粒子狂热（2013）

At the moment, it's scary.
但现在我感到特别的害怕
At the moment, it's scary. It's scary.
现在我也感到特别的害怕 非常害怕
Yes, then we have to wait another couple of years
没错 然后我们得再等上好几年
for the next round.
直到再次有进展
No, another two years, I'm saying...
我说的是再等两年就好
But still, it doesn't matter.
这个其实没什么影响
You'll be working harder.
你会更加努力工作的
No, but independent of that,
但除了那件事
I think you'll know the truth.
至少你会知道真♥相♥是什么
Yes, yes, no.
是的 当然
And that's the important thing.
而那才是最重要的事
No, you're right. Yes, of course.
是的 你说得对
Coffee is a very serious business
对于理论物理学家来说
in the life of a theorist.
咖啡是个很重要的东西
It's not like physics research,
这不像是做研究的时候
where you can wait for 30 years
你需要先花上30年的时间
before you know if you are right.
然后才知道你做得到底对不对
Within a few minutes, it pays off.
而咖啡只需几分钟就能泡好
If you succeed, it's great.
如果成功了 那样很好
If you fail, you get to try another one
如果失败了 大不了再花几分钟
in another minute.
重新泡一次
In particle physics,
对于粒子物理学来说
you construct a theory 20 years ago,
你得先花20年的时间
and it may take that long
来建立一个理论
before you know if you're on the right track.
在这段时间里你甚至不知道方向是否正确
Jumping from failure to failure
在一次次的失败中徘徊
with undiminished enthusiasm
却仍然没有丧失那份热情
is the big secret to success.
这就是成功的秘诀
Well, the hint that the Higgs was 140 GeV
那个 希格斯粒子的质量是140 GeV
has disappeared.
的说法被推♥翻♥了
All of the new data that just came in
从我们得到的最新数据来看
didn't make the peak bigger.
峰值并没有变高
It sort of filled in the gaps.
而是被其它部分填补上了
And now the peak doesn't look very good.
现在来看这个结果并不好
In fact, the belief is that it's gone away
事实上 我们相信希格斯粒子
and that the Higgs can't be 140 GeV.
的质量不可能是140 GeV
In order for us to believe that we've discovered it,
为了证明我们的推论
that peak needs to be big
我们需要那个峰值特别的高
and basically keep growing as the data comes in.
而且随着数据的不断叠加 那个峰值会不断增高
It's a statistical thing.
这是一个统计学的问题
We call it the Greek letter "sigma."
我们用希腊字母“σ”来表示
If you reach a height of 5 sigma,
如果峰值的高度达到了5σ
that's when you know that you've seen something.
那就说明我们有了新发现
And the probability that that just happens by accident
而仅仅是因为巧合而发生的概率
is 1 in 31/2 million.
是350万分之一
But the Higgs, it's not at 140,
现在希格斯粒子的质量并不是140
which is a bit of a relief,
这对我们来说是件好事
because there's still hope it might be down around 115.
因为这样它的质量就更有可能是在115左右
We like 115,
我们更喜欢115
because if the Higgs is that light,
因为如果希格斯粒子的质量有那么的轻的话
the theory says there has to be new particles,
通过超对称理论可以得知
like supersymmetry,
一定还有新的粒子存在
otherwise the universe is unstable.
否则宇宙将极度不稳定
It wouldn't have survived this long.
它没法存在那么久
This is one of the one of the few truly perfect
这是世界上最好的
academic institutions in the world.
几处学术机构之一
I mean, there's no excuse...
在这里 你没有任何理由
no excuse at all...
完全没有任何理由
not to think and work
不去思考和工作
and get things done.
不去做事情
That's its only problem.
这也是唯一困扰我们的地方
There's no excuse at all not to think
在这里我们没有任何理由
and work and get things done.
不去工作和做事情
You can't blame it on anything if it doesn't work.
你不能为自己找任何借口
Okay, supersymmetry versus multiverse.
现在是超对称理论对阵多元宇宙论
Oh, boy.
噢 天呐
All right.
好吧
That's, uh...
那个
If we're going to start doing that,
如果你确定我们要这么玩的话
this is going to be interesting.
那就有意思了
We have been anticipating that whatever happens
我们对于实验结果将指引我们朝什么方向前进
is going to throw the field in one direction or another.
已经做好了心里准备
Oh, shit!
噢 见鬼
Now that we're really on the doorstep
现在所有的结果
of actually knowing the actual number,
都建立在是否知道准确数值的前提下
I really care intensely about what that number is.
我真的很想知道那个数值会是什么
Well, faster than we thought,
好吧 比我们想象的还要快
there's news that there's going to be another announcement
就已经有新闻说我们将会对外公布
about the Higgs.
关于希格斯粒子的研究结果了
I've heard tons of rumors,
我已经听到太多太多的流言了
and I've heard they're things on blogs,
我在很多的博客和报纸上
and there's already stuff in the newspaper.
都看到了关于这件事的报导
18 hours or so until the announcement,
离发布会还有18个小时
so I'm really looking forward to what they're going to say,
我很想知道他们会怎么说
and I want to be there.
我想到现场看看
Actually, I'm thinking of going early in the morning,
事实上 我想早点去现场
or I'll send my young colleagues,
或者让我体力更好的年轻同事
who have more stamina to sit and occupy a chair for me.
提前去那里帮我占个位置
It is July 3rd...
现在是2012年
the night of July 3, 2012,
7月3日的晚上
and I am driving to Princeton, to the Institute,
我正在开往布林斯顿大学高等研究院的路上
to hang out with Nima and a big crowd,
去和尼玛还有他的同伴们聚一聚
who are all staying up until 3:00 in the morning
我们会一直待到凌晨3点
because they're going to present the Higgs data at CERN
因为在日内瓦时间的早上9点
at 9:00 in the morning Geneva time.
他们将对外公布跟希格斯粒子有关的数据
Certainly the biggest thing that's happened...
能够参与发现新的基本粒子这件事
the discovery of new fundamental particles...
无疑是我这辈子经历过的
in my lifetime.
最大事件
And the Higgs is a particle like no other,
而且希格斯粒子和我们已知的
like nothing we've ever seen before,
所有其它粒子都不一样
and it is weird, and we do not understand it,
它很特殊 我们也对它一无所知
but...
然后
but, uh... and I missed my exit.
然后我错过高速公路的出口了
Cinq, six, sept, huit, neuf.
５ ６ ７ ８ ９
You need quite some skills to sit on it.
这个椅子坏了 你需要特别的技巧才能坐上去
It's possible. Okay.
但并不是不能坐上去 好的
You know, there's one ball missing.
椅子上丢了一个滚轮
Oh, it's, uh... exactly.
啊 好的 我看到了
No, there's one ball missing,
那个椅子也丢了一个滚轮
so it's... you always think you fall down.
每次坐上去你都会觉得要摔倒
Okay.
好的
Look at some of these people, like, totally asleep.
看看那些睡着了的人
Yeah, no, those are the sleeping bags.
他们枕着的是自己的睡袋
My volume is up.
音响已经打开了啊
I don't know why I'm not getting sound.
我不知道为什么没有声音
There isn't like, a thing on here with sound, is there?
这里应该有选项的吧
Who reads lips here?
这里谁会读唇术
Can anyone see if they get sound?
谁去看看他们那里有没有声音
Try streaming it in their offices or something?
试着连到他们的办公室看看
Many apologies, guys. I don't know what's going on.
非常抱歉 我不知道是哪里出了问题
Ah, Peter Higgs. Ah, there he is.
看 是彼得·希格斯 是的 他来了
Here he is. Very good.
他也来了 太棒了
Someone with an iPad.
有人还拿着iPad
Not as well seated as my summer student.
我暑期上课的学生坐的座位都比他靠前
No! Right.
是啊 没错
Peter Higgs doesn't even get a good seat.
竟然不给彼得·希格斯一个好一点的位置
Good morning, everybody here in Geneva.
各位早上好 欢迎来到日内瓦
Today is a special day:
今天是个特殊的日子
we hear two presentations from the two experiments
我们有两个实验部门
ATLAS and CMS.
要分别上台陈述