完美星球（2021）

There is a nuclear reactor 93 million miles away.
九千三百万英里外有一座核反应堆
We call it the Sun.
我们称之为太阳
Its rays,travelling through space,
它的光线穿越太空,
reach the Earth in just eight minutes
八分钟内到达地球
and give power to life throughout the planet.
给地球上的生命提供能量
Its daily and yearly rhythms
每天和每年的节奏
shape the existence of every creature on Earth
塑造地球上每一种生物的存在
and has done so for over three billion years.
已经有30多亿年了
In the beginning
一开始
there was light.
有灯光
Surprisingly,perhaps,almost every part of the Earth's surface
令人惊讶的是,地球表面几乎每一部分
receives the same quantity of sunlight each year
每年接受相同数量的阳光
4,380 hours of it.
4380小时
But it's delivered in varying amounts
但数量不一
at different times of the year,
在一年中的不同时间,
depending on where you are.
取决于你在哪里
It's only here in the tropics,close to the equator,
只有在热带靠近赤道的地方,
that there are 12 hours of guaranteed daily sunlight
保证每天有12小时的日照
the year round.
一年四季
And,here,that has created a great richness of life -
在这里,它创造了丰富多彩的生活-
the tropical forest.
热带森林
Each leaf is a natural solar panel which collects the sun's energy
每片叶子都是一块收集太阳能量的天然太阳能板
and fuels a multitude of plants.
为许多植物提供燃料
And,in Southeast Asia,gibbons live here.
在东南亚,长臂猿住在这里
A five-year-old female
一个五岁的女人
and her lifelong partner are on a mission.
她的终身伴侣正在执行一项任务
Every morning,they head out across their territory
每天早上,他们都会穿越自己的领地
to look for ripe fruit.
寻找成熟的水果
There is one kind of tree here that they need more than any other.
这里有一种树,他们比其他树都需要
The fig tree.
无花果树
These are the only plants in the entire forest that produce fruit
这些是整个森林里唯一能结果实的植物
all year round.
一年四季
Their flowers grow in dense clusters
他们的花丛生
inside undeveloped figs,
在未发育的无花果里面,
but these have not yet been pollinated
但这些还没有授粉
and are not yet edible.
还不能食用
The gibbons will have to wait.
长臂猿们必须等待
To produce ripe fruit,the fig still needs two things
要生产成熟的水果,无花果还需要两样东西
a large dose of sunlight
大剂量的阳光
and some of the smallest creatures in the forest.
还有一些森林里最小的生物
Tiny fig wasps.
无花果小蜂
They're only 2mm long.
它们只有2毫米长
The figs have a unique partnership with these insects.
无花果与这些昆虫有着独特的伙伴关系
A female wasp has the space of just a single day
一只雌黄蜂只有一天的空间
when the fig will allow her to burrow into the undeveloped fruit.
无花果会让她钻到未发育的果实里
It's such a tight squeeze that her wings are ripped off.
挤得太紧了,她的翅膀都被扯下来了
But she's not going to use them again.
但她不会再使用它们了
Once inside,she makes her way to the tiny,
一进去,她就去了小旅馆,
tightly packed internal flowers.
内部花朵紧密排列
And,here within,she lays hundreds of eggs.
在这里,她下了几百个蛋
She then carefully unpacks fig pollen from her abdomen
然后她小心地从腹部取出无花果花粉
and with it fertilises the tiny flowers.
用它给小花施肥
When she's finished laying,
当她躺下后,
she dies
她死了
inside the unripe fig
在未成熟的无花果里面
alongside her eggs.
在她的蛋旁边
The sunlight now slowly ripens the figs
阳光使无花果慢慢成熟
and helps the young wasps inside to develop.
帮助里面的小蜂发育
After just five weeks,the eggs start to hatch.
仅仅过了五个星期,卵就开始孵化了
The first to emerge are the golden,wingless males.
首先出现的是金色的,没有翅膀的雄性
Things now become stranger than fiction.
现在事情变得比小说更奇怪了
These males start to mate with their unhatched sisters.
这些雄性开始与它们未孵化的姐妹交♥配♥
To reach them,they use a telescopic penis
为了接近它们,它们使用伸缩的阴♥茎♥
that's twice their body length.
是他们身体长度的两倍
While their now-pregnant sisters are beginning to hatch,
当她们怀孕的姐妹开始孵化的时候,
the males themselves burrow their way to the outside world.
雄性动物自己钻洞到外面的世界
The brothers' final act is a chivalrous one.
兄弟俩的最后一幕是侠义
They sacrifice themselves to marauding ants.
他们牺牲自己去掠夺蚂蚁
They're serving as decoys
他们在充当诱饵
so their sisters can take to the skies.
这样她们的姐妹就能飞上天了
The young females,loaded with pollen,live for just 48 hours,
年轻的雌性,充满花粉,只能活48小时,
in which time they must find another fig tree at just the right stage
在这个时候,他们必须找到另一棵无花果树在适当的阶段
into which they themselves can burrow,as their mothers did.
它们自己也能钻进去,就像它们的母亲一样
With the sun's helping hand,the figs are now ready to eat.
在太阳的帮助下,无花果现在可以吃了
The gibbons know all the fig trees in their territory.
长臂猿知道他们领土上所有的无花果树
And each day they travel up to two miles
每天它们的行程可达两英里
to find one with fruit that's ready to eat.
找一个有水果可以吃的
Ripe figs at last
终于成熟了
a major part of their diet and available the year round.
他们饮食的主要部分,一年四季都有
Thousands of animals rely on fig trees.
成千上万的动物依赖无花果树
This abundance is only possible in a world without seasons
只有在一个没有季节的世界里,这种丰富才有可能
and constant daily sunlight.
每天持续的阳光
But this 12-hour cycle of light and darkness
但是这12个小时的光与暗的循环
only happens close to the equator.
只发生在赤道附近
Elsewhere,the amount of sunlight fluctuates across the year.
在其他地方,日照量全年波动
That is because the Earth does not spin in an upright way.
那是因为地球并不是以垂直的方式自转
Its axis is on a tilt.
它的轴是倾斜的
23.5 degrees.
23.5度
So as the Earth makes its annual orbit around the Sun,
所以当地球每年绕太阳运行时,
keep your eye on the North Pole.
注意北极
For the first half of the year,it's angled away from the Sun,
今年上半年,它远离太阳,
bringing darkness and winter to the northern hemisphere.
给北半球带来黑暗和冬天
For the second part of the year,
今年下半年,
the North Pole swings towards the Sun,bringing summer.
北极向着太阳摆动,带来了夏天
The Earth's tilt gives us the seasons.
地球的倾斜给了我们季节
And life has adapted
生活已经适应了
to deal with even the most extreme changes in light.
即使是最极端的光照变化
The High Arctic.
北极高地
After six months of being angled towards the Sun,
经过六个月的斜着太阳,
it begins six months of freezing darkness.
它开始了六个月的寒冷黑暗
This is Ellesmere Island,
这是埃尔斯米尔岛,
the closest land to the North Pole.
离北极最近的陆地
It's winter,and for the last four,long months,
现在是冬天,在过去漫长的四个月里,
the only light here has come from the Moon.
这里唯一的光来自月球
Few creatures can survive this sustained darkness.
很少有生物能在持续的黑暗中生存
They have become specialists in living for months without sunlight.
他们成了在没有阳光的情况下生活数月的专家
Muskox.
麝香
Remnants of the last Ice Age.
最后一个冰河时代的遗迹
Having grazed all summer,they've built up fat reserves
整个夏天都在吃草,它们已经积累了脂肪储备
that will enable them to survive the brutal cold of winter.
这将使他们能够在严冬中生存
And this makes them a prime target for other sub-zero specialists.
这使得他们成为其他零下专家的主要目标
Arctic wolves.
北极狼
The Moon provides just enough light for them to see.
月球为他们提供了足够的光线
This alpha female leads the hunt.
这只阿尔法雌鲸负责狩猎
Target in sight.
瞄准目标
If her pack is to survive,they need to make a large kill
如果她的团队要生存下去,他们就得大举杀戮
at least once every three weeks.
至少每三周一次
The alpha female signals the start of the attack.
雌性阿尔法犬发出攻击开始的信♥号♥♥
They run at the muskox and the herd panics.
他们向麝牛跑去,牛群惊慌失措
The muskox close ranks.
麝香犬排得很近
The wolves look for weakness.
狼群寻找弱点
Charging risks isolation from the crowd.
充电有脱离人群的危险
And that is just what the wolf pack wants.
这正是狼群想要的
The wolves can sense victory.
狼能感觉到胜利
But the herd comes to the rescue.
但牛群来拯救
And,once again,they close ranks.
他们又一次团结一致
Most winter hunts end in failure for the wolves.
大多数冬季狩猎都以失败告终
As the long polar nights drag on,
在漫长的极地之夜,
the hungry wolves turn to their only other source of food
饥饿的狼转向他们唯一的食物来源
arctic hares.
北极野兔