冰冻星球（2011）

这里是地球上最极端的冰冻栖息地
here in the most extreme frozen habitat on Earth.
南极这么冷
Antarctica is so cold
因为它位于地球的最南端
because of its position at the far south of the planet.
但是向北走，你会发现其他冰冷的世界
But travel north, and you'll find other icy worlds
由海拔高度造成的 - 在山区
that are created by altitude - in the mountains.
在南美洲的安第斯山脉，
The Andes, in South America,
拥有 4,500 英里白雪覆盖的山峰，
with its 4,500 miles of snow-covered peaks,
是地球上最长的距离
is the longest range on Earth.
这些高度冰冷的世界甚至存在于赤道附近，
These high icy worlds even exist close to the equator,
--太阳最热的地方，如同非洲的肯尼亚山
where the sun is at its hottest - as on Mount Kenya, in Africa.
但最高的山脉绵延 1,500 英里
But the highest mountains of all stretch 1,500 miles across
亚洲亚♥热♥带北部--喜马拉雅山脉
the north of sub-tropical Asia - the Himalaya.
在西端，与巴基斯坦接壤，
At the western end, bordering Pakistan,
耸立着喀喇昆仑山
stand the Karakoram.
它们包含很多超过 8,000 米高的山峰
They contain more peaks over 8,000 metres high
比地球上任何其他范围的都多...
than any other range on Earth...
...并包括高 8,600 米的 乔戈里峰
...and include K2, which stands over 8,600 metres tall.
喜马拉雅山坡的堆积有最大的
The slopes of the Himalaya carry the greatest accumulation
极地以外的冰雪
of snow and ice outside the polar regions.
这是一个被称为第三极的区域
It's an area known as the Third Pole.
在喜马拉雅山以北，
But north of the Himalaya,
海拔高度创造了更令人惊讶的冰冻世界
there are even more surprising frozen worlds created by altitude.
遥远的白雪皑皑的沙漠...
A remote snow-bound desert...
...戈壁
...the Gobi.
再往前是一片绵延的草地
And beyond it, a grassy plain that stretches
横跨中亚5,000英里
for 5,000 miles across Central Asia.
它被称为大草原
It's known as the Great Steppe.
这里，在巨石巢穴中躲避恶劣的条件的
Here, sheltering from the elements in his boulder den,
是一个有点不开心的居民
is a somewhat grouchy resident.
帕拉斯的猫
A Pallas's cat.
他拥有世界上所有猫科动物中最密集的皮毛
He has the densest fur of any cat in the world.
尽管如此，为了保暖，他每天必须捕捉多达五只啮齿动物
Nonetheless, to keep warm, he must catch up to five rodents a day.
菜单的第一条是田鼠...
Top of the menu are voles...
...还有沙鼠
...and gerbils.
相对比较同类体型，
Relative to body size,
帕拉斯的猫是所有猫中腿最短的...
Pallas's cats have one of the shortest legs of any cat...
...这有助于在跟踪猎物时保持低体♥位♥
...and that helps by giving them a low profile when stalking.
但它不适合涉过深雪
But it's not so good for wading through deep snow.
没关系，还有很多
Never mind. There are plenty more.
他只需要保持专注
He just needs to stay focused.
不幸的是，他在雪地里待的时间越长，
Unfortunately, the longer he's out in the snow,
他的爪子越冷
the colder his paws become.
而且他只有一种方法可以让血液再次循环
And he has only one way to get the blood circulating again.
这可能是太多了
That could be one shake too many.
帕拉斯的猫只有三分之一的狩猎成功率
Only one hunt in three by a Pallas's cat is successful.
难怪他享有盛誉
No wonder he has the reputation of being
“世界上最坏脾气的猫”
the grumpiest cat in the world.
在草原的北部，在高纬度地区，
To the north of the steppe, in higher latitudes,
是另一个冰冻的世界
lies yet another frozen world.
北方森林
The boreal forest.
7500 亿棵白雪覆盖的树木
750 billion snow-covered trees.
它是地球上最大的森林，
It's the largest forest on Earth,
环绕世界之巅
encircling the top of the world
从欧洲到俄♥罗♥斯♥，
from Europe to Russia,
并穿越到北美
and across to North America.
在这片广阔的西伯利亚森林的最东端
At the far eastern end of this vast Siberian forest
是世界上最稀有的大型猫科动物之一的狩猎场
lies the hunting ground of one of the world's rarest big cats.
西伯利亚虎
The Siberian tiger.
非法狩猎和其栖息地的破坏
Illegal hunting and destruction of its habitat
把这只老虎逼到了灭绝的边缘
have driven this tiger to the very brink of extinction.
现在只有不到 500 只，留在野外
Now fewer than 500 remain in the wild.
它重近 200 公斤，是所有大型猫科动物中最大的
Weighing nearly 200kg, it's the largest of all the big cats.
为了保持体温，这只雄性每天必须吃10公斤肉
To keep warm, this male must eat 10kg of meat a day.
在冬天，任何猎物仍然留在这里...
But in winter, any prey remaining here...
...太容易受惊了
...is all too easily alarmed.
他必须巡逻他整个 700 平方英里的领土
He must patrol his entire 700 square mile territory
--如果他要找到足够的食物
if he is to find enough to eat.
猪哼着鼻子
PIGS SNORTING
他敏锐的嗅觉告诉他，野猪在这里
His acute sense of smell tells him that wild pig were here.
老虎嗅
TIGER SNUFFLES
他饿得连一头150公斤重的黑熊都吃得下
He's so hungry that he would tackle even a 150kg black bear.
但熊几个月前就离开了这里...
But it left here months ago...
...只留下一丝淡淡的气味
...leaving only a faint trace of its scent.
秋天，这里的熊躲避即将到来的冬天
In the autumn, bears here escape the coming winter
在洞穴中冬眠
by hibernating inside caves.
但这并不能阻止老虎试图抓住一只
But that wouldn't stop a tiger from trying to catch one.
远程摄像机揭示了熊的去向
Remote cameras reveal the bear's whereabouts.
几个月前，它退回到了最远的隐蔽处
It retreated into the farthest recess months ago.
老虎实在太大了，够不着
The tiger is simply too big to reach it.
但准备好迎接每一个机会，
But ready for every opportunity,
这只大猫能够忍♥受漫长的西伯利亚冬天
this big cat is able to endure the long Siberian winter.
只要这片森林没有偷猎者，
And as long as this forest is kept free from poachers,
这些出色的的老虎有很大的生存机会
these magnificent tigers have a good chance of surviving.
在北方森林的北部...
In the northerly reaches of the boreal forest...
...一种奇怪的现象照亮了夜空
...a strange phenomenon illuminates the night sky.
北极光
The Aurora borealis.
来自太阳的带电粒子
Electrically charged particles from the sun
与地球大气层摩擦，
collide with the Earth's atmosphere,
创造这个超凡脱俗的光影展示
creating this otherworldly display.
从太空看，极光为冰冻的两极带来光明，
Viewed from space, the aurora brings light to the frozen poles,
否则极地将在黑暗中停留近三个月
which otherwise would remain in darkness for almost three months.
这是北极苔原...
This is the Arctic tundra...
...温度可能会降至 - 50 摄氏度
...where temperatures can fall to - 50 degrees Celsius.
很少、甚至没有庇护所，
With little or no shelter,
很少有动物能在这里过冬
few animals can survive the winter here.
但有些动物能够
But some do.
麝牛
Muskox.
上一个冰河时代的遗迹
Relics from the last ice age.
两层毛皮保护它们免受-30度的温度
Two layers of fur protect them from temperatures of -30 degrees.
这使他们可以在早春分娩
This allows them to give birth in early spring.
六小时大的小牛已经能够站立...
At six hours old, a calf is already able to stand...
...准备跟随牛群寻找新鲜的牧草
...ready to follow the herd in the search for fresh grazing.
但在他们获得力量之前，
But until they gain in strength,
他们非常脆弱
they are very vulnerable.
他们正在被跟踪
They're being stalked.
灰熊
Grizzly bears.
体重达300公斤，
Weighing up to 300kg,
他们在冬眠六个月后出现了...
they have emerged after six months of hibernation...
...而且非常饿
...and are extremely hungry.
一只熊就在十米之内...
One gets to within just ten metres...
...然后攻击
...and then attacks.
小牛与母亲分离，
Separated from their mothers,
刚出生的小牛分不清朋友...
the newly born are unable to distinguish friend...
...还是敌人
...from foe.
熊本能地杀死了它可以杀死的每一头小牛
The bear instinctively kills every calf it can.
只有少数小牛能够逃脱
Only a few escape.
但是现在牛群已经很远了...
But the herd is now far away...
...他太虚弱了，无法跟随
...and he is too weak to follow.
90% 的小牛活不过第一年
90% of calves do not survive their first year.
即使没有受伤的牛，如果没有母亲，也几乎没有机会
Even one without injury stands little chance without its mother.
重聚
Reunited.
如果只有几头小牛能活到成年，
If just a few calves survive to adulthood,
牛群的未来将是安全的
the future of the herd will be secure.
苔原以北是北冰洋，
North of the tundra lies the Arctic Ocean,
被三大洲包围--
surrounded by three continents -
欧洲、北美和亚洲
Europe, North America and Asia.
冬天，它几乎完全冻结
In winter, it remains almost entirely frozen.
但随着春天的阳光终于到达地球上的最北端
But as the spring sunshine finally reaches the northernmost part
海冰开始破裂
of the planet, the sea ice begins to break up.
这标志着繁殖季节的开始
This marks the start of the breeding season