了解宇宙是如何运行的（2010）

How the Universe Works S06E04

Part 6 Dec. 22, 2021, 7:22 p.m.

他们发现它与另一颗卫星贝琳达非常接近
they discover it's dangerously close to another moon, Belinda.
在几千年的时间里，特别是丘比特和贝琳达这两个卫星
In a few thousand years, two of the moons in particular,
当它们的轨迹相交时
Cupid and Belinda, are likely to collide together
很可能会发生碰撞
as their trajectories intersect.
这种碰撞会产生多米诺骨牌效应
And this collision will create a domino effect.
当卫星发生碰撞时
When there is a moon collision,
会产生非常微妙的引力平衡
that sets up a very delicate gravitational balance,
也会产生很多碎片
and it also creates a lot of debris,
所以一次碰撞会引发一系列碰撞
so one collision sets off a string of collisions.
我们认为丘比特和贝琳达
We think Cupid and Belinda
不仅会摧毁对方
will destroy not only each other,
而且会摧毁天王星所有的内卫星
but all of Uranus' inner moons.
一场失控的毁灭瀑布将天王星的卫星碾碎成鹅卵石
A runaway cascade of destruction grinds Uranus' moons to pebbles.
所有这一切将在短短几千年内发生
All of this will happen in only a few thousand years.
与我们预计在几千年内
The fact that we are predicting to have a collision
有碰撞的感觉相反
within a few thousand years feels kind of contrary
因为这个系统已经有了数十亿年
because this system has been here for billions of years,
所以我们现在看起来有点幸运
so it seems a little bit lucky that we're looking just now,
而我们却认为在不久的将来会发生碰撞
and we think there's going to be a collision in the near future.
如果这种破坏循环
What if this cycle of destruction
是天王星的《土拨鼠之日》的一个例子呢？
(电影《土拨鼠之日》的剧情是关于一天的时间一直在重复)
is a case of Uranian groundhog day?
当你看天王星行星系统时
When you look at the Uranian system,
我喜欢把它想象成一场暴♥力♥的曲棍球比赛
I like to think of it sort of like a violent hockey game.
当球员们受到了很大的打击
Guys are taking big hits.
他们不能继续，你必须做什么？
They can't continue, so what must you do?
你得把它们替换掉
You have to sub them in and out.
当你看到这场比赛如此激烈时
When you look at this game that's that violent,
你就会知道你在冰上看到的那些人
you know that the guys you see on the ice
并不是比赛开始时的人
are not the guys that started the game.
哇！
Whoo!
这是一群全新的球员
It's a whole new set of players.
与冰上曲棍球比赛一样
Like hockey subs,
天王星通过循环利用卫星来保持其新鲜
Uranus keeps its moons fresh by recycling them.
每次这些卫星♥相♥撞
Every time these moons collide,
碎片就会在天王星周围形成一个环系统
the debris forms a ring system around Uranus,
随着时间的推移
and then over time,
这个环系统开始孵化新的卫星
that ring system starts to spawn new moons.
慢慢地，环绕天王星的碎片环
Over time, the rings of debris
就会形成新的卫星
that surround Uranus form into new moons,
这些卫星再次相互碰撞，相互研磨成尘埃
which in turn collide and grind each other to dust.
事实证明，天王星其实非常注重生态
Uranus, it turns out, is actually very Eco-conscious.
它的卫星粉碎
Its moons shatter.
它们互相撞击，形成了这些碎片
They hit each other, form all this debris,
然后卫星就会从这些物质中重组
and then the moons reform from that material,
然后整个模式，整个周期又开始了
and then the whole pattern, the whole cycle starts up again,
卫星撞击，碎裂，然后新的卫星又开始形成
and the moons hit, shatter, and new moons form all over again.
特别是有一个卫星显示了过去回收的证据
如果观察天王星中的一个是卫星：米兰达
这个卫星实际上看起来像是弗兰肯斯坦
(《科学怪人》中的人物)
然后把它重新组装起来
这可能就是以前碰撞的碎片形成卫星的证据
如果天王星的卫星
自天王星第一次形成以来
00:41:15,140-> 00:41:19,140
每百万年就发生一次碰撞和重组
00:41:19,140-> 00:41:23,140
那么就已经进行了4000代卫星了
00:41:24,140-> 00:41:27,140
这个系统从未稳定下来
00:41:28,140-> 00:41:31,140
卫星碰撞并被摧毁
00:41:31,140-> 00:41:37,140
残余物被循环利用，出生、生长、死亡、重生
最终，我们在这些卫星上
Ultimately, this eternal cycle of life and death
看到的重生和死亡的永恒循环
that we see with these moons might be a story
很可能是宇宙中许多事物的真实写照
that is actually kind of true of many things in the universe,
甚至涉及到恒星，行星
when it comes to stars, planets,
甚至是宇宙的本身
and maybe even the universe itself.
天王星和海王星
Uranus and Neptune,
不再是被遗忘的太阳系前哨
no longer forgotten outposts of the solar system.
突然间，这些行星向你们展示了它们的世界
Suddenly, these planets are revealed to you as worlds.
真让人叹为观止……这是……这是令人敬畏的
It's breathtaking. It's... it's awe-inspiring.
这让人感到谦卑，也让你感到自豪
It's humbling, and it makes you proud
因为你是一个真正
that you're part of a species
可以做到这一点的物种的一部分
that could actually do that,
去到那里看看这些地方
to get out there and to see these places.
但我们与这些行星的短暂相遇
让我们的知识空白等待填补
对我来说，作为人类的角度来讲
我认为我们没有花更多的时间研究这些迷人的世界
是一种犯罪
旅行者2号♥在二十年前的那个飞过它们的瞬间
只是在它们的行星系统中呆了几天
所以这简直是一次走马观花
我们学到了很多
但还有很多，我们还不明白
现在，我们只是这里有些免费的快照
那里有些免费的快照
我们试图用理论来填补两者之间的空白
科学家们一致认为
我们要想知道更多的内容
唯一的途径就是执行专门的任务
去拜访天王星和海王星
不只是像24小时的飞行
而是要对它们进行数天、数周、数月
甚至数年的研究
我们需要到那里去并环绕这些行星
在那里呆上一段时间
这样我们才能弄清楚是什么让它们运转
有着戏剧性的充满活力的世界
Dynamic worlds with dramatic,
经常有暴♥力♥的历史，偷窃而来的卫星
often violent histories, stolen moons,
被扔进寒冷中
giants flung out into the cold,
拯救了地球免于毁灭
saving the Earth from destruction.
天王星和海王星是太阳系中的拼图
Uranus and Neptune are puzzle pieces in the solar system.
它们是巨大的行星
They are giant planets.
它们有很多东西可以告诉我们，不仅仅是关于它们自己
They have a lot to tell us, not just about themselves
而是关于我们太阳系的一切
but about everything in our solar system,
包括我们自己的星球，地球
including our own planet, Earth.
冰巨行星的故事
Somewhere in the story of the ice giants
我们今天在这里
is the reason you and I are actually here
讨论它的是因为冰巨行星
to talk about it at all,
是地球能够形成并稳定下来
the reason the Earth was able to form and stabilize
并成为生命生存环境的原因
and become an environment for life.
可以毫不夸张地说
It would not be an exaggeration to say
冰巨星是太阳系中
that the ice giants are the coolest planets
最酷的行星
in the solar system.