野性南美洲（2000）

The snowline creeps back up the mountains.
美洲鹫等的..就是这一刻
This is what the condors have been waiting for.
冰雪退去, 露出在冬天死亡的动物尸体
As the snow retreats the casualties of winter are revealed
除了冷死或饿死的动物，还有美洲狮吃剩的猎物残骸
animals killed by cold or starvation and the remnants of puma kills.
美洲鹫是安地斯山的兀鹫
Condors are the vultures of the Andes.
它们有绝佳的视力
They have superb eyesight.
可以看到几英里外的食物
They can spot food from miles away
还能找到距离更远的死尸
and can locate even more distant carcasses
如果观察其他聚在一起的美洲鹫
by watching for other condors gathering.
灰狐也是食腐动物
The grey fox is a scavenger too.
活过冬季的动物都又瘦又饿
The winter's survivors are lean and hungry
为了抢食物吃，竞争非常激烈
and there's stiff competition for any chance of a meal.
吃死尸的先后顺序很严明
There's a well defined pecking order at carcasses.
狐狸可能会听同伴的命令
One fox may defer to another
但是它们都不敢跟美洲鹫抢
but neither of them can argue with a condor.
美洲鹫翼展有3公尺宽, 体重有15公斤
With a three metre wingspan and weighing up to fifteen kilos
是世界上最大的飞鸟
it's the world's largest flying bird.
狐狸根本比不上它
The fox simply can't compete.
美洲鹫是这场盛宴的主子
At this feast the condor is king.
隼也得在一旁耐心等待
Caracaras have to wait their turn too
或是捡食美洲鹫掉下来的碎屑
or make do with scraps that fall from the condors' table.
春天带来一群侯鸟
Spring brings a flood of migrants to take advantage
来此利用巴塔哥尼亚短暂的夏天，例如黄(qing)鹮
of the brief Patagonian summer like buff-necked ibis.
它们把握时间马上开始繁殖
They waste no time in starting to breed.
大鸊鷉在海岸过冬
Great grebes over-winter on the coast
但是一旦湖水化冰
but as soon as the lakes are free of ice
它们就会飞到内陆开始争夺地盘大战
they move inland and start fighting for territory.
赢家才有比较好的机会养儿育女
Only the winners will have a good chance of raising a family
落败的一方只好飞到高山上的湖泊
The losers are forced onto lakes higher in the mountains
那里的夏天就短多了
where the summer is that much shorter.
地盘对公原驼来说, 也是繁殖的关键
Territory is also the key to breeding for male guanacos.
公原驼把一群母原驼聚集在地盘上
They gather a group of females on their patch of ground
紧密的守着它们以防对手入侵
and guard them closely against rival males.
它必须随时守卫
He must always be on watch.
年轻公原驼一逮到机会就会突袭它的妻妾
Younger males will seize any opportunity to raid the harem.
筑巢的鸟很快就让芦苇丛热闹了起来
Soon the reedbeds are alive with nesting birds.
而有巢的地方，就会有偷蛋贼
And where there are nests there are nest thieves.
只要蛋一生下来, 狐狸就马上过来捡便宜
As soon as eggs are laid the fox is quick to take advantage.
它找到了斑胁草雁的巢
She's found the nest of an upland goose.
这对草雁只好重头再来
Now the birds will have to start all over again.
鸟儿没有能力阻止狐狸靠近它的巢
There's little a bird can do to drive a fox away from its nest.
不过公原驼的力量就大多了
But a male guanaco packs more of a punch.
它很快就有小宝宝要保护了
Soon there will be baby guanacos to defend
所以它不愿意冒任何风险
and he's not taking any chances.
公原驼到了这个时节防卫性非常强烈
Male guanacos are exceedingly territorial at this time of year
不管是谁都不能踏入它的地盘
and they won't tolerate intruders of any kind.
狐狸已经有一家子要养
The fox already has a family to feed.
远离有攻击性的原驼, 宝宝会比较安全
Her cubs will be safer away from the aggressive guanacos' territory
它把宝宝搬到另一个巢穴
so she moves them to another den.
一窝小狐狸可能多达5只
There can be as many as five cubs in a litter.
狐狸妈妈必须一只只搬到新巢穴
Their mother has to carry each individually to the new den
因此搬家会耗费许多体力
so moving house takes a lot of energy.
即使如此, 狐狸常会搬动宝宝好几次
Even so, foxes often move their cubs several times.
在一个巢穴待得越久
The longer a den is occupied
被美洲狮发现的机会就越大
the greater the chance a puma will find it.
狐狸宝宝还在吸妈妈的乳汁
The cubs are still dependent on their mother's milk
不过它们很快就要断奶改吃固体食物
but soon she'll be weaning them onto solid food.
它们得在冬天再次来临以前先学会照顾自己
By the time winter returns they'll have to look after themselves.
可以活上一年的小宝宝不多
Few of these cubs will live as long as a year.
想要活下去，要学的可多了
If they're to survive they have a lot to learn
只是这个夏天太短暂
and only a brief summer to learn it.
现在是巴塔哥尼亚的盛夏
High summer in Patagonia.
在大冰原的边缘地带
At the edge of the great ice-sheet
山脉上几乎看不到雪
the mountains are almost clear of snow.
在这个遥远的南方, 仲夏的白日很长
This far south midsummer days are long
偶而，天气也会暖和起来
and occasionally it can even be warm.
巴塔哥尼亚可说是气候宜人
Patagonia seems almost benign.
美洲狮大多在夜晚狩猎，但是夏季的夜晚很短
The puma hunts mostly at night but summer nights are short.
这个时节的食物可能比较多
There may be more food at this time of year
但是捕捉猎物的时间却少了
but there's less time for the puma to catch it.
黄昏时刻, 猫捉老鼠的死亡游戏开始了
At dusk, a deadly game of cat and mouse begins.
原驼迁移到山脊顶端
The guanacos move to the ridge tops.
它们在那里比较看得到觅食的美洲狮
From there they have a better chance of spotting a prowling puma.
但是在黑暗的掩护下
But under cover of darkness
偷袭的大猫，胜算比较大
the odds are stacked in the big cat's favour.
这一次美洲狮杀了一头成年原驼
This time the puma killed a full grown guanaco
不过最容易下手的是小原驼
but the most vulnerable are the young.
美洲狮不必等太久这一季的原驼宝宝就要诞生了
The cat won't have long to wait for the new season's baby guanacos.
生产全都集中在几天之内
All the births are concentrated over just a few days.
这样，虽然美洲狮的选择很多
That way the puma is spoilt for choice
但是它杀不了全部的小原驼
and it can't take all the young.
新生儿只要能尽快站起来奔跑
The sooner a new-born infant can stand
活过这个夏天的机会就比较大
and run, the better its chances of surviving the summer.
生产之后几天内母原驼就会发♥情♥
Within days of giving birth the female guanacos come on heat.
对公原驼来说, 这是辛苦保卫妻妾的报酬
For the males, this will be the payoff for all the hard work they've put into defending their harem.
但是它们还不能放松警戒
But they can't afford to relax their guard.
这是其他公原驼最想入侵的时候
This is when other males are most tempted to intrude.
它先是漠视对手
First, there's a stand off.
打斗非常危险
Fighting's dangerous so males
因此公原驼先摆出威吓的姿态
try to intimidate their opponents by posturing.
但这一次, 威胁还要有体力做后盾
But this time threat has to be backed by physical force.
原驼是重量级的强大动物
Guanacos are heavy, powerful animals
足以造成严重的咬伤
and they can inflict a vicious bite.
它们用脖子较劲避免被咬伤
This 'neck wrestling' is a way of avoiding being bitten.
打斗结束, 赢家拿走它的奖赏
The battle over the winner takes his reward.
只要它能赶走入侵者
So long as he can fend off intruders
当家的公原驼就能跟地盘上所有母原驼交♥配♥
the resident male will mate with all the females in his group
生下新的下一代
and sire a whole new generation.
虽然是仲夏时分
This may be midsummer but at any time
但是山脉随时出现残暴的突袭
the mountain can spring a cruel surprise.
在阳光普照的夏日里
On a sunny summer's day
猛烈的暴风雨会突然席卷而至
ferocious storms can strike out of the blue.
从群峰的后方远处
From behind its fringing peaks
冰盖扫起冰冻的强风吹向山下
the ice-cap hurls a frozen blast down the mountains.
这阵强风的时速可达1百英里
These sudden winds can reach a hundred miles an hour.
对这里的生物来说
For everything that lives here
突如其来的暴风是巴塔哥尼亚夏日的一部分
these sudden storms are part of the Patagonian summer.
几乎每天都会出现
They can strike almost daily.
即使风力非常强, 鷿鷉也照样捕鱼
Even in the strongest winds the grebes keep fishing.
所有鷿鷉都把雏鸟放在背上
All kinds of grebe carry their young on their back
但在巴塔哥尼亚这样却可以救命
but here in Patagonia it's a life saver.
雏鸟在幼儿时期
From their earliest days
就感受到安地斯山的狂暴
the chicks feel the brutal force of the Andes.
但是，这些鸟类是生存高手
But these birds are great survivors
只要它们能够捱过暴风雨
and if they can make it through the storms
这里就是个理想的家
this is an ideal home.
鷿鷉有时候会喂雏鸟吃羽毛
Sometimes grebes feed feathers to their chicks.
羽毛可以把鱼骨集中成一个小球
This may help bind the fish bones together
然后可以安全的把它吐出来
so they can be regurgitated safely as a pellet.
所有动物的幼儿都要快点长大
Young of all kinds have to grow fast
才有机会撑过即将到来的冬天
if they're to survive the coming winter.
小原驼在最后的夏日阳光中玩耍
The young guanacos build up their stamina
增强它们的体力
by playing in the last of the summer sun.
狐狸妈妈必须在几周的时间内
The mother fox has only a few more weeks
教会狐狸宝宝防身之道
to teach her cubs how to fend for themselves.
美洲狮的猎物腐尸是它们第一顿的红肉大餐
Carrion from a puma kill gives them their first taste of red meat.
然而肉是奢侈品
But meat is a luxury.
为了生存，它们得吃昆虫, 果实，树叶，甚至草
To survive they will have to eat insects fruit, leaves, even grass.
它们现在或许在玩耍
They may be playing now
但是几周以后它们就要自己动手狩猎
but in a few weeks they'll be hunting for real on their own.
只有应变能力最强的才能活过安地斯山的冬天