终结一切战争：奥本海默和原子弹（2023）

J. 罗伯特·奥本海默：有人问我是否，
J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER: I have been asked whether,
在未来的几年里，这将是可能的
in the years to come, it will be possible
杀死4000万美国人
to kill 40 million American people
一夜之间使用原♥子♥弹♥。
by the use of atomic bombs in a single night.
恐怕这个问题的答案是肯定的。
I am afraid that the answer to that question is yes.
乔恩·埃尔斯：罗伯特·奥本海默是原♥子♥弹♥之父。
JON ELSE: Robert Oppenheimer was the father of the atomic bomb.
他就是一个复杂的矛盾体。
He was this complex ball of contradictions.
奥本海默：它们是侵略武器，
OPPENHEIMER: They are weapons of aggression,
充满惊喜和恐惧。
of surprise and of terror.
理查德·罗兹：奥本海默希望使用炸♥弹♥。
RICHARD RHODES: Oppenheimer wanted the bomb to be used.
否则世界怎么会知道它是什么？
How else would the world know what it was?
埃莉诺·罗斯福：奥本海默博士，
ELEANOR ROOSEVELT: Dr. Oppenheimer,
我们是否正在创造一些我们无法控制的东西？
are we creating something we may not be able to control?
奥本海默：在原子武器的世界里，战争将会停止。
OPPENHEIMER: In a world of atomic weapons, wars will cease.
新闻片旁白：测试为 D-1
NEWSREEL NARRATOR: It is D-minus one for the test
世界上第一个原子装置。
of the world's first atomic device.
ELSE：这个有教养、非暴♥力♥的人
ELSE: This cultured, nonviolent man
负责分娩
was responsible for birthing
人类历史上最暴♥力♥的武器。
the most violent weapon in human history.
他用余生致力于控制
And he devoted the rest of his life to trying to control
他释放的怪物。
the monster that he had unleashed.
奥本海默：如果再爆发一次世界大战……
OPPENHEIMER: If there is another world war...
......这个文明可能会崩溃。
...this civilization may go under.
KAI BIRD：他成了政♥治♥贱民。
KAI BIRD: He became a political pariah.
爱德华·R·默罗：人类真的已经
EDWARD R. MURROW: Is it true that humans have already
发现了毁灭人类的方法？
discovered a method of destroying humanity?
ELSE：这最终毁了他。
ELSE: And it finally ruined him.
奥本海默：“现在我变成了死亡，
OPPENHEIMER: Now I am become Death,
世界的毁灭者。”
the destroyer of worlds.
从所有标准来看，我们做了一件事情
We have made a thing that, by all standards
我们成长的世界，是一件邪恶的事情。
of the world we grew up in, is an evil thing.
终结世界大战
奥本海默 和 原♥子♥弹♥
艾伦·布拉德伯里·里德：当我 15 岁的时候，
ELLEN BRADBURY REID: When I was 15,
我有机会单独与奥本海默交谈。
I had a chance to speak to Oppenheimer alone.
他正在参加一个鸡尾酒会。
He was at a cocktail party.
我当时正在提供开胃小菜...
I was serving hors d'oeuvres...
......发现奥本海默独自一人站着。
...and found Oppenheimer standing alone.
我说：“我认为你是某种圣人。”
I said, I think you're some sort of a saint.
他非常惊讶。
And he was very taken aback.
他说：“你、为什么要对我这么说？”
And he said, Wh-Why would you say that to me?
我说：“因为你改变了主意。”
And I said, Because you had second thoughts.
然后他转身拿起帽子
And he turned around and picked his hat up
然后走出门。
and walked out the door.
这显然在某种程度上打动了他
It obviously struck him in a way
这是我从未想象过的。
that I had never imagined.
男人：奥本海默为克朗凯特选一个。
MAN: Oppenheimer for Cronkite, take one.
沃尔特·克朗凯特：奥本海默博士，
WALTER CRONKITE: Dr. Oppenheimer,
决定的所有必然性
with all the inevitability of the decision
历史向我们证明，
that history demonstrates to us,
你看起来仍然很痛苦，我可以说，
you still seem to suffer, may I say,
出于良心的谴责。
from a bad conscience about it.
先生，这是真的吗？
Is that true, sir?
呃，我想当你玩的时候
Uh, I think when you play
导致死亡的一个有意义的部分
a meaningful part in bringing about the death
超过十万人...
of over a hundred thousand people...
……呃，你自然，呃，
...uh, you naturally, uh,
不要轻易想到这一点。
don't think of that with ease.
克里斯托弗·诺兰：当你回顾奥本海默的历史时，
CHRISTOPHER NOLAN: When you look at the history of Oppenheimer,
历史上很难找到一个人
it's very difficult to find any person in history
坐在如此复杂的情况下
sitting in such a complex situation
各种不可能的问题
with all kinds of impossible questions
并且答案很少。
and very few answers.
ELSE：每个人都有自己的想法
ELSE: Everybody has their own idea
罗伯特·奥本海默是什么。
of what Robert Oppenheimer is.
我的意思是，事实是他发明了一种武器
I mean, the fact is that he invented a weapon
这可以摧毁地球上的人类生命。
that can destroy human life on Earth.
我的意思是，不要忘记这个武器，
I mean, don't forget that this weapon,
它有能力终结文明，
which has the capacity to end civilization,
被开♥发♥作为拯救西方文明的手段。
was developed as a means to save Western civilization.
伯德：在 20 世纪 30 年代，数百万美国人
BIRD: In the 1930s, millions of Americans
正在关注来自欧洲的消息
were following the news coming out of Europe
在当地的剧院观看新闻片。
in their local theaters, watching newsreels.
奥本海默是
And Oppenheimer was
对希♥特♥勒♥的崛起感到震惊。
horrified by the rise of Hitler.
诺兰：他对自己犹太身份的认识立即使他
NOLAN: His sense of his own Jewishness made him immediately
并充分意识到法♥西♥斯♥主义的危险。
and massively aware of the danger of fascism.
伯德：1939年战争开始时，
BIRD: When the war started in 1939,
他是伯克利大学的教授。
he was a professor at Berkeley.
而同一年，
And that same year,
他的一名学生冲进他的办公室
one of his students comes rushing into his office
传达发现裂变的消息。
to convey the news that fission has been discovered.
男子：德国刚刚传来消息
MAN: Word has just come through from Germany
中子轰击下的铀原子
that the uranium atom under neutron bombardment
实际上分为两部分。
actually splits into two parts.
伯德：一开始，奥本海默不敢相信。
BIRD: Initially, Oppenheimer can't believe it.
他跑到黑板前做一些数学题，
He runs to the blackboard and does some mathematics,
他明白了
and he comes to the understanding
你可以利用裂变来产生能量。
that you could use fission to generate energy.
爱因斯坦明确表明
Einstein showed explicitly
如果你能将物质转化为纯粹的能量
that if you can convert matter into pure energy,
能量是非凡的。
the amount of energy is extraordinary.
它是光速的平方，用于大声喊叫。
It's the speed of light squared, for crying out loud.
罗德斯：他们意识到，从极少量的物质中，
RHODES: They realize that from a very small amount of matter,
你可以发电来驱动船舶和飞机
you could make power to drive ships and planes
当然，火车，无论什么，都能发电。
and trains, whatever, make electricity, of course.
他们也很快意识到
And they also realize very quickly
有可能使
that it might be possible to make
一种具有不可估量的毁灭性的武器。
a weapon of untold destruction.
我们深感忧虑。
We were deeply worried.
毕竟，裂变的发现是在纳粹德国。
After all, the discovery of fission was in Nazi Germany.
玛丽娜·罗宾逊·斯♥诺♥登：纳粹德国可能会建造
MAREENA ROBINSON SNOWDEN: Nazi Germany could potentially build
一颗核弹。
a nuclear bomb.
这就是担心。 这是非常有形的。
This was the worry. And it was very tangible.
这是非常真实的。
It was very real.
富兰克林·罗斯福：1941 年 12 月 7 日，
FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT: December 7, 1941,
一个将会臭名昭著的约会。
a date which will live in infamy.
珍珠港事件发生。
Pearl Harbor happens.
富兰克林·罗斯福：我断言
FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT: I assert
这种形式的背叛
that this form of treachery
永远不会再危及我们。
shall never again endanger us.
艾伦·卡尔：现在是美国
ALAN CARR: Now the United States
是战争中的积极参战者。
is an active combatant in the war.
此时的想法是
The idea at this point is
我们基本上需要尽快完成这件事，
we basically need to get this done as quickly as possible,
因为我们明天就能醒来
because we could wake up tomorrow
希♥特♥勒♥可能拥有核垄断
and Hitler could have that nuclear monopoly
我们都想避免。
that we all want to avoid.
所以，我们需要一个可以设计、构建、测试的地方
So, we need a place where we can design, build, test
并帮助运送核武器。
and help deliver nuclear weapons.
但即使在我们选择地点之前
But even before we pick the place though,
我们需要找到能够领导该安装的人。
we need to find somebody who can lead that installation.
几乎没有人想到奥本海默会被命名
And virtually nobody expected Oppenheimer to be named
武器设计实验室主任。
the director of the weapons design laboratory.
他就是那种空灵的性格。
He was kind of this ethereal personality.
他没有取得重大成就的记录。
He had no record of having big achievements.
一位认识奥本海默的科学家说，
One of the scientists who knew Oppenheimer said,
“这是一个无法经营热狗摊的人。”
This is a man who couldn't run a hot dog stand.
罗兹：奥本海默的朋友们觉得
RHODES: Oppenheimer's friends felt
他是一个分♥裂♥的人，不太确定自己的身份。
that he was a divided man not quite sure of his identity.
他曾一度说道：“从我最早的时候起，
He said at one point, From my earliest days,