完美星球（2021）

River otters.
河獭
They need a constant supply of food if they're to keep warm
如果他们想保暖,就需要源源不断的食物
in these freezing temperatures.
在这么冷的温度下
And this close-knit family know exactly where to find it.
这个关系密切的家庭知道在哪里能找到它
The springs are so hot that the rivers never freeze,
泉水如此之热,河流从不结冰,
even in the coldest winters.
即使在最冷的冬天
So the otter family can fish the year round.
所以水獭一家一年四季都可以捕鱼
Trouble.
麻烦
This coyote knows that in the middle of winter,
这只土狼知道在隆冬的时候,
a thermal river means otters,
热河意味着水獭,
and otters mean fish.
水獭是指鱼
The question is how to steal their catch.
问题是如何偷他们的猎物
Perhaps the thing to do is to pretend you're not interested
也许该做的就是假装你不感兴趣
and hope that they wander close enough for a snatch-and-run raid.
希望他们能走得足够近,以便抓捕逃跑
It seems the cool-under-fire otters
看起来火下的水獭很酷
can outwit the not-so-wily coyote.
能胜过不那么狡猾的郊狼
Many animals benefit from the volcanic heat
许多动物受益于火山热
coming up from below.
从下面上来
And we do as well,but not nearly as much as we could.
我们也做得很好,但还没有尽力
The volcanic heat could provide us
火山热可以为我们提供
with much of the energy that we need,
我们需要很多能量,
and then we could stop burning gas and coal
然后我们就可以停止燃烧煤气和煤了
that is now changing the climate worldwide.
这正在改变全世界的气候
Deep in the Earth's crust,
在地壳深处,
below both the oceans and the continents,
在海洋和大♥陆♥下面,
there are lines of weakness along which rises liquid rock.
有软弱的线,沿着它上升的液体岩石
The Kamchatka Peninsula in the north-west Pacific
西北太平洋的堪察加半岛
lies along one of them.
躺在其中一个旁边
There are only a thousand known geysers in the world,
世界上已知的间歇泉只有一千个,
and many of them are here in this isolated valley.
他们中的许多人就在这个与世隔绝的山谷里
Steam from superheated water fills the air.
空气中充满了过热水的蒸汽
But the danger from the scalding pools does little to deter
但是滚烫的水池带来的危险并没有阻止什么
Kamchatka's most famous residents.
堪察加半岛最著名的居民
In May,when the rest of Kamchatka is still covered by snow,
五月,当堪察加半岛的其他地区仍被积雪覆盖时,
this valley is free of it,
这个山谷没有它,
and bears,having just woken up from their winter sleep,know that.
熊,刚从冬眠中醒来,知道这一点
The grass is fertilised by mineral-rich water
这种草是用富含矿物质的水施肥的
spraying from the geysers.
从间歇泉喷出
Much-needed forage for a large male bear
大公熊急需的饲料
that hasn't eaten for several months.
好几个月没吃东西了
And he's not the only one.
他不是唯一一个
The bears haven't seen one another for seven months,
熊已经七个月没见面了,
since the start of winter.
从冬天开始
And it seems that right now,they would prefer to keep it that way.
现在看来,他们更愿意保持这种状态
Nothing should come between a bear and his first meal of the year.
熊和它一年中的第一顿饭之间不应该有任何隔阂
And in one place,Kamchatka's underground forces
在一个地方,堪察加半岛的地下力量
provide its bears with even more nutritious meals.
为它的熊提供更有营养的食物
Kurile Lake lies within the crater of an immense volcano
千岛湖位于一座巨大的火山口内
that long ago produced one of the greatest eruptions
那是很久以前最大的一次喷发
in the planet's history.
在这个星球的历史上
The lake is still circled by active vents
湖泊仍被活跃的喷口环绕
and mineral-rich ash from their regular eruptions
以及它们经常喷发的富含矿物质的火山灰
has made these waters particularly fertile.
使这些水域变得特别肥沃
Millions of salmon come here from the Pacific Ocean
数以百万计的鲑鱼来自太平洋
in order to spawn in these fertile waters,
为了在这些肥沃的水域产卵,
which will provide their newly hatched young with abundant food.
为刚孵出的幼崽提供充足的食物
So,grass soon ceases to be top of the menu for Kamchatka's bears.
因此,草很快就不再是堪察加熊的首选
By the time spring has turned to summer,
当春天变成夏天的时候,
Kurile Lake contains the most dense assembly of bears
千岛湖有最密集的熊群
to be found anywhere on Earth.
在地球上任何地方都能找到
All hungry for salmon.
都想吃鲑鱼
But this early in the season,the fish are still strong and swift.
但是在这个季节的早期,鱼仍然强壮而敏捷
Nothing seems to work.
似乎什么都没用
But one old bear knows that,right now,
但一只老熊知道,现在,
there is an easier meal to be had.
有一顿更容易吃的饭
He remembers that if he paddles out into the lake,
他记得如果他划到湖里,
away from the shoals of newly arrived salmon,
远离新来的鲑鱼群,
there's food that doesn't need chasing.
有些食物不需要追逐
Some of the first fish to arrive have died,
一些最先到达的鱼已经死了,
and their bodies can be easily collected
它们的尸体很容易被收集起来
from the bottom of the lake.
从湖底
Diving for them at leisure doesn't use many calories.
在休闲时为他们潜水不会消耗很多卡路里
And he can take his time.
他可以慢慢来
A couple of weeks later,
几周后,
the salmon are beginning to spawn and are less wary.
鲑鱼开始产卵了,也不那么警惕了
Now it's worth running.
现在值得一试
The fish are so abundant
鱼太多了
that there is plenty for all
所有人都有很多
even those with no previous experience.
即使是那些没有经验的人
There are now so many fish,
现在有那么多鱼,
it's difficult to know which one to chase.
很难知道该追哪一个
In a single day,a bear can consume 100,000 calories,
一只熊一天可以消耗1♥0♥0♥0♥0♥0卡路里,
50 times more than the average human being does.
是普通人的50倍
And one part is particularly delicious
其中一部分特别美味
caviar.
鱼子酱
80 calories in every mouthful.
每口80卡路里
By supporting huge concentrations of salmon,
通过支持大量的鲑鱼,
mineral ash from Kurile Lake's volcanoes
来自千岛湖火山的矿物灰
has made life surprisingly easy for these bears.
让这些熊的生活出奇的轻松
Our planet depends on minerals brought up by volcanoes
我们的星球依赖于火山带来的矿物质
from the Earth's molten core.
从地球熔化的核心
A single ash cloud can carry billions of tonnes of minerals.
一片火山灰云可以携带数十亿吨♥的矿物质
And as a consequence,the lands surrounding volcanoes
因此,火山周围的土地
are among the world's most fertile.
是世界上最肥沃的地区之一
Those in East Africa's Rift Valley
东非裂谷的那些
support the most dynamic ecosystem on Earth.
支持地球上最具活力的生态系统
The Serengeti.
塞伦盖蒂
This is the most productive of all natural grasslands anywhere.
这是世界上所有天然草地中产量最高的
Every year,over a million wildebeest
每年,超过一百万只角马
assemble in this particular corner of the Serengeti
在塞伦盖蒂的这个角落集♥合♥
to feed on grass especially rich in calcium and phosphorus,
以富含钙和磷的草为食,
essential minerals for the pregnant females.
孕妇必需的矿物质
In just three weeks,half a million calves are born
仅仅三周,就有50万头小牛出生
on these ash-rich plains.
在这些火山灰丰富的平原上
That's 24,000 a day
一天两万四千
a thousand an hour.
一千个小时
Calves stand up within a few minutes of being born.
小牛出生后几分钟就站起来了
Though some need a little more time to find their feet.
尽管有些人需要更多的时间来站稳脚跟
But a mother won't let her calf suckle
但是妈妈不会让她的小牛吃奶的
until it's mastered a few physical skills
直到掌握了一些身体技能
walking
行走
trotting
小跑
and running.
还有跑步
Wildebeest calves must run if they're to stay alive.
牛羚幼崽要想活下去就得跑
For these plains also support
对于这些平原也有支持
the greatest assembly of hunters on the planet.
地球上最大的猎人群体
Each species has its own special hunting technique.
每个物种都有自己独特的狩猎技术
But all have the same aim
但都有相同的目标
to make the most of this brief super-abundance of life.
充分利用这短暂而丰富的生命
Only one in ten wildebeest calves will survive to adulthood.
每十头角马犊牛中只有一头能活到成年
But that is enough to maintain the million-strong herd of wildebeest
但这足以维持百万只牛羚
AND the planet's highest density of predators.
以及地球上密度最高的食肉动物
Volcanoes fertilise the planet,
火山使地球肥沃,
but they're the source of something else so important
但它们是其他如此重要的东西的来源
that life could not have started without it.
没有它,生活就不会开始
The first carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere
地球大气中的第一个二氧化碳
was brought by volcanoes from deep in the Earth's crust.
是由地壳深处的火山带来的
And this gas is the foundation of life.
这种气体是生命的基础
Every plant needs it to grow,
每种植物都需要它来生长,
and absorbs it from the air.
从空气中吸收