鸟类秘闻（2012）

威尔士的鸟儿过着无比甜美的生活
'A bird's life in Wales must be wonderful.
天堂般的生活
'A life made in heaven.
除了...
'Anything but.
它们得起早贪黑寻找食物和水源
'Birds have to work from dawn to dusk to find food and water.
否则，就会死掉
'If they don't, they die.
它们还得和环境抗争
'They have to battle with the elements too.
尤其是在冬季 存活下来极其困难
'Survival, especially during winter, is always difficult.
春季 它们忙着生儿育女
'And during the spring, they're busy raising families.
它们还得忍♥受我们人类
'They also have to put up with us
它们得在我们人类环境中寻求生存之道
'and find a way of surviving in our artificial landscape.
在本系列剧中
In this series,
我会探寻威尔士境内鸟儿们的真实生活
I'll be finding out what a bird's life is really like in Wales.
我会寻遍这里各种不同种类的鸟儿
I'm going to be discovering the vast array of species we have here.
探究它们生活的奥秘
And I'll be probing into their secret lives.
一只雏燕正等着进食
'A young swallow is waiting to be fed.
这将是他准备往南飞向非洲的"猛犸象之旅"前
'It'll be one of the last feeds he'll get from his parents
最后一次由他的父母喂食
'before he begins a mammoth journey south to Africa.
他整个夏天都在这个威尔士科尔温湾附近的农场度过
'He spent the Welsh summer at this farm near Colwyn Bay.
几周前 他还和其他兄弟姐妹一起
'A few weeks ago, he was tucked away in a nest
藏在巢里
'with his brothers and sisters,
全都想抢到最大的一口食物
all vying for the biggest mouthful.
它们成长中一直在观察聆听人类的活动
'They grew up watching and listening to human activity.
和其它动物同住一片屋檐下
'And other animals sharing the accommodation.
成年鸟的经验告诉它们这的环境很安全
'Experience has taught the adults that this is a safe environment.
像许多其它都市鸟儿一样
'Like many other urban birds,
这些燕子早已适应了同人类朝夕相处
'these swallows have adapted to live side by side with people.
在本期节目中 我将探寻鸟儿们
'In this program, I'll be looking at the different ways
如何以各种方式应对我们的人造环境
birds make use of the landscape we create,
人造建筑
'the structures we build
还有我们的废弃物
and the materials we discard.
许多鸟儿在我们威尔士各处安家落户
'Birds are so much at home in our towns in Wales,
我们人类习以为常了
'we've got used to them.
我们通常都是彼此忽视
'We tend to ignore each other largely.
这两只雄性黑鹂正在纽镇的公园一角争斗，
'These two male blackbirds are fighting over a piece of park in Newtown
这种争斗没能引起任何人的注意
'and the dispute is hardly noticed by anyone.
卡迪夫市萝丝公园的清晨
'Early morning in Roath Park, Cardiff.
一只戴菊莺忙着寻找常春藤中的虫子
'A goldcrest is busy looking for insects amongst the ivy.
大多数人没有想到如此漂亮的鸟儿
'Most of us don't realise that such a beautiful bird
会生活在城镇里
'can be a real towny.
在普尔黑利最西边地区主干道旁
'Beside the main road in the west end of Pwllheli,
生活着一种奇特的野生动物—苍鹭
'a fantastic wildlife show is provided by herons.
它们在这筑巢群居
'They've set up a nesting colony.'
苍鹭筑巢群居确实很少见
It's really unusual to be eye level with nesting herons like this,
尤其还是在城镇的中心区
especially in the middle of a town.
通常它们会把巢穴筑在最高的大树的顶部
Usually, they nest right at the tops of the highest trees,
但这儿的苍鹭 直接在低矮的褪柳林筑巢了
but here, they're low down in willows.
现在时月尚早 褪柳林还很光秃
You can see how early it is. The pussy willows are out.
现在是四月初 柳树正是开花的季节
They're actually flowering now. It's the beginning of April.
有些正在哺育雏鸟
Some of these are feeding chicks, which means they laid eggs
应该是二月中旬产的蛋
in the middle of February.
时间相当相当地早
That is very very early
我喜欢苍鹭 它们是原始鸟类
I like herons. They're kind of primordial birds.
它们看起来还像1000年以前的样子
They look as if they belong 1,000 years ago, not now.
它们还有史前的外貌特征
They've got this prehistoric look about them.
它们值得观赏
They're such great birds to watch.
想想这些巨鸟 太不可思议了
It's incredible to think that huge birds like that,
它们有四英尺半高 居然在树上筑巢
they are four and a half feet tall, they nest in trees.
我总以为它们在芦苇地里筑巢 结果不是
I always expect them to nest in amongst reed beds, but they don't.
它们就像这样在树顶筑巢
They nest high up in trees like this.
这些苍鹭太不可思议了
What's fantastic about these herons
你可以观察到它们整个繁殖期
is that you can watch the whole breeding season
毫无间断
in full, uninterrupted view.
我特别欣赏它们的示爱行为
'I particularly like their courtship ritual.
每当成年鸟儿返回鸟巢时 它们会相互问候
'Every time one of the adults returns to the nest,they greet each other.
记住 你可以在普尔黑利城中心看到这一幕
'And remember, you can see this view right in the middle of Pwllheli.
这些雏鸟是你从没见过的毛发最凌乱的
'The chicks are one of the most dishevelled looking birds you'll ever see.
在威尔士地区所有的鸟类中
'Herons have one of the longest
苍鹭的生殖期是其中最长的之一
breeding periods of any Welsh bird.
这可能是威尔士最佳的观赏景点
'This is probably one of the best entertainments shows in Wales
成长活动在三月至六月间 持续四个月
'and the performance lasts four months between March and June.
这景观对于人们来说 因不常见所以奇特
'The views are exceptional because the herons are used to people.
鸟儿美景通常远在天边近在眼前
'But the best bird shows of all are often even nearer home.
就在后花♥园♥当中
'It's in the back garden.
这是位于维尔什波尔附近
'This wonderful one is at Pentrebeirdd
潘特巴德的美丽景色
near Welshpool.
这就是花草树木的殿堂
'It's a fabulous collection of flowers, trees and shrubs.
人类和鸟儿共赏的地方
'A great setting for people and birds alike.'
当我们浮想人造环境时
When we usually think about man-made landscapes,
我们通常会认为人造环境
we think about a habitat
对于鸟儿们来说是个很糟糕的栖息地
that's quite poor for birds.
但并非事事如此 这儿就是个例外
But it's not always the case. You take gardens now.
这儿有棵苹果树
There's an apple tree here.
当果子成熟时 鸟儿就会过来食苹果
The birds will come in when they're ripe and eat the apples.
花朵,灌木,灌木丛,它们会吸引昆虫
Flowers, shrubs and bushes. They'll attract the insects.
它们就成为了鸟儿的食物
Food for the birds.
它们在这儿筑巢 在这儿得到庇护
They'll nest in there, they'll shelter in there.
事实上 每个花♥园♥都有一块草坪
Every garden, virtually, has got a lawn
它们可以吃蚯蚓和蛴螬
where they can feed on earthworms and grubs.
我们常谈起的鸟儿 比方说黑鹂和知更鸟
And we're talking here about birds like blackbirds and robins,
它们最初都是山林鸟
who would have originally been woodland birds.
但它们发现我们人类的花♥园♥ 是个更好的栖息地
But they've found in our gardens a habitat that's even better.
这些山林鸟找到了黄金宝地
'These woodland birds have found the perfect place.
它们的天堂
'Their equivalent of paradise,
在这块富饶的栖息地 它们丰衣足食
'where they'll find all they need in one rich habitat.
鸟儿通常会很善于利用我们栽植的植物
'And birds occasionally make clever use of the plants that we grow.
这是波厄斯郡纽镇的格雷格诺山庄花♥园♥
'These are the gardens of Gregynog Hall near Newtown in Powys.
外来的针叶树栽植在主草坪两旁
'Foreign conifer trees have been planted beside the main lawns.
尽管这些树只在威尔士本地生长了二百年
'Although trees like these have only appeared on the Welsh landscape during the past 200 years,
一些本地的鸟儿已在这些外来植物上
one local bird has already taken advantage of the new opportunities
觅得新良机
that these exotic plants provide.'
这是颗大树 叫巨型赤杉或是巨杉
This is a great tree. It's a giant redwood or a Wellingtonia.
与巨型红杉一样巨大
Exactly the same as the big giant redwoods
从美国加州移植过来的
'you have over in California.
它才150岁 还有很长的路要走
'This is only about 150 years old, so it's got a long way to go yet.
它的特征之一树皮 又厚又软
One of the unique things about it is this thick, soft bark here.
一般的山林鸟儿会利用这种树皮
A common woodland bird takes advantage of this bark
度过寒冷的冬夜
to roost overnight on these freezing cold winter nights.
所要做的就是 打一个小洞
What it does, it digs a little hole,
蜷在里面直到清晨 然后飞出来
tucks itself in there until the early morning and then flies off.
但若我们想看到这一幕 就要等到天黑后再来
But if we want to see it, we've got to come back here after dark.
就是这样 这是一只旋木雀
And this is it. It's a treecreeper.
鸟儿已经躲在自己挖的软树皮洞里了
The bird has dug himself a little hole into that soft bark,
它充分认识到自己要与外界隔绝
knowing full well he's going to be insulated all around.
头 腹 腿 都已经隐藏起来了
His face and his belly and feet have gone right in
展露在外面的是后背稠密的羽毛
and all that sticks out are his dense back feathers.
它也知道任何一只路过的猫头鹰也不会发现他
He also knows that any passing owl is never going to see him
因为那些羽毛同周围的树皮一起掩饰的天衣无缝
because those feathers blend in perfectly with the surrounding bark.
这是最舒适的栖息位置了
'And that's one of the cosiest roosting sites
任何一只鸟儿都能拥有
'that any bird could possibly have.
建筑物给鸟儿们的生活提供了无尽的可能性
'Buildings provide an endless variety of possibilities for birdlife.
寒鸦利用烟囱做替代性巢穴
'Jackdaws use chimneys as alternative nesting sites
替代了岩石峭壁和树洞
'to rocky cliffs and tree holes.
冬天 烟囱还会提供额外的热源
'During winter, chimneys also have the added bonus of a source of heat.
冬天 你会经常看见它们
'You often see Jackdaws warming themselves up
站在烟囱上取暖
on a cold winter's day.
这里是贝兹考德
'These are at Betws-y-Coed.
鸽子的巢穴在孔洞和隐蔽处
'Pigeons nest in nooks and crannies.
它们在拉格兰城♥堡♥的墙上
'These have discovered useful gullies
发现了有利于居住的沟洞
'in the walls of Raglan Castle.
在人类文明之前 野生鸽子是在沿海峭壁上筑巢
'Before people, wild pigeons nested on coastal cliffs.