中国创造（2016）

本周 我们重返中国
This week we are back in China,
将看到以分定人
with humans' re-juice to numbers,
机器人升级为服务生 机器僧
and robots promoted to waiters, and monks.
我们的中国之旅横贯这片广袤大地
Our journey through China has taken us across this vast country.
从拉面到吃蠕虫
From swirling meals to meal worms.
从羽毛球扣杀到抡锤砸桥
From badminton smashes to smashing bridges.
这是一个迷人的国度 渴望成功
It's a fascinating place, hungry for success.
但有一点我们无法回避
But there's one subject you can't avoid here.
中国并不自♥由♥
China is not free.
中国人并不能为其所愿
Its people can't just do what they want,
言所欲言 阅所欲阅
say what they want, read what they want.
政♥府♥严控媒体
The government controls the media here
还对极力封锁网络
and it tries its hardest to lock down the Internet, too.
在此 无论何时上网
Whenever you go online here,
都有一个无法逾越的障碍
you hit a massive obstruction.
防火长城
The great firewall of China.
它是一个用以滤去与中国政♥治♥价值观
It is a filter that blocks access to sites,
对立的网站 应用及搜索关键字的过滤器
apps and search terms considered contrary to Chinese
其中包括脸书和推特
values, and that includes Facebook and Twitter,
还有所有谷歌♥服务 包括Gmail 甚至谷歌♥主页
and all Google services, including Gmail and even the home page.
香港出版商 鲍朴
Hong Kong publisher, Bao Pu
对中国审查制度的信息了如指掌
knows more about Chinese state censorship the most.
部分中国前高♥官♥
Some of ex-high-ranking Chinese official,
现也反对 比如鲍♥彤♥
now dissident, Bao Tong,
他发表了大量著作
he's released a host of books
阐述了他对中国政体的质疑
that take a critical look at the politics of the Chinese state.
这些书籍已在大♥陆♥被禁
The books are banned in mainland China.
防火长城本质上
The Great Firewall, in its essence,
是思想的防火墙
is the Great Firewall of the mind.
它事实上与中国政体共存亡
The firewall actually will last as long as the regime lasts,
与控制制度同呼吸
as long as the impulses of control
政♥府♥存在 它就要发挥作用
for the Government last and it will work.
它不是一个短期的策略
And it doesn't work in the short run,
而是一个长♥期♥的规划
it works in the long run.
它屏蔽了特定的信息
Because it blocks certain information,
对很多人来说 他们甚至
and for people who are actually not knowing
对它的存在一无所知
this information everything existed.
他们并不知晓
They don't know.
作为一个外国人 你
As a foreigner, you might
可能不会注意到防火长城
not actually notice the great firewall first.
我们外出 使用手♥机♥漫游
We've been out and about, roaming on our smartphones,
我能使用Gmail的全部功能
and I've been getting all of my Gmails,
接收到推特和脸书的全部更新
tweets and all my Facebook updates.
但如果你将设备
But if you log your device
连上当地的无线局域网
onto a local Wi-Fi service,
这时候你才能真正看到
that's when you start to see
中国人的网络世界
the Internet as the Chinese do.
无法加载更新
Updates don't load,
无法打开网页
websites become unavailable.
不过事实上
It turns out that though,
不是什么大问题
not to be a huge problem.
我们可以通过VPN获取服务
We've been accessing services through a VPN,
VPN是虚拟专用网络
a virtual private network,
它的原理是提供一个通道
now the way these things work is that I give you an access
供用户接入国外服务器
to a server somewhere else in the world,
中国外的服务器 你就可以从连接地虚拟上网
somewhere outside China. And you access the web from there.
现在我的手♥机♥已经连接上了中国无线网
So, I've got a phone here which is logged on to Chinese Wi-Fi,
如你所见
and as you can see,
许多内容无法访问 现在我连接VPN
things just aren't working here, until I switch to a VPN.
选择荷兰服务器 全部可以访问了
From the Netherlands and all of these access is back.
此事已是天下皆知
So, this will already know.
然而 局面正逐渐变得黑暗起来
However, things are starting to get a little more dark.
监管者鼓励中国网民
Chinese citizens are being encouraged
互相举报
to report on each other online,
搜查不当内容
looking for inappropriate content
例如具有政♥治♥煽动性的言论
like politically motivative messaging.
私人信息正被监控
Private messaging is being monitored
数字足迹亦然
and your digital footprint,
你在网上的干什么 跟谁聊
what you do online and who you talk to,
会对你的求职 或者申请信♥用♥卡♥
could start to automatically affect the chance you getting a job
带来影响
or getting access to credit.
丹·西蒙斯 上海报道
Dan Simmons reports from the city of Shanghai.
正如中国都市正与西方城市趋同
Just as big Chinese cities start to look more like Western ones,
中国的"脸书"和"eBay"们
each day, so like in the West, the Chinese equivalents
也像它们的西方前辈一样 越来越了解用户了
of Facebook or eBay are getting to know their users even better.
在上海的市中心四处逛逛
Wandering round this metropolis,
安然如身处家中
it's easy to feel very at home.
这里可以买♥♥到任何东西 但同时也很容易忽视
You can buy anything here. But it's also really easy to forget
你正被监控
that you could be being watched.
不是通过画布而是通过应用程序
Not by canvas but through apps.
微信是一种综合
WeChat has become a sort
WhatsApp与脸书的应用程序
of WhatsApp and Facebook well into one.
在中国几乎是人手必备
Almost everyone online uses it here.
WhatsApp会对信息进行加密以防窃听
But while WhatsApp messages are encrypted to stop snooping,
微信则全然不同
it's a very different story on Wechat.
我生活的方方面面都离不开微信
I use it for everything in my life.
用到的地方很多 比如日常简讯
Pretty much, you know, day-to-day message,
我们用微信来视频聊天 电♥话♥会议
and we do video calls, we do conference calls.
大事小情都离不开它 包括支付
Actually, we do everything, including payment.
我们正被监控
We're being watched.
当然 我是说 大家都知道
Of course, I mean, everybody knows
我们正被监控 监控无处不在
we're being watched, because surveillance is everywhere.
如果有人通过网络进行学♥生♥运♥动♥
If this were a student protest,
那么不出一天他们就会被政♥府♥
it would only take about less than one day for the Government
查出并进行网♥络♥封♥锁♥
to find out and then it will be taken offline.
我挺能理解的
I sort of understand
政♥府♥屏蔽这些信息是为了维持
that the Government is trying to block some things to maintain
所谓的和谐 或者说社会稳定
the so-called harmony, or the social stability,
可我觉得
but I feel that it's our
我们有权了解外界真♥相♥
right to know about what's happening out there,
我们有权对事物做出自己的判断
and it's our right to have our own judgment on stuff that's fair to us.
一些发表过多
Certain accounts that post too many things
政♥府♥禁止内容的帐号♥ 会被永久封锁
that the Government doesn't approve of will be blocked forever.
被监控是一方面
Being watched is one thing,
胜杰说 用户互相举报的情况
but Shengjie says that, increasingly,
愈演愈烈
users are reporting each other.
事实上我的一个室友 隶属某个组织
One of my roommates, actually, is a part of the team,
他收到上级的信息
so he received a message from his leader
让他做这做那
saying that you should do this and you should do that,
说这是秘密
and said this is a secret,
别告诉任何人
don't tell anyone else.
所以 你们会让一些大学生
So, you have university students
-去监视别的大学生 -没错
- spying on other university students? - That is correct.
然后向政♥府♥报告情况
And reporting them to the Government?
对 是这样
Yes. That's correct.
微信正从一个社交平台
WeChat's move into being a purchasing platform,
逐步向购物平台扩展
as well as a social one,
这意味着他们同样会保存用户的购物历史
means they have each user's buying history on records, too.
这样一种社交与经济的混合形式
And that mixing of the social
会引起人们的担忧
and financial is a cause of some concerns.
压力集团 隐私国际称
The pressure group Privacy International says that
中国最新的一个发展项目引起了他们的担忧
it's worried about a new development in China
叫做芝麻信用
called Sesame Credit.
若你你发现在社交媒体上
How would you feel if the information
分享的消息
you were sharing on social media,
你和同事之间所有的交流
all communications that you are having with your partner
都会影响你获得信贷的机会
impacted the chances of you getting credit,
本质上就是影响你买♥♥好房♥好车的机会
and essentially the chances of you getting a nicer house,
供孩子去上更好大学的机会 你会作何感想
and nicer car, having your kids go better university?
你愿不愿意
Would you be willing,