外星世界（2020）

and two hydrogen atoms.
由于这两种元素的属性 和它们结合的方式
And because of the nature of the elements and the way they're bound,
氧原子一侧带有负电
we have a net negative chargexa0 at the oxygen side
氢原子一侧带有正电
and positive on the two hydrogens.
这就意味着每个水分子中的氢原子
This means that every hydrogenxa0 in a molecule
可以和附近其他水分子的氧原子 发生互动
can interact with the oxygenxa0 on the other molecules neighboring.
把这种吸引力复♥制♥ 作用于周围无数的分子
Replicate this attraction for billions of neighboring molecules
你会得到一种非常粘稠的物质
and you getxa0 a substance that is very sticky.
水分子不但互相吸引
And water molecules don't just attract each other,
而且会吸引任何与之接触的分子
they attract almost any other molecule they come in contact with.
它们会把其他物质分解
They pull other substances apart,
将它们溶解
break them down, and dissolve them.
水是一种万能的溶解剂
Water is the universal solvent
因为它具有独特的溶解 营养和化学物质的能力
because of its unique ability to dissolve nutrients and chemicals.
几乎可以确定 地球上第一次出现生命不是在陆地上
It seems certain the first sparkxa0 of life on Earth happened not on land. . .
而是在水里
but in water.
在原始海洋深处
Deep underwater, in the primordial oceans,
用于形成生命的化学成分在周围旋转
the chemical ingredients for life were swirling around.
所需要的是一个地方能集中这些成分
What was needed was a placexa0 to concentrate these ingredients. . .
让化学反应得以发生 这将最终导致生命的产生
to allow the chemical reaction that would eventually lead to life.
热液喷口有可能就是这样的地方
That place could have beenxa0 a hydrothermal vent.
水和地层深处的热岩石发生反应
Water interacts with hot rocksxa0 deep underground.
涌回冰冷的海水中
It comes gushing back upxa0 into the freezing seawater
并且携带营养化学物质…
carrying nutrients and chemicals. . .
富有生命的小泡泡
little bubbles of life.
水和生命的联♥系♥是如此紧密
The link between water and life is so strong,
很难想象 如果没有水 在宇宙中的任何地方
it's hard to imagine any life anywhere in the universe
会有生命存在
existing without it.
想起来令人难以置信
It's mind-boggling to think,
生命在这种极端的地方得以诞生
you know, how life can find a wayxa0 in very extreme places.
这种地方非常热 非常冷 终究一切归结为水
Very hot, very cold. And at the end, it's all about the water.
只要有液体水的存在 你就能找到生命
If there's liquid water, you'll find life.
水在亚努斯非常稀缺
Water on Janus is scarce.
要么就是冻结为冰
It either freezes as ice. . .
要么就是风中的蒸汽
or evaporates into the wind.
但还是有足够的液体水
But there's just enough liquid water
让生命得以开始…
for life to take hold. . .
让最坚强的生物
and for the toughest of creatures
能够适应和幸存
to adapt and survive.
美国宇航局有句话
At NASA, they have a saying.
“如果你想找到生命…
"If you want to find life. . .
那就跟着水去寻找”
follow the water. "
在一个不同的世界 生命又将如何适应？
How might life adapt on a different world?
那里有两个太阳
One with two stars,
比地球有更多的能量
where there's more energy than on Earth.
一个对生命来说完美的星球
A planet perfect for life.