇
But here, the birthing season and the mating season coincide,
而这将带来麻烦
and that spells trouble.
雄性座头鲸会追求任何女性，
Male humpbacks will pursue any females,
即使她们还在护理中不能怀孕
even if they are still nursing and so can't get pregnant.
这40吨♥的男性失去了睾酮
These 40-tonne males,fired-up with testosterone,
对任何被困于追逐中的小牛形成了严重威胁
pose a serious threat to any calfthat gets caught up in the chase.
母亲试图赶跑公鲸鱼，小鲸鱼明智地尽可能离母亲
As the mother tries to outrun the males, the calf sensibly stays
越近越好，避免分散走失
as close to her as possible,to avoid being separated and lost.
随着越来越多的男性加入追截
As more and more males join the chase,
气氛变得越来越具侵略性
the mood becomes ever more aggressive.
现在小鲸鱼真正面临
Now there is a real danger of the calf being injured
被挥动的尾巴和冲撞的躯体弄伤的危险
by flailing tails and crashing bodies.
最终，公鲸鱼变得如此全神贯注于
Eventually, the males become so pre-occupied
与彼此搏斗以至于小鲸鱼和她的母亲能得以逃脱
with fighting each other that the calf and her mother can escape.
即使小牛得以安然无恙离开
Even if a calf gets away unharmed,
磨难仍可以让其精疲力竭
the ordeal can leave it exhausted.
在繁殖季节的危险
The dangers from the breeding season
只会愈演愈烈
will only grow in intensity
有些小牛将变得如此衰弱
and some calves will become so weakened
他们会在将来的大迁徙中挣扎着求生
that they'll struggle to survive the coming migration.
即使是最可怕的猎食动物也是如此
Even the most formidable predators
婴儿期却惊人地的脆弱。
are surprisingly vulnerable in infancy.
在肯尼亚马赛玛拉，一个小狮子平均
Here in Kenya's Maasai Mara,a lion cub has, on average,
在头两年只有五分之一存活的机会
only a one-in-five chance of surviving its first two years.
哪只能存活
Which ones do so
取决于他们所属狮群
depends on the strength of the pride
的力量
to which they belong.
六周内，这只女幼崽
For six weeks, this female cub
一直由她母亲将其藏在长草丛里
has been hidden away by her mother in the long grass.
但今天，她同她哥哥和姐姐
But today,with her brother and sister,
参加了她所在狮群里的幼儿所
she's going to join the creche
at the heart of her pride.
成年女狮子提供食物和第一道防线
Adult females provide the food and the first line of defence.
一同还有她狮群里的四个成员
With at least four in her pride,
这只幼崽应该受到很好的照顾
this cub should be well looked after.
所有的母狮
有着自己的幼崽，
All the lionesses have their own cubs,
即将成为两个玩伴和未来的盟友
who will be both playmates and future allies.
在母狮警觉的注视下
Under the females' watchful eyes,
练习她跟踪 突袭 和战斗技能
she can practice her stalking,pouncing and fighting skills.
但是还有一个家庭成员要见面
But there is one more family member to meet,
也许是所有中最重要的
and perhaps the most important of all.
她父亲
Her father.
她最终的守护者
Her ultimate defender.
这些持续掠夺的雄狮是种持续的威胁
Marauding rival male lions are a constant threat.
如果他们推♥翻♥了他，他们会杀了他所有的幼崽
If they overthrew him,they would kill all his cubs
和他们的爸爸
and father their own.
整个狮群的安全
The security of the whole pride,
和这个幼仔的未来
and this cub's future,
依托于他保持强劲
rests on him remaining strong.
但有一种动物如果父母不支持的话
But the early days of an animal's life are a very different prospect
早期的生活将是一个非常不同的前景
if its parents do not support it.
这种奇特的 几乎陌生的场景
This peculiar, almost alien scene
事实上是一窝
is in fact the emergence of a brood
兰花螳螂的出现
of orchid mantids
从他们的蛋囊里
from their egg case.
螳螂 正如同大多数动物 玩数量游戏
Mantids, like the great majority of animals, play the numbers game.
有超过60只的孵化
Having over 60 hatchlings
增加了一些成长到成年的机会
increases the chances that a few will make it to adulthood.
但在头几分钟，他们特别脆弱
But during these first minutes,they are especially vulnerable.
他们必须迅速躲藏
They must quickly hide away...
等待他们柔软的身体硬化
and wait for their soft bodies to harden.
20分钟内，他们转化。
Within 20 minutes,they are transformed.
现在最紧迫的危险来自于对方彼此
Now the immediate danger is from each other.
螳螂会吃任何移♥动♥的东西
Mantids will eat anything that moves...
包括其他的螳螂
including other mantids.
该是离开的时候了
Time to leave.
这个微小的昆虫现在暴露于潜伏在灌木丛中
This tiny insect is now open to attack from predators
的捕食者的攻击
lurking in the undergrowth.
一只单独的螳螂能否生存
Whether an individual mantis survives or not
部分原因是运气。
is partly a matter of chance.
无论他是否被捕食者发现…
Whether it's spotted by a predator...
无论他向右
Whether it turns right..
或向左
or left...
到目前为止 运气不错
So far, its luck has held.
但这个饥饿的跳蛛仍然在追踪
But this hungry jumping spider is still in pursuit.
一只螳螂天生具有卓越的视力
A mantis is born with exceptional eyesight.
但是蜘蛛的(视力)甚至更好。
But the spider's is even better.
虽然这个年轻螳螂还不能飞
Although this young mantis can't yet fly,
它长长的前腿演变为捕捉猎物用 使得它能够到
its long forelegs, evolved to catch prey, give it reach.
似乎无处可逃
There seems to be no escape.
但这螳螂在自我防卫中有着个令人惊讶的招数
But this mantis has a surprising line in self-defence.
功夫 螳螂风格
Kung fu, praying mantis style.
当然，这只是虚张声势，试图着看起来更大和迷惑敌人
Of course, it's all bluff, trying to look bigger and confuse its enemy.
但它离开了它
But it's got away with it.
仅仅在它的最初几个小时活着
Just staying alive for its first few hours
对于一个新孵出的昆虫就是一个显著的成就了
is a significant accomplishment for a newly hatched insect.
但仍有很长的路要走
But there's still a long way to go.
有一点运气，在两个月的时间里
With a bit of luck,in two months' time,
这将变成这种大而美丽的兰花螳螂
it will be as big and beautiful as this orchid mantid.
也许不是
Or maybe not.
毕竟 螳螂是食肉类
After all, mantids are cannibals.
然而 从那个来的地方有更多
However, there are plenty more where that one came from.
一只年轻的海豹
A young fur seal,
刚刚年纪足够大到被单独留下而母亲狩猎出海
just old enough to be left alone while its mother hunts out at sea.
离这些海豹到这些危险的水域探索学习为自己抓住自己的食物
the pup has to negotiate these treacherous waters for itself and learn to catch its own food,
不会过太久的
It won't be long before
同时避免掠食者
while avoiding predators.
但他现在可以不必冒着上最后一节课的风险来学习了
But how can he take his first lesson without risking it being his last?
幸运的是，在凯库拉新西兰这个海岸的海豹
Luckily, the fur seals on this beach in Kaikoura, New Zealand, have,
在过去的十年中，找到最适合做这件事情的地方
in the last decade, discovered the perfect place to do that.
令人惊讶的是这些幼崽并非朝着大海而是内陆
Surprisingly, the pup heads not towards the sea but inland,
在一个可能任何海豹做过的最奇怪的旅程里
on one of the strangest journeys any seal makes.
一个河流与海滩交汇...
A stream meets the beach...
这小海豹逆流而上
..and this pup swims up it.
每个小海豹只经历一次这种旅程
Each seal pup only makes this journey once.
是什么驱使它去旅行走进森林深处是一个谜
What drives it to travel deep into the forest is a mystery.
最后 这小子到达了
At last, this pup has arrived.
这个隐蔽的瀑布给学习者提供了一个完美的池子
This secluded waterfall makes for a perfect learners' pool.
在这个避难所他可以加入当地的幼崽学习并演练
In this sanctuary,he can join the local pups to learn
将来一天帮助他们摆脱敌人的技巧
manoeuvres that will one day help them escape their enemies.
没人知道第一个幼崽如何发现了这个地方
No-one knows how the first pups found this place,
但每年 越来越多的年轻幼崽的加入了这种海豹之旅
but each year, more and more young seals make the journey.
他们在生活中得到了重要开端
They're getting a crucial head start in life.
而当你乐在其中时 学习总是变得更轻松
And learning is always easier when you're enjoying yourself.
海豹皮
SEAL BARKS
每个海豹花三天 于激烈的训练上
Each seal spends three days in intense training.
然后，经过这个仪式后，他们回到海滩
Then, after this rite of passage,they head back to the beach.
他们现在距离永远离开它们的母亲不远了
It won't be long now before they will leave their mothers for good
并且把他们的新技能用于测试
and put their new skills to the test.
现在在南非的深晚 海岛猫鼬大量出没的时间
It's now late in the meerkat pupping season in South Africa
而两个月前出生的幼崽正健康的成长着
and the pups born two months ago are growing well.
这小狗已经受到了很好的照顾和喂食
This pup has been well cared for and fed,
但现在是她学会了自己抓食物的时候了
but now it's time she learned to catch her own food.
其中一个被在海岛猫鼬社会里养育的好处是
One of the great benefits of being raised in meerkat society
没有孩子的成年猫鼬也会帮忙着照看孩子
is that adults without young of their own help with childcare
而且会花上几个小时教育青少年
and will spend hours teaching the youngsters.
今天的第一节课是蚂蚁的狩猎
Today's first lesson is ant-hunting.
被示范正确的方法是其一
Being shown the right approach is one thing.