BBC地平线：明日世界（2013）

to capture the oil that is drifting down the wind.
西泽的计划是创造一支
Cesar's plan was to create a fleet of
无人驾驶的遥控舰队
unmanned remote-controlled sailing drones
这支舰队可以更有效的覆盖海面
that could cover the sea surface more effectively.
每艘船都会拖着一块巨大的海绵
Each boat would tow behind it a huge absorbent sponge
海绵会随着吸油越来越重
that would get heavier and heavier as it soaked up the oil.
那你是如何设计出一艘
So how did you go about designing a sailing vessel
能够迎风拖着东西的船呢
that is able to tow something like that upwind?
想象一下这是一艘普通的帆船
So imagine this is a conventional sail boat
普通的帆船在后面有舵
and a conventional sail boat has a rudder at the back.
所以假设你后面挂了很长很长的东西
So imagine you have something very, very long behind,
移♥动♥这个部分将会变得
it's going to be really difficult
很难而且很低效
and very ineffective to move that part here.
你不能操纵船吗
You can't manoeuvre the boat?
我们把原先在船后面的舵拿下来
So what we did is that we took the rudder that's normally here
放到了船的前面 这里
at the back and brought it at the front, right here,
所以你能想象到
and so you can imagine,
如果船后面挂了又重又长的东西
if you have something long and heavy behind,
你就可以在前面更有力的控制船了
you already have a lot more influence in controlling this part.
然后我们一直在添加船舵 就像这样
And then we kept adding a rudder, and at some point we were like,
如果我们领整艘船弯曲呢
what if we make the whole boat curve
那么整艘船都会成为控制工具
and the whole boat becomes the organ of control,
我们对重物以及长的东西的控制力就加强了
so we have more control over something long and heavy,
会加强很多
it would be a lot more.
所以整个船身都是可弯曲的 全部吗
So the whole hull is flexible, the entire thing?
-它就像某些恐龙骨架之类的东西 -是的
- It resembles some kind of skeleton of a dinosaur or something. - Yeah!
西泽的主意非常出色
Cesar had a brilliant idea,
但技术和
but neither the technical skills
资金都不到位
nor the hard cash to bring it to life.
所以他做了一件对发明家来说相当激进的事
So he did something which i think is pretty radical for an inventor.
他在网上分享了他的创意
He shared his idea on the internet,
向所有的合作者免费开放
opening it up to collaborators for free.
我开始把资料放在一个网站上
I started posting it on a website
一些科学家和工程师开始注意到这个
and some scientists and engineers just started looking at this
并觉得它很有潜力
and thinking it has a lot of potential
人们对此感到十分兴奋
and people were really excited about it.
不久后世界各地的发明家开始将他们的
Soon inventors from all around the world started to contribute
创意贡献给这个项目
their ideas to the project,
而且还有许多人开始捐款
and many others began to donate money.
Protei 开放硬件的清理石油泄漏航行机器人
只有在4月10日11点59分之前募捐到27500美元这个项目才会启动
有300多人给我们10美元15美元20 100
So we had 300 people give us ten, 15 dollars, 20, 100,
我们一共募集了超过三万三千美元
and we collected more than 33,000.
西泽用这些资金成立了一个工作室
With this funding, Cesar was able to set up a workshop
并邀请了世界各地的发明家
and he invited inventors from around the world
与他一起工作
to come and work with him.
我是周途阳 来自中国
I'm Tu Yang-Jo, I come from China.
我是洛根·威廉斯来自美国
I'm Logan Williams, I'm from the United States.
我叫罗伯托来自萨尔瓦多
My name is Roberto, I am originally from El Salvador.
我叫弗朗索瓦·德·拉·塔斯来自法国巴黎
My name is Francois de la Taste, and I am from Paris, France.
我叫莫利·丹尼尔森来自俄勒冈州的波特兰
My name is Molly Danielson, I'm from Portland, Oregon.
这种通过互联网免费的不盈利的交换想法
This free not-for-profit exchange of ideas through the internet
被称为开放硬件
is known as open hardware.
开放硬件意味着我们能更快地创新
Open hardware means that we can innovate a lot faster
因为我们不局限于一小部分人
because we are not limited to a small number of people
整个互联网的用户都会给我们反馈
but the whole internet community is giving us feedback.
参加的唯一条件是
The only condition for those participating
必须承认其他发明家的成果
is that they must credit other inventors' work
并利用这些信息完善这个项目
and use the information to further the project.
你几乎将整个系统翻了过来
You're almost flipping the whole system on its side.
不再是先盈利 后保护环境
It's not about profit first, environmental near the end.
你让环境成为了第一位
You're making the environment a priority,
-这意味着我们都得改变想法吗 -是的
- which means we all have to start thinking differently? - Yep.
传统上 一旦♥科♥学家或发明家
The conventional way is that a scientist or an inventor
有了新的想法
has an idea.
他会跑去专利局说 "这个主意属于我
He goes to the office of patents and says, "OK, the idea is mine,
我要去和制♥造♥商谈一谈
and I'm going to talk to a manufacturer
做笔交易
and together we're going to make a deal
最终将成品以高价卖♥♥给人们"
and we'll sell this as expensive as possible to people,"
这对于制♥造♥商和发明者都十分有利
and the thing is that this is really good for the manufacturer
但却对大众无益
and the inventor but not really good for the people.
开源硬件 源码公开 众包
Open hardware, open sourcing, crowd sourcing,
以及在互联网自♥由♥发布知识产权
releasing intellectual property freely on the internet -
这些都是以开放共享为基础的
these are all part of a new culture of
新文化的组成部分
openness and sharing
发明的内容和形式正在被重塑
that's re-shaping how and what we invent.
我认为最大的改变在于
I think the biggest change
现在事情在全球范围内发生
is the fact that things now happen worldwide.
尼古拉斯·格里姆肖爵士 格里姆肖建筑事务所
你无法凭着一己之力制♥造♥发明
You don't get the individual inventing things on his own.
几乎万事万物都是全球协作的产物
It's a worldwide collaboration on almost everything.
当今的发明家推崇协同分享
The inventor today is a collaborator, a sharer.
他们无私 不会对自己的想法遮遮掩掩
Somebody who isn't selfish and protective about their ideas,
反倒愿意公之于众
but wants to, er, throw them out there
看看别人是否能将这个想法壮大发扬
and see how they can be nurtured and grown by others.
如今开源运动和商业之间
Today there's a really interesting tension going on
吉雅·米利诺维奇 技术作家 博客写手
存在着一种有趣的紧张局面
between the open source movement and business,
我想 人们一方面想要和大众分享想法
so on the one hand people having ideas and wanting them to
使这些点子经历反复推敲
go out into the public and flourish,
变得越来越完善
and people to riff on them,
而另一方面则是盈利
I suppose, and then there's making money.
这两者世界硝烟弥漫
And there's a battle between these two worlds.
想法可以涌现
I love the idea of where an idea can come forward,
韦恩·海明威 设计师
分享 没有专利隔阂
where it can be shared, where there's no patents,
没有版权限制
where there's no copyright
只为共同利益 这是我所喜闻乐见的
and where it's for the common good
但在这背后 想法最终还是得投入使用
but underneath all that, it has to get delivered
有人一定会因此获利
and somewhere, somebody has to earn something
这一点很难平衡
so it's a difficult balance
不过这理念妙极了
but the concept is fantastic.
开源运动的核心
At the heart of the open source movement
必然是我们的联♥系♥日益紧密
is of course our ever-increasing connectivity.
如今 共计二十三亿全球互联网用户
如今 有二十三亿网民
Today 2.3 billion of us are online.
互联网现在给人们提供了机会
What the internet gives today is the chance for people to
使得快速协作
collaborate very quickly,
迸发思想成为可能
to come up with the idea,
交流思想的消息
the messaging to communicate the idea,
通过分布平台
and then the distribution platform
迅速完成分享 非常非常快
to share the idea really, really quickly.
世界如此大不同
It just makes such a difference
马科斯·杜·索托伊教授 牛津大学
我们能够突发奇想
to be able to suddenly send an e-mail to somebody
发邮件给从未见过的陌生人
that you've never met, never seen before,
问一个问题
and ask them a question.
你是怎么做到的
How do you do this?
他们知道答案 我可以立即得到反馈
And they know how, and I can get that back immediately.
我想互联网已经触及
I think that more than ever now,
玛莎·莱恩·福克斯 英国数字卫士
主流群体 这一点史无前例
the internet has reached a kind of mainstream
由此 它能够以更为深刻的方式
so that it's more possible to connect with more people
为更多的人搭起桥梁
in a more profound way than ever before,
从而在全球范围内创造不同的产品及服务
and to create different products and services on a global scale.
去看看目前的专利档案
If you take a look at the patents currently being filed,
你就能感知下一代发明
you can get a very good sense of where the next generation
从何而来
of inventions is coming from.
显然 许多发明家致力于替代能源
What's clear is that many inventors are concentrating on the area
这一领域
of alternative energy,
争相寻找矿物燃料的替代品
joining the race to find a replacement for fossil fuels.
能源
利用太阳能源有时被视为一种理想
Tapping the Sun's energy is sometimes seen as the holy grail
但这不仅仅局限于太阳能电池板
but it's not all about solar panels.
在新墨西哥州的沙漠里
In the deserts of New Mexico,