王冠的游戏：都铎家族（2023）

- [Narrator] For those in power or vying for it,there can be no rest.
-[旁白]对于那些掌握权力或争夺权力的人来说，他们不能休息。
(Henry VII battle cries)
[亨利七世发出战吼]
Over centuries, kings and queens are crowned,overthrown,
imprisoned,reinstated and murdered.
几个世纪以来，国王和王后被加冕、被推♥翻♥、被监禁、被复辟和被谋杀。
- [Dr. Emmerson] If this had been the work of fiction,
we would think it was pushing credulity.
-[埃默森博士]如果这是虚构的作品，我们会认为这是在故意让人轻信。
- [Dr. Norton] He still did not have a legitimate male heir.
-[诺顿博士]他仍然没有合法的男性继承人。
- [Dr. Emmerson] And I think this is the beginning of the end.
-[埃默森博士]而我认为这就是终结的开始。
- [Narrator] This is a dangerous game of strategy,
cunning and deception.
-[旁白]这是一场充满战略、狡猾和欺骗的危险游戏。
- [Dr. Norton] Mary is undoubtedly the biggest threat to Elizabeth.
-[诺顿博士]玛丽无疑是伊丽莎白最大的威胁。
- [Narrator] Dynasties will rise and fall all in answer to
the ever present question that fueled civil war and blood feuds,
-[旁白]朝代的兴衰都是为了回答一个永恒的问题，就是它引发了内战和血仇，
which pitted brother against brother,
兄弟之间相争，
father against son,cousin against cousin.
父子之间相争，表姐妹之间相争。
- [Dr. Emmerson] Family who killed one another.
-[埃默森博士]一家人之间互相残杀。
- [Narrator] Who will wear the bloody crown of England?
-[旁白]谁将戴上英格兰血腥的王冠?
- [Henry VIII] I am the king,I am the king!
-[亨利八世]我是国王，我是国王！
- [Dr. Norton] There was no dynasty like the Tudor dynasty for drama.
-[诺顿博士]没有哪个朝代，像都铎王朝那样，崇尚戏剧。
- It's this wretched thing!
-就是这可恶的东西!
- [Narrator] This is The Game of Crowns.
-[旁白]这就是，王冠的游戏。
王冠的游戏，都铎家族的故事
It's 1484, civil war has raged on in England for almost half a century.
1484年，内战在英格兰肆虐了近半个世纪。
Richard III, who's rumored to have killed his infant nephews,
根据谣传，理查三世杀害了两个年幼的两个侄子，
the rightful heirs to the throne
after imprisoning them in the Tower of London,
他们是合法的王位继承人，被囚禁在伦敦塔，并惨遭杀害，
sits on the throne safe behind castle walls in London.
他俩的叔父坦然坐上了，伦敦城♥堡♥的城墙后的，英格兰王位。
He is yet to learn that 250 miles west of the capital,
他还不知道，在首都以西250英里处，
a young man is about to land on the craggy Pembrokeshire coast,
一个年轻人，即将在陡峭的彭布罗克郡海岸登陆，
an army of French mercenaries in tow.
跟随他的是一支法国的雇佣军。
He is about to set his sights on the very throne
Richard III has battled and butchered his way onto.
他即将把目光投向，理查三世通过战斗和屠♥杀♥得来的王位。
- [Dr. Emmerson] Now his claim to the throne was rather tenuous.
-[埃默森博士]现在他对王位的要求，是相当脆弱的。
His father was the illegitimate son of Catherine of Valois
and a relationship with an Owen Tudor.
他的父亲，是“瓦卢瓦的凯瑟琳”的私生子，与欧文·都铎家族有关系。
So not only was his claim an illegitimate one,
but it also only came through his mother.
所以他的要求不仅是非法的，而且是通过他的母亲提出的。
The odds really were stacked against Henry Tudor
at the Battle of Bosworth.
在博斯沃思战役中，亨利·都铎的胜算非常大。
Not only did Richard III have the support of the nobles
理查三世不仅有贵族的支持，和一支庞大的军队，
and a much larger army, he was also a seasoned warrior,
他还是一名经验丰富的战士，
whereas Henry Tudor had much less experience.
而亨利都铎经验少得多。
But the battle was really decided by the Stanley brothers
who held back their troops of around 6,000
但这场战斗，实际上是由斯坦利兄弟决定的，他们把大约6000人的军队留了下来，
and waited to see which side was likely going to win.
等着看，哪一方可能会赢。
They then joined and fought alongside Henry Tudor.
然后，他们加入并与亨利.都铎，并肩作战。
- [Narrator] On the battlefield at Bosworth,
-[旁白]在博斯沃思的战场上，
two armies clashed to decide who will sit on the throne.
两支军队为决定谁坐王位，而发生冲突。
On the battlefield at Bosworth,
在博斯沃思战场上，
a king will die caught in the fray of
soldiers,swords and horses hooves.
一位国王将死于士兵、刀剑和马蹄的混战中。
On the battlefield at Bosworth,
在博斯沃思战场上，
a king will emerge triumphant and go on to found
one of the greatest dynasties in British history.
一位国王将取得胜利，并建立起英国历史上，最伟大的王朝之一。
His name is Henry Tudor.
他的名字是，亨利.都铎。
Born January the 28th, 1457 to Margaret Beaufort and Owen Tudor
in Pembrokeshire,
1457年1月28日，由彭布罗克郡的玛格丽特·博福特和欧文·都铎所生的亨利，
Henry's claim to the throne is a tenuous one.
他对王位的要求，是脆弱的。
- Henry VII had a very difficult hereditary claim to the throne,
of which he was well aware.
-亨利七世对王位的世袭要求，非常牵强，他很清楚这一点。
（伊丽莎白.诺顿博士，都铎时期历史学家，作者）
It was almost no claim at all.
它都几乎算不上什么诉求。
- [Narrator] He becomes king in 1485
when King Richard III is slain at the battle of Bosworth field.
-[旁白]1485年，国王理查三世在博斯沃思战役中被杀，亨利成为国王。
He is crowned King Henry VII of England on October the 30th.
10月30日，他被加冕为英格兰国王，亨利七世。
Knowing that many of the nobles surrounding him
have a stronger claim to the throne than he does,
亨利知道，他周围的许多贵族，都比他更有资格继承王位，
Henry is endlessly paranoid.
所以，他总是疑心重重。
His reign is one of terror.
他的统治是恐怖的。
- He very much rules with an iron fist.
-他执政非常铁腕。
People are scared of Henry VII and he rules through finances.
人们害怕亨利七世，他通过控制财政来统治。
Very cunningly, he dates his accession to the throne
to the day before Bosworth field
他非常狡猾地，将自己登基的日期，定在博斯沃思战役的前一天，
and that means that anyone who fought for Richard III
这意味着，任何为理查三世而战的人，
was actually committing treason against their
lawful king of England,
实际上，都是在背叛他们的合法英格兰国王，
which means of course he can seize their property
or say that they owe him money.
这意味着，他当然可以没收他们的财产，或者说他们欠他的钱。
And this very much keeps nobility in line,
but he doesn't rule through love.
这在很大程度上，保持了贵族的地位，但他不是通过仁爱来统治的。
- [Narrator] A key part of establishing the Tudor dynasty
on the throne is Henry's marriage to Elizabeth,
-[旁白]建立都铎王朝的一个关键部分，是亨利和伊丽莎白的婚姻，
the heiress to the House of York in a union
which unites the two warring families as one.
伊丽莎白是约克家族的女继承人，这次联姻，将两个交战的家族，团结为一体。
- And the House of York had always used the symbol of the white rose
and we see it all the time in Yorkist iconography.
-约克家族一直使用白玫瑰作为象征，我们在“约克派”的肖像中，经常看到它。
The house of Lancaster had on occasion used a red rose
symbol and Henry very cleverly actually,
兰开斯特家族有时会用红玫瑰作为标志，亨利很聪明地
noted these two symbols and created the Tudor rose,
注意到了这两个标志，并创造了“都铎玫瑰”，
which is a red and white rose and which symbolized the union
of the House of Lancaster and the House of York.
这是一种红白相间的玫瑰，象征着兰开斯特家族和约克家族的结合。
- [Narrator] Henry knew that any children they should have
would be of both the Lancastrian and the York line,
—[旁白]亨利知道，他们的孩子将会是，兰开斯特家族和约克家族的后代，
ending in perpetuity the wars of the roses.
这将永远结束“玫瑰战争”。
They have a successful marriage
and no less than seven children are born,
他们婚姻美满，至少生了七个孩子，
securing the next generation in the Tudor dynasty.
确保了都铎王朝的下一代。
- [Dr. Norton] Prince Arthur is their eldest
and he is the future of the dynasty.
-[诺顿博士]亚瑟王子是他们的长子，他是这个王朝的未来。
- Arthur, Prince of Wales,was supposed to be the heir
that succeeded to Henry Tudor
-威尔士亲王亚瑟被认为是亨利·都铎的继承人，
and much hope and expectation lay on his shoulders.
很多希望和期待，都压在了他的肩上。
（欧文.埃默森博士，都铎历史学家）
- He wants to use ideas of the legendary king of the Britons,
-他想借用传说中的不列颠国王，
because of course the Tudors are Welsh,
因为都铎王朝是威尔士人，
the descendants of the Britons.
是不列颠人的后裔。
So Arthur is named Arthur,to reference King Arthur and he's
raised in his own household and he's raised to become a king.
所以亚瑟的被命名，与亚瑟王有关，他在自己的家庭中长大，长大后成为国王。
- [Dr. Emmerson] He was the Prince of Wales.
- [埃默森博士]他是威尔士亲王。
He therefore set up court at Ludlow.
因此，他在勒德洛建立了王宫。
In order to secure the realm and to have alliances with other countries,
为了确保王国的安全，并与其他国家结盟，
he was also married to the Infanta of Spain,
他还娶了西班牙公主，
Catherine of Aragon.
阿♥拉♥贡的凯瑟琳。
Tragically their marriage was to be a short lived one
不幸的是，他们的婚姻是短暂的，
for Arthur contracted the sweating sickness
因为亚瑟感染了“出汗症”，
and died suddenly in 1502.
并于1502年突然去世。
- [Dr. Norton] This is devastating both for Henry and for Elizabeth.
-[诺顿博士]这对亨利和伊丽莎白来说，都是毁灭性的打击。
- [Narrator] All of his father's hopes
are undone in his eldest son's death
-[旁白]他父亲所有的希望，都在长子的死后破灭了，
and must now rely upon his only remaining male heir,
现在，必须依靠他唯一剩下的男性继承人：
Prince Henry.
亨利王子。
- Everything changed for Henry when Arthur died.
-亚瑟死后，亨利的一切都变了。
- He is the second son of Henry's VII and Elizabeth York.
-他是亨利七世和伊丽莎白·约克的次子。
- From having been the spare, he was now the heir
-他从曾经的“备选”继承人，现在成了继承人，
and all of England's hopes rested upon his shoulders.
整个英国的希望，都落在了他的肩上
- And he's always intended to be a great nobleman,
-他一直想成为一个伟大的贵族，
but of course isn't raised to become king.
但当然，并不是为了成为国王。
He's declared Prince of Wales
他被宣布为威尔士亲王，
and he now becomes the sole focus of his father's ambitions
and his father's efforts,
现在，他成了他父亲野心和努力的唯一焦点，
because his father has no brothers,
因为，他的父亲没有兄弟，
he has no other surviving sons.
他没有其他幸存的儿子。
So Henry VIII is the future of the Tudor Dynasty.
所以，亨利八世是都铎王朝的未来。
- [Narrator] Henry VII died in 1509,
leaving the throne to his 17 year old son, now Henry VIII.
[旁白]亨利七世死于1509年，把王位留给他17岁的儿子，也就是现在的亨利八世。
- Henry VII was never a popular king.
-亨利七世从来不是一个受欢迎的国王。
Most of his court feared him,
他的大部分的廷臣都害怕他，
so on his death there is a sense of celebration, you know,
所以在他死后，人们都在庆祝，
of joy that England is now gonna get this
young and charismatic king.
大家都很高兴，英格兰迎来了这位，年轻而有魅力的国王。
Henry VIII very much resembled his grandfather,
亨利八世很像他的外祖父，爱德华四世，
Edward IV who'd been very, very popular
and there is a real sense of hope for the future.
爱德华四世非常，非常受欢迎，人们对未来充满希望。
He's seen as a true renaissance prince.
他被视为真正的“文艺复兴王子”。
He's highly educated, he's incredibly good looking.
他受过高等教育，长得非常英俊。
The young Henry VIII was described as so beautiful,
he'd make a pretty woman.
年轻的亨利八世，被描述得如此俊美，他会成为一个漂亮的“女人”。
- [Dr. Emmerson] He was very much
conversant in the language of courtly love.
-[埃默森博士]他非常精通，宫廷中的“甜言蜜语”。
He enjoyed singing,dancing, composing music,
and also playing instruments.