地平线系列之电子烟：奇迹还是威胁（2016）

地平线 电子烟：奇迹抑或威胁
安·麦克尼尔教授 伦敦国王学院
奥克萨娜
奥克萨娜 尼古丁替代疗法组
保罗·帕雷迪医生 伦敦大学帝国理工学院及皇家布鲁顿医院
彼得 强制戒烟组
丙烯醛含量 绿色:尼古丁替代组 紫色:电子烟组 蓝色:强制戒烟组
大卫·哈尔彭博士 行为洞察力团队首席执行官
黛比 尼古丁替代疗法组
德里克 电子烟组
德里克 电子烟组
菲利普·班菲尔德医生 英国医学会威尔士分部
广♥告♥
箭头指向哪边
箭头指向哪边
杰克 电子烟组
克莱尔 迈克妻子
空气中的尼古丁含量
琳达·博尔德教授 斯特林大学
露易丝 强制戒烟组
罗伯特·韦斯特教授 伦敦大学学院
罗兰德
罗兰德 电子烟组
罗斯·厄普顿医生 牛津大学
骆驼牌香烟 医生最爱
绿-允许 黄-受限 红-禁止 灰-态度不明
迈克尔·莫斯利的吸烟日程表
尼古丁含量 绿色:尼古丁替代组 紫色:电子烟组
尼古丁含量 绿色:尼古丁替代组 紫色:电子烟组 蓝色:强制戒烟组
潘妮·伍兹博士 英国肺脏基金会
乔
一氧化碳含量 绿色:尼古丁替代组 紫色:电子烟组 蓝色:强制戒烟组
奥克萨娜 尼古丁替代疗法组
大卫·哈尔彭博士 行为洞察力团队首席执行官
你不会在摊前吸电子烟吧 对吗
一样有害
10年 20年 30年之后
in 10, 20, 30 years from now,
2013年 英美烟草集团
In 2013, British American Tobacco
20世纪50年代 体育明星为它做广♥告♥
In the 1950s, it was advertised by sports stars,
按你要求抽那么多
as many vapes as you wanted me to.
奥马尔在分♥析♥我的痰液标本时
When Omar analysed my sputum sample,
奥马尔在其他测试中发现了一点不同
Omar discovered a difference in other tests.'
八人中有七人
in that seven out of eight of you
把鼻夹摘下来吧
Take your nose clip off.
把它卷成杆状 点着再吸入
and you rolled it up into a rod like this, you set fire to it and you inhaled it,
包括尼古丁 水 香料
You have nicotine, you'd have water and flavourings,
薄荷被用于诸多产品中
We have menthol in many products
薄荷味的效果会让很多人感到惊讶
I think that people will be surprised about the effect of the menthol.
保持在正常范围之内
was well within the normal range.
保护我们肺部的小气道
that line the airways of our lungs
抱有一定程度的小心谨慎是应该的
that those companies are getting involved.
被称为电子烟液的液体放在这里
A fluid called an e-liquid is put in here.
被好莱坞所美化 甚至被医生所宣扬
glamorised by Hollywood and even endorsed by doctors.
比抽电子烟时要高得多
compared to electronic cigarettes, vaping.
比传统香烟烟雾中的含量低得多
far lower levels of toxins and nicotine than tobacco smoke,
比起之前给你测的基准值
was fairly consistently slower
比强制戒烟要有效得多
are far more effective than going cold turkey.
比如肺中的一氧化碳
like carbon monoxide in their lungs.
比如缝衣服或写字
We're talking about sewing or writing or...
比使用电子烟的人的气道阻力
showed a greater improvement
变化可能很大
when using an electronic smoking device,
表现得要好很多
are doing much better.
丙二醇和丙三醇
Propylene glycol and glycerin
丙二醇和丙三醇[甘油]
called propylene glycol and glycerol
并不会经常抽电子烟
who are never smokers.
并不是特别不好
particularly harmful to your health.
-并不推荐非吸烟者使用 -对
- it's not recommended for non-smokers. - No.
并观察细胞的变化
and see what happens.
并加上他们想要的口味
with the flavours that they want
并没有一氧化碳
is no exposure to carbon monoxide,
并且我们所有的研究机构
And we do operate to good research practice
并与其他传统的戒烟方式进行对比
and compare them with other, more traditional ways to quit.
并着有不可预知的危害
with dangerous unforeseen consequences?
不到先前的四分之一
are less than a quarter of what they were.
不过还是很感谢
but thanks anyway!
不会的
Not necessarily.
不会损伤血管细胞在日常生活中
doesn't impair the ability of blood vessels to repair themselves
不论是通过传统香烟
whether it's through tobacco
不少人又重新开始吸烟
Several of them have gone back to smoking.
-不是 -以前试过强制戒烟吗
- No! - Have you tried cold turkey before?
不是所有的人都同意这个决定
But not everybody agreed with this decision.
不是烟草味道
rather than tobacco flavour.
不受异物伤害的防御细胞
to protect them from foreign bodies.
不完全是
Almost as bad.
不意味着也能安全吸入
doesn't necessarily mean it is safe to inhale.
不正常的细胞活动有关
cells behaving in abnormal manners
不知道我妻子会对此有什么反应
Don't know what my wife is going to make of this!
部分使电子烟液带不同口味的化合物
that some of the chemicals used to give e-liquids their flavours
测试时会有箭头出现在屏幕上
In this task, an arrow will appear on the screen
差别非常明显
The difference is clear.
差不多有一半会死于吸烟
and about half of them will be killed by their habit.
产生的有毒物质的扫描图
produced by the combustible cigarette.
产生肉眼可见的烟云
when people use e-cigarettes.
成功地抵♥制♥烟瘾戒烟成功
have made it through being perfectly abstinent.
成功戒烟了
who succeeded in the NRT group.
成功率只有4%
the success rate is just 4%.
持续时间不会这么长
during electronic cigarette experiments.
抽烟时空气中的尼古丁含量
There's a lot more nicotine in the air from tobacco smoking
除非他们真的很努力了却还没戒掉
you've struggled to just quit smoking on your own.
传统香烟和电子烟相比
The levels were about 20 times higher from tobacco smoke,
吹气 继续吹 继续吹
Blow! Keep on going. Keep on going.
从这些测试结果来看
From these test results,
存在的一氧化碳
and other toxic chemicals
大部分传统香烟中的有毒物质
And most of the toxicants that you see in cigarettes,
大部分检测并没有显示使用电子烟的人
Most of the tests showed no real difference between the people
大多是为11岁到18岁之间
say 11 to 18.
大多数人说到尼古丁时
Now when most people think of nicotine,
大概安全百分之九十五
than cigarette smoking and
大概二十一小时之后伤口就会完全愈合
and by 21 hours, it should have closed the gap completely.
大家都知道吸烟会导致疾病
and of course it's well known that cigarette smoking causes diseases,
-大权在握 -看起来有点邋遢
- A man of the world? -A bit dirty maybe.
大卫·奥莱利是研究与开♥发♥部门的主管
David O'Reilly is the director of research and development
大卫的团队开展了一个名为划伤测试的项目
David's team have carried out what is called a scratch test.
大型企业跟随潮流 由此饱受争议
large corporations jumped on the bandwagon, and that was controversial.
大型烟草企业现在是
The big tobacco companies are now major players
大约是百分之零点零二
It's something in the region of 0.02%.
但并不同于传统香烟一般致瘾
but they are not as addictive as a tobacco cigarette.
但不抽烟的年轻人
What we are not seeing is regular use among young people
但传统香烟烟雾
but with cigarette smoke,
但大部分对尼古丁的研究
But most of the research into nicotine
但电子烟的情况如何呢
But what about e-cigarettes?
但电子烟也不算是百分之百健康
but hardly a clean bill of health for e-liquids.
但电子烟与传统香烟有一个共同点
But there's one thing they have in common with cigarettes,
但电子烟正真的意义在于帮助人们戒烟
But the real point is to quit.
但对于十多亿人来说 这是他们的日常
but it's something more than a billion people do every day.
但关键问题在于
But the key question is,
但含量比传统香烟烟雾中的低很多
but at a much lower level than with tobacco smoke.
但即使只有四周
But, even after just four weeks,
但令人吃惊的是
But, surprisingly enough,
但马齐的研究表明
but Maciej's research has shown
但你并不一定比
But you don't necessarily feel better than you would have
但人们真正关心的是
But what really matters
但如果你觉得你无法忍♥受那些副作用了
but if you feel that you can't withstand those effects,
但是 抽电子烟时
Nonetheless, if you are using an e-cigarette,
但是奥马尔跟我保证一旦我停止
'But Omar assures me they should return to normal
但是电子烟很可能减缓了
But it is possible that e-cigarettes are slowing down
但是电子烟组和尼古丁贴片组
But the e-cigarette and nicotine patch groups
但是公众对于它们的安全性
But there are concerns about their safety
但是没成功过
Never having been one.
但是那是我的第一反应
but that was my initial instinct,
但是却抵♥制♥电子烟 为什么呢
and yet they're banning e-cigarettes, you think, why?
但是如果我吸烟
But, if I was a smoker,
但是实际上 是让人愉快的果香味
but actually, it's quite sort of pleasantly fruity, isn't it?
但是首先 我要回到故事一开始的地方
But first, I'm going right back to the beginning of the story.
但是随着普及程度的飙升
But as their popularity soared,
但是他们体内的尼古丁水平
but the levels in the body
但是它的确给我带来了不便
but I am experiencing inconvenience.
但是它们的原理是一样的
but they all work on the same principle.