大裂谷：美丽的非洲心脏（2010）

The middle of the lek is actually the safest spot,
羚羊如此引人注意的仪式
as a concentration of distracted antelope
总是不可避免的吸引来羚羊的天敌
attracts the inevitable antelope eaters.
成年狮子有着傲人的捕猎技巧
Adult lions hunt best working as a pride,
但这只是一只单身母亲
but this single mother is alone,
因此它必须为3个十几个月大的幼崽提供食物
so providing for her family of three teenage cubs is all down to her.
PLAYFUL GROWLING
WHISTLES
赤羚的跑度很快，且具有良好的视力
Kob are fast, with excellent eyesight,
所以在白天，捕捉一只赤羚是比较困难的
and so during the day, catching one is extremely tricky.
但随着夜幕降临，掠食者占尽了优势
But as night falls, the advantage swings to the hunter.
LION ROARS
ROAR REPEATED
对于母狮，狩猎相当重要......
For the mother lioness, hunting is a serious business...
..最好是3只幼崽不再打闹
..best done without her three boisterous cubs.
母狮子戴着无线电项项圈，以便科学家可以随时找到它的行踪
The mother wears a radio collar so scientists can track her movements,
但并不妨碍它狩猎
but it doesn't hinder her hunting.
在没有月亮漆黑一片的夜晚
In the pitch black of the moonless night,
赤羚和狮子的视力都下降到最低点
both the kob and lioness are reduced to near blindness.
他们能嗅到对方，但母狮不只是盯住一个目标
They can smell each other, but the lioness can't pinpoint a target
除非它发出了声音
unless it makes a sound.
因此，只要赤羚不引起骚动和暴露行踪，它们就是安全的
So as long as the kob hold their nerve and don't break cover, they'll be safe.
与此同时，饥饿和烦躁的幼狮却闯进了麻烦之中
Meanwhile, the hungry and impatient cubs wander into trouble.
SNORTING
BUFFALO SNORTS
COUGHING ROAR
HUFFING AND SNORTING
这3只幼狮看起来很危险，因它们只有10个月大
The three cubs might look dangerous, but they are only ten months old
它们必须认真的学习捕猎，直到它们长大成年
and they won't learn to hunt properly until they're two.
它们没有能力对付这些水牛
They're no match for these buffalo,
但这是不容错过的去实践的好机会
but the opportunity for stalking practice is too good to miss.
这时，它们的母亲好像发现了什么
Meanwhile, their mother is on to something.
它向下挖了将近1米
She digs down almost a metre.
SHE GROWLS
费了九牛二虎之力，它只抓住了一点点心
After a huge effort, she only pulls out a tiny meal -
几乎只有一小口.
barely a mouthful.
但是，满足饥饿不在母狮今晚的议程里
But satisfying hunger is not on this mother's agenda tonight.
这些疣猪的大小合适，正好可以给幼狮练习猎杀
These warthog piglets are a perfect size for the cubs to practise killing.
LION GROWLS AND PIGLET SQUEAKS
PIGLET SQUEALS
SQUEALING
它抓出了6只疣猪幼崽给幼狮们
She pulls out six and saves them all for her young.
幼狮越早学会打猎
The sooner the cubs learn to hunt,
它们就可以越早帮助它们的母亲
the sooner they'll be able to help their mother.
夜间伏击猎物是非常有效地
Ambushing prey at night is very effective,
但它不是大猫进食的唯一途径.
but it's not the only way for a cat to catch a meal.
猎豹是地球上跑得最快的动物
The cheetah is the fastest runner on the planet,
但在这里，不隐蔽好的话，速度也不是最好的武器
but here, speed is no good without stealth.
它必须使用伪装，悄悄的接近目标
He must use camouflage to creep up on his target.
只有草的遮掩，它才能接近到足够完美的冲刺距离
With only the grass as cover, he can't get close enough for a sprint.
大羚羊麋是非洲跑得最快的羚羊之一
and as the hartebeest is one of Africa's fastest antelopes,
从这个距离冲刺，它是搞不定猎物的
from this distance he has no chance in a straight race.
但它还是决定一试
But it might still be worth a go.
它很不幸，猎物全都跑了
Unfortunately for him, they are all fit and well.
对于在烈日下的猎豹，短跑是一个相当繁重的工作
A full sprint is heavy work for a cheetah under the hot sun.
他需要一段时间来恢复，才可以再次尝试
He'll need time to recover before he can try again.
长草是羚羊的保护伞
Antelope like this topi use the long grass
它们藏好幼崽，以躲避掠食动物
to hide their babies from predators.
如果它们静止不动，它们是不会被发现的
If they stay still they won't be found.
但是，假定你想被看见？
But what if you want to be seen?
那么，长草就会变成了麻烦
Then long grass can be rather a nuisance.
这只雄性寡妇鸟准备好了舞池吸引雌鸟
This male widow bird has prepared a dance floor to seduce a female.
但首先，它需要得到雌鸟的注意.
But first, he needs to get her attention.
雄鸟适当的在雌鸟的旁边出现
The modestly clad females are currently on the fence.
它飞得很近的观察...
When one flies in for a closer look...
..雄鸟把它的一切都给了雌鸟
..a male gives it all he's got.
太阳烘烤下的非洲大裂谷的草原
The Rift's grasslands bake beneath the African sun.
长草可能会变得非常干燥
The long grass can become very dry,
这使得它易受自然最强大的力量的攻击，就是...
and that makes it vulnerable to one of nature's most powerful forces...
CRACKLING
..火
..fire.
成千上万吨♥干草，足够燃烧起熊熊大火
Thousands of tonnes of dry grass is enough to fuel a blazing inferno.
但火焰可以提供一个盛宴
But the flames can provide a feast.
BIRDS CHIRP
迁移沙燕勇敢的利用烟雾
Migrating sand martins brave the smoke to take advantage
捕食逃离战火的微小昆虫...
of the tiny insects that flee the flames...
..一个值得庆祝的意外之财
..a welcome windfall
所以这些鸟飞越1000英里，从欧洲到非洲
to a bird on a 1,000-mile journey from Africa to Europe.
这看起来像打劫
This looks like devastation.
草被烧光了，因此可以看到树木幼苗
The grass has been burnt away, and so have the seedling trees.
但是，它们在草地下储存着大量的草根
But because grasses store energy underground in their roots,
在数天内，肥沃的火山灰促进了新芽的生长
within days, new sprouts push through the fertile ash.
草生命力很强，甚至可以生存在最火热的地方...
Grass may be tough enough to survive even the hottest fire...
..但这里有一种自然力量，是它们无法抵御的
..but there is one force of nature here that grass cannot defend against.
有一种非凡的生物
It's an extraordinary creature,
而且只在夜晚出现
and it only comes out at night.
河马的嘴张开后有50厘米宽
A hippopotamus has a mouth half a metre wide,
每餐可以轻松吃掉40公斤的草
built for devouring grass - 40 kilograms in one sitting.
它们很挑剔，只吃短小的嫩草
A fussy eater,it only likes short grass,
用它的大嘴咀嚼
which it tears up with great lips.
河马在黄昏和黎明时分会四处游荡
Hippopotamus roam for miles between dusk and dawn
寻找更鲜嫩的草场
in search of good grazing.
但它们必须严格控制在自己能到得范围之内
But there's a limit to their range, and they must turn around
日出前一定要回到水里
and head back to water before the sun rises.
RHYTHMIC GRUNTING
RHYTHMIC GRUNTING
平静的浅水湖，再次挤满了巨兽
The still, shallow waters bear their great weight.
现在，它们很放松，有些在睡觉，有些忙着搞社交
Now they relax, snooze, and socialise in comfort.
姆济马温泉位于东部裂谷
Mzima Springs lie in the Eastern Rift,
是通过大裂谷古老的熔岩渗透而来的永不枯竭的水源
a source of water filtered through ancient Rift Valley lava that never dries up.
这里是少数河马的天堂
This is a haven for a small population of hippo,
春天，它们会吃光半径为10英里之内的草原上的草
who graze the savanna in a ten-mile radius around the spring.
但现在，周边地区被死寂般的干旱笼罩着
But now the surrounding area is in the deathly grip of drought.
由于不曾下雨，草已停止增长
With no rain, the grass has stopped growing.
像所有的河马一样，姆济马的河马群也需要一个游泳池
Like all hippos, the Mzima herd are bound to their pool,
所以它们不能离开去寻找新的牧场
so can't escape to search for pastures new.
不久之后，河马♥会♥吃光范围内的一切
Before long, the hippos will eat everything within range,
这将会是一场灾难
and that will create a disaster.
它们在无情的太阳底下勇敢地寻找食物，但都无济于事
They brave the sun in a desperate search for food, but to no avail.
它们变得脆弱，带来疾病和死亡...
Weakened, they sicken and die...
...但在此之前，他们已削减了草原上稀树的数量，以至沙尘暴频发
..but not before they have reduced this savanna to a dust bowl.
地表的土壤被吹走
The topsoil has blown away,
甚至有些草根都遭到了破坏
and even the roots of the grasses are destroyed.
这将使大裂谷的部分土地需要多年以后才可以恢复生机
It will take this part of the Great Rift Valley many years to recover.
无雨的季节让大裂谷的草原极度干旱
The rain shadow of the Rift Valley makes the grasslands extremely dry...
..但足够的雨水，使得整个山区的草和其他植物得以存活
..but just enough rain makes it across the mountains to keep the grass alive.
THUNDER CRASHES AND ROLLS
THUNDER RUMBLES
并不是每块土地都可以享受雨的滋润
Not everyone enjoys the rain.
但对于乌干达的非洲赤羚，它们的生活却不受饥饿和干渴的困扰
But for the Uganda kob, it's a joy not to feel plagued by hunger or thirst.
当乌云笼罩着整个西部裂谷的山区
When the rain clouds make it across the mountains of the Western Rift,
雨水使草原的生命繁荣昌盛
they bring the grasslands exploding to life.
GRUNTING
THUNDER RUMBLES
流动的风带来雨水且洒满自南至北
The prevailing winds that bring the rain move in a north-south cycle
上上下下的每一寸土地
up and down the continent.
由此产生的雨季带来强烈的暴雨
The resulting wet seasons bring intense downpours,
但不是每个地方都这样
but not to everywhere at once.
这些雨水不曾光顾的土地上的有些动物
These isolated rains mean that some animals
必须迁徙上千里去寻找新鲜的草场
have to run for thousands of miles in search of freshly grown grass.
LOWING
每年，有将近200万只角马
Every year, almost two million wildebeest
藉着雷声和乌云的指引
follow the thunder clouds like storm chasers,
从塞伦盖蒂迁徙到马赛马拉
trekking from the Serengeti to the Masai Mara.
在他们到来以后，汤姆逊瞪羚也来了
And in their wake comes Thomson's gazelle.
瞪羚是在裂谷草原上常见的小型羚羊之一
Tommies are one of the smaller antelope found in the Rift savannas.
它们的大小使它们很容易受到天敌的攻击
Their size makes them very vulnerable to predators.
这些猎豹一直在这里等待了瞪羚几个月
These cheetahs have been waiting for the tommies for months.
现在是猎豹的好时机，可以尽可能的享受盛宴
Now's their chance to eat as much as they can.
FLIES BUZZ
每只大猫狩猎的风格都不相同
Each cat has a different style of hunt,
但隐形始终是最关键的