粒子狂热（2013）

No, I don't know. - A few people.
我也不知道 有的人会这样吧
I was... it was terrible.
那感觉糟透了
Tomorrow's will be better.
或许明天会好一点
I don't think I can say that.
我不确定我能这么说
Say it in a public forum.
起码不能没有证据
I need... I need evidence.
就公开这样说
It's big, no?
它很大吧
Ever since I entered physics,
从我涉足物理领域起
people have been talking abou t this machine.
人们就一直在谈论这个机器
The Large Hadron Collider,
这个大型强子对撞机
the biggest machine ever built by human beings,
一个人类有史以来建造过的最大的机器
is finally going to turn on.
在经过多年的
And after many, many years
等待和理论支持
of waiting and theorizing
终于等到启动的那一天了
about how matter got created
那些关于物质是怎么形成的
and about what the deep fundamental theory
以及关于自然界更深层次
of nature is...
的基本理论
all those theories are finally going to be tested,
终于可以得到验证了
and we're gonna know something.
我们可以因此获得一些结果
And we don't know what it's gonna be now,
虽然目前我们不知道结果会是怎样
but we will know,
但我们肯定会得到结果的
and it's gonna change everything.
而这将会改变一切
And if the LHC sees new particles,
如果这个大型强子对撞机检测到了新的粒子
we're on the right track.
那就证明我们的路线是对的
And if it doesn't, not only have we missed something,
如果没有检测到 那不仅仅是失去了一次机会
but we may not ever know how to proceed.
甚至可能我们永远都没法成功
We are at a fork in the road,
这是一个很重要的转折点
and it's either going to be a golden era...
成功的话我们将会进入一个黄金时代
Oh!
噢！
Or it's going to be quite stark.
或者失败而变得一无所有
And I've never heard of a moment like this in history,
在历史上从没发生过这种
where an entire field is hinging on a single event.
整个领域的未来寄托在一件事上
Hi. Hi.
你好 你好
I'm David. I'm Fabiola.
我是大卫 我是法比奥拉
Fabiola, nice to meet you.
很高兴认识你 法比奥拉
So, look, I have suggested to be on this side
那个 有人告诉我最好站在这边看
because this big wheel is quite spectacular.
因为这个大轮子非常壮观
Yeah, yeah.
是的 是的
More than ever,
前所未见地
this will require the collaboration
这个项目需要理论物理学家
between the theory and experimentalists,
与实验物理学家合作
so it would be a very nice period
所以这应该是一段美好的时光
where we work together and, uh...
大家相互协作
Well, it's fun to finally interact with experimentalists.
对于我来说能够和实验学家合作将会很有趣
I mean, I used to be just in my office,
因为我以前只是天天坐在办公室里
coming up with, you know, crazy ideas.
满脑子都是些疯狂的想法
It's a big thing.
这真是个大家伙
There is a general sense waiting for this machine to start,
人们都在期待这个机器的启动
this massive machine that has taken so many years to build.
我们花费了很多年才建好这个巨大的机器
We are all in great anticipation of what it might find.
我们对于这次能发现什么都满怀期待
And every time there's even a rumor
甚至在这台机器运转之前
that a new particle is discovered...
每当有关于新粒子被发现
even before it turns on...
这样的流言出现
the entire field goes into a fever pitch.
整个物理学界就会陷入狂热
The experiment was designed initially in the mid '80s
这个实验最初是在80年代中期开始设计的
and has taken this long to construct.
然后花了这么长的时间去建设
There are 10,000 people of over 100 nationalities.
有超过100个国家的一万多人参与进来
That includes countries
也包括了那些
which are mortal enemies of each other,
相互敌对的国家
like India and Pakistan, and Georgia and Russia,
比如印度与巴基斯坦 格鲁吉亚与俄♥罗♥斯♥
and Iran and Israel.
伊朗与以色列
All have physicists working on this machine.
他们都有自己国家的物理学家参与进来
These big blue things are 7-ton
这个蓝色的大家伙
superconducting magnets,
是个有7吨♥重的超导磁铁
which have to be cooled with liquid helium
必须要通过液氦冷却
to the coldest temperatures on Earth,
到地球上能达到的最低温度
colder than empty space.
比太空还要冷
There are 100,000 computers
世界上一共有超过十万台电脑
connected all over the world to deal with the data.
连在一起来共同处理这些数据
In fact, the worldwide web was invented at CERN
事实上 互联网是由欧洲粒子物理研究所创造的
so that physicists all over the planet
为了使世界各地的物理学家
could share the data.
可以分享数据
The United States was building a machine just like this,
美国曾经在德克萨斯州建造过一个类似的机器
in fact, a bigger machine, in Texas,
事实上比现在这台还要大
but they ran into a small technical difficulty.
但当时他们遇到了一个小小的技术问题
I doubt anyone believes that the most pressing issues
“我怀疑没有人会相信
facing the nation include an insufficient understanding
对一个国家来说最迫切的问题
of the origins of the universe.
包括对于宇宙起源的了解不足”
Unfortunately, the Superconducting Super Collider
不幸的是 这个超导超级对撞机的提案
was canceled by Congress in 1993.
在1993年被美国国会否决了
And finally, he's saying, "Well, if we don't do it,
最后他们说“如果我们不去做的话
the Europeans will do it."
那帮欧洲人也会做的”
Let them do it!
让他们去做吧！
We'll steal their technology like they steal our technology.
我们将“借用”他们的技术 就像他们“借用”我们的一样
It got very political.
这件事的政♥治♥色彩很浓
It was very expensive, very complicated.
因为它需要投入很大一笔钱 而且相当复杂
It's hard for physicists to explain
复杂到我们自己都很难解释
why we do these kinds of experiments.
我们为什么要去做这么一个实验
The purpose of the machine is not military application.
建造这个机器并不是用于军事目的
It's not commercial application.
也不是用于商业目的
It's to understand something about the basic laws of physics.
而是去探究最基本的物理法则
There are two kinds of particle physicists:
对于粒子物理学家来说 他们分为两类
there are the experimentalists.
一类是实验物理学家
They built the big machines, run the experiments,
他们建造大型机器 做实验
analyze the data, and try to discover things,
分♥析♥数据 试图去发现新的事物
like new particles;
像是新的粒子
And then there are the theorists, like me.
另一类是理论物理学家 比如我
We construct the theories
我们构建能够用来解释
that try to explain everything we see in nature.
自然界中发生的所有事情的理论
Without us, the experimentalists are in the dark,
如果没有我们 实验学家们将失去前进的方向
but without them,
但是如果没有他们
we'll never know the truth.
我们永远也不知道真♥相♥是什么
I mean, if you go, it won't be so terrible.
“我的意思是 如果你去的话 也不会很糟糕吧”
When I was at Stanford, I had a mentor:
当我还在斯坦福大学念书的时候 我有一个导师
Savas Dimopoulos.
萨瓦斯·迪玛普鲁斯
Savas only likes to work on the biggest puzzles.
萨瓦斯只喜欢挑战那些最大的难题
Now, just for fun,
“现在 单纯为了好玩
I wanted to tell you that the enabling technologies that...
我要告诉你们一些可以促进科技进步的事情”
He has some of the most famous theories
他有一些很著名的理论将要在
that will be tested at the LHC,
大型强子对撞机上面检验
but he doesn't know if any of them are true,
但现在他还不知道这些理论中有没有正确的
so there's an intensity with which he approaches physics.
所以他和我们一样对结果十分期待
If he works on a paper that could result in a Nobel Prize,
如果他写的某篇论文是可能获得诺贝尔奖的
he doesn't allow more than three people on the paper,
那他最多只会和两个人合作发表这篇论文
because you can only share the Nobel Prize
因为你最多只能和两个人
with three people.
分享一个诺贝尔奖
That's the level at which he's operating
这就是他现在所达到的级别
and the impac t he's trying to have.
以及他对物理学界所造成的影响力
Takes us beyond the confines of atomic physics.
“这将带领我们超越原子物理学的边界”
In particle physics,
在粒子物理学界
you have to have a threshold amount of intelligence,
你首先要有最基础的知识量
whatever that means.
无论那意味着什么
But the thing that differentiates scientists
但是唯一可以区分不同科学家的
is purely an artistic ability
是他们的艺术才能
to discern what is a good idea,
能够识别什么是正确的观点
what is a beautiful idea,
什么是特别美的观点
what is worth spending time on,
什么是值得你花时间在上面的
and, most importantly,
最后 最重要的是
what is a problem that is sufficiently interesting,
发现那些足够有趣的
yet sufficiently difficult
但又能给你足够多的挑战