竞相灭绝

只是那时的地球
but when we went through our growing pains,
总共只有10亿人口
there was only a billion people on the planet.
而如今的地球
With China going through its growing pains,
仅中国一国就有13亿人口
there's over 1. 3 billion people in China alone.
如此多的物种濒临消失
We've already pushed so many vulnerable species
人类生存环境接近毁灭的边缘
and the environment to the brink.
我们不能再重蹈覆辙
We can't afford to keep making the same mistakes,
否则终将失去一切
because there will be nothing left.
这车厢里有世界上最稀有的两栖动物
Some of the world's rarest amphibians are inside that trailer.
听说将有一半青蛙物种在20年内消失
I've heard up to half of all frog species could be gone in the next 20 years.
是的
Yeah.
两栖动物有七千多种 全都处于濒危状态
There are 7, 000 species of amphibian, and they're all endangered.
我为被捕的动物拍照片已经有20年了...
Photo ark's my 20-year attempt to photograph every captive species on earth...
只是迫切地想让人们认识到这一问题
One guy's desperate attempt to get people to care.
没别的
That's it.
看这个
There he is.
这是最后一只雷伯氏饰边树蛙...绝对最后一只
The very last rabbs' fringe-limbed tree frog... very last one.
由于巴拿马的壶菌病 现在只剩这最后一只
Chytrid fungus wiped them all out in panama, so he's the last one.
就是这样
That's it.
这只要是死掉 这个物种就灭绝了
When he's gone, they'll be extinct.
帮我把它下巴抬起来一点点好吗
Can we lift his chin up a little bit for me, please?
很好
Perfect.
这是个重要时刻
You know, this is his big moment.
我拍的这些照片
A lot of times, these pictures I do
往往是这些动物在灭绝前
are the only national coverage these animals
唯一一次被报道
will ever get before they go extinct.
唯一的一次机会
This is it. This is their one chance.
真希望这些照片不只是
I really hope the photo ark isn't just some sort of
记录着已经消失的物种
an archive of the things we lost, but instead,
而且能够引起人们关注
It's a chance to get people interested,
让他们能亲眼见到这些动物 并喜欢上它们
look these animals in the eye, and fall in love with them.
地球上大约有334至340种龟类 半数濒危
There's only 330, 340 species of turtles, and half of them are under threat.
如果地球气温再稍稍升高几度
If the temperature rises on the planet just a few degrees,
他们就可能完全灭绝
they're very susceptible to extinction.
所以目前唯一的办法
So, this is really the last line of defense,
就是把这些动物像这样饲养起来
keeping animals that are extinct in the wild in a captive situation.
你可以把这些大自然的创造
I think you could compare something like this
跟世上最精美的艺术品相提并论
or nature in general to the finest works of art on the planet,
它们其实比毕加索 马蒂斯或是沃霍尔的艺术品更完美
and in my opinion more than, you know, the best Picasso, Matisse, Warhol.
生命需要繁荣
Life wants to flourish.
遗传物质需要延续
DNA wants to go forward.
我们需要行动起来
We need to be part of that.
我们人类为什么要将历经几十亿年
Schwartzberg: why would we want to do anything to disrupt
才进化而成的世界破坏掉呢
something that took billions of years to evolve?
知道那些树为什么倒进湖里吗
See how the trees are all falling into the lake?
因为地下的永久冻土层正在融化
And they're doing that because the permafrost in the ground is melting.
在北极 这颗星球上的极寒地区
In the Arctic, in these cold regions around the planet,
在湖底 和海洋深处
underneath the lakes, underneath the oceans,
有超大量冰冻甲烷
there's vast, vast quantities of frozen methane
存在历史有百万年之久
that's been in there for millions of years.
很多甲烷气泡从这湖里冒出来
This lake has a lot of methane bubbling out of it.
事实上 我们可以点燃这些气泡
In fact, we can light those methane bubbles on fire.
学生们了解恐龙灭绝事件
Schoolkids know about the extinction event that killed all the big dinosaurs,
可古生物学家们...那些专业人士...
But paleontologists... you know, the connoisseurs of this...
他们回顾二叠纪灭绝事件
They look back at the Permian extinction.
那是地球有史以来最严重的生物灭绝
That's the biggest extinction in the history of the planet.
几乎所有生命都消失了
Almost all life on the planet disappeared.
人们称之为"大灭绝"
It's called "The Great Dying. "
K-T时期(第三纪过渡)的成因显而易见
You know, the K-T is pretty obvious.
虽说是陨石撞击 可鬼知道什么消灭了
That was caused by a meteor, but what the hell killed
二叠纪时期所有的陆生和水生生物
all the animals on land and sea back at the Permian?
现在他们在反思
And now they're coming around to thinking,
"可能是甲烷导致的"
"It was probably methane. "
北极正在逐渐变暖
So, the Arctic's getting gradually warmer,
那些被埋藏数百万年的甲烷
and the methane that's been locked away for millions of years
开始释放出来
is starting to come out.
当这一切发生的时候
When all this gets going,
我们将遭遇所谓的"失控效应"
we will have what we call a Runaway Effect.
气候变化失去控制 而且无法阻挡
That's runaway climate change, and that's unstoppable.
你没事吧
Are you all right?
消除甲烷问题的唯一方法 是减少二氧化碳排放量
The only way to tackle the methane problem is to reduce CO₂ emissions,
因为二氧化碳的过量排放使北极变暖 释放出甲烷气泡
Because that's what's warming the Arctic, letting this methane bubble up.
最讽刺的是 那些石油公♥司♥
You know, the great irony is, like, the oil companies,
他们把冰层的融化视为商机
they see the melting of the ice as an opportunity
一个能钻更多井采更多油的机会
to go up there and drill more holes for oil,
我们不了解的是 冰川之下...
and what we don't realize, it's underneath that...
这才是人类必须担心的问题
That's what people have to worry about.
我们从化石记录确实了解到
We do know from the fossil record
前人类时期的气候可能变化迅速
that even pre-human climate changes could happen fast.
不是花了几百万年
I'm not talking millions of years.
而是短短三四年的时间...
I'm talking three years or four years...
比房♥抵贷的期限短得多
Way less than a mortgage,
甚至比你孩子念大学的时间还少
less time than it takes for your kid to go through college.
假如世界气温三年内上升六度会是什么情况
And what if the world's temperature goes up six degrees in three years?
这会导致海洋生物大量死亡
It will lead to massive death in the oceans.
当海洋生物开始因此灭亡时
When the oceans start dying like that,
地球将无法像往常一样运行
the planet can't function as it used to function.
灾难发生之时 万物俱亡
And when that happens, life everywhere fails.
那是一场大灭绝
That is a mass extinction.
这是印度尼西亚的一座偏远小岛
There's this remote island in Indonesia.
就在岛的尖端
It's right at the tip,
是海水涌入海峡的地方
Where the sea comes sort of crashing into this channel,
鲸 海豚和各类动物在这里生活
and through this quarter are whales and dolphins and all kinds of animals.
岛的一端是个叫拉马♥凯♥拉的村庄
And at the tip of this island is this village called Lamakera.
这个村庄是世界上我们所知道的
There's no place on earth that we know of where more manta rays
杀死最多蝠鲼的地方
are being killed than in that single village.
印度尼西亚 拉马♥凯♥拉
我们发现如果要解决蝠鲼的问题
We realized if we were gonna deal with the manta issue,
必须从零做起
We had to go to ground zero.
这些是蝠鲼
These are manta rays.
这些是20个一套或40个一套的 一套大概20美元
They make, like, sets of 20 or 40, and they're about $20 a set,
一条魔鬼鱼只能做两套
And you get a couple of sets off a manta maximum,
鱼鳃大概能卖♥♥500到600美金
and then you get about $500 to $600 from the gills.
这就是鱼鳃...可以看到它的边缘
Those are gills... . you can see the end of it.
所有的鳃耙会被运到中国
All the cartilage will be sent to China
被碾碎后做成硫酸氨基葡萄糖药丸
to be crushed down into pills for glucosamine sulfate
用于治疗关节痛或其他病症
for their sore joints and stuff.
我们在这里会见卡巴拉·代萨 他是村长
We sat down to meet with the Kepala Desa, who's the chief.
这里的渔民
以为你们来阻止他们捕捞蝠鲼
要是你们来拉马♥凯♥拉搞环保活动
镇上希望你们能提供别的出路
捕捞蝠鲼是我们主要收入来源
村民靠这种营生给孩子交学费
我们没有农业 根本种不了庄稼
我们别无选择
刚开始 他们不是很热情
Initially, they weren't very welcoming.
他们不想让我们留下
They didn't want us to stay.
可到最后 我们说服他们让我们乘渔船出海
But ultimately, we managed to talk our way onto one of the fishing vessels.
问问他们怎么抓住的
Ask them how they caught it.
看见没
See it?
捕鱼之旅过去了几个小时
A couple of hours into the fishing trip,
他们看见黑影在水面游来游去
they saw this black figure on the surface just cruising.
保罗 朝左
Paul, left.
鲜血开始染红海水
Blood starts to color the water.
那一个小时里 蝠鲼一直奋力挣扎
Over the course of an hour, this thing struggles for its life.
好大
It's big.
我看着这一切 心想"天哪 我做不来"
And I'm looking at this, and I'm going, "God, I can't do this. "
他一刀插♥进♥这动物的脑袋 画面太血腥了
He just sticks in the brain of this animal, and it just freaks out.
我真真切切看到它的灵魂在我眼前消逝
And I actually watched its soul just disappear in front of me,
身体无力地漂在水里
and then it went limp.
保罗 快点
Paul, hurry.
别慌 别慌
No, no. Don't panic, don't panic.
当我们驶回村庄时
As we're going towards the village,
一只大型捕鱼队从我们身边经过