七个世界，一个星球（2019）

它们现在距离地面30米高了
They're 30 metres up.
如果猕猴妈妈冒险抢夺自己的孩子
If she tries to grab her baby and fails,
它的孩子很可能会摔死
he could fall to his death.
“绑匪”不愿认输
The kidnapper refuses to surrender him.
猕猴妈妈只能使出杀手锏
There's one last thing a mother can try,
为此
and to do it
它需要另一只猕猴的帮助
she needs to recruit another macaque.
现在猕猴妈妈开始在“绑匪”面前
Now the mother begins to groom her companion
为同伴梳毛
in full view of the kidnapper.
所有猕猴都乐意被同伴梳毛
All monkeys love to be groomed,
即使对方是地位低下的雌性也无所谓
even by a low-ranking female.
这种活动是猕猴社会和平相处的基础
It's the basis for peace in macaque society.
最终“绑匪”也禁不住诱惑 加入其中
Eventually, the urge to join in is just too strong.
绑♥架♥事件和平解决
The kidnap is over.
猕猴宝宝可以回到妈妈的怀抱中了
And the youngster can climb back into his mother's arms.
即使在城市的钢筋丛林中 我们也能发现小片的荒野
There are pockets of wilderness even in Europe's cities.
这是城市无尽扩张之下宝贵的绿洲
Green oases among the urban sprawl.
奥地利城市维也纳有2000多个公园 花♥园♥和墓地
Vienna, in Austria, has over 2,000 parks, gardens and cemeteries.
在这些灌木丛中 生活着一种奇特的小动物
And down in the undergrowth, a rather unusual resident.
这是原仓鼠
A European hamster.
野生的原仓鼠广泛分布在欧洲中部的草原上
Wild hamsters are found in grasslands throughout central Europe.
现在它们在城里 也能生活得有滋有味
Here, in the city, they're doing extremely well.
这只雄性背负着寻找食物的艰巨任务
This male is on a mission to find food,
一抹特殊的色彩吸引了它的目光
and he's set his sights on one thing in particular.
鲜花
Fresh flowers.
为了过冬 原仓鼠必须尽快积累脂肪
To survive the winter, hamsters must fatten up.
时间不容错过
So there's no time to waste.
唯一的问题是 这些鲜花在别家的地盘上
The only problem - these flowers are in someone else's patch.
墓地里的花束值得它们大战一场
Graveside bouquets are worth fighting for.
赢家将占据整片领土 以及这里的所有食物
The winner gets to keep the territory and all the food within it.
失败一方只有狼狈逃窜
The loser has to beat a hasty retreat.
但是新鲜花瓣的诱惑力实在太强了
But the lure of fresh petals is just too much.
启动备用方案
Plan B.
暗中行动
Stealth mode.
周围看上去风平浪静
The coast looks clear.
但最好不要冒险
But best not take any chances.
诀窍是在被逮到之前全身而退
The trick is to get in and out before you're caught.
现在 是甜点时间
And now...dessert.
烛瓶里面满是蜡油 热量很高
Candle wax - it's full of oil and high in calories.
仓鼠的颊囊内可以装下相当于体重四分之一的食物
A hamster's cheeks can hold a quarter of its body weight.
再来一口吧
Just one more mouthful.
哦 这下惨了
Oh, dear.
胖胖的脸颊卡在狭窄的瓶口了
Big cheeks and narrow bottlenecks -
真是尴尬啊
how very embarrassing.
任务完成
Mission accomplished.
尽管欧洲的景观发生了巨大的变化
Europe's landscape has changed dramatically,
但较为稳定的温带气候仍旧孕育了大量的野生动物
but its temperate climate is still good for wildlife.
这片大♥陆♥夏季温暖
The continent has warm summers...
冬季温和
...and mild winters.
这种气候得益于欧洲得天独厚的地理位置
These conditions are a consequence of its position on the globe...
以及墨西哥湾暖流
...and the influence of the Gulf Stream.
流经大西洋的暖流使沿途空气温度上升
This current of warm water in the Atlantic Ocean heats the air
这股温暖的空气随即涌向大♥陆♥
that then flows over the land.
年复一年 欧洲独特的气候
And every year, Europe's unique climate
为一种非同寻常的自然奇观的形成创造了条件
helps trigger an extraordinary natural event.
这里是匈牙利的蒂萨河
The Tisza River, in Hungary.
每年六月
For a few days in June,
当日照时间和河水温度恰到好处时
when day length and water temperature are just right...
一大群蜉蝣便出现
...the largest of all mayflies emerge.
三年来 这群蜉蝣在河床上觅食 不断成长
After three years of feeding and growing on the riverbed,
如今 雄性首先开始活动
the males appear first.
借助新翅膀 它们可以飞到河岸
With new wings, they can fly to the river bank
进行最后一次蜕皮
and there undergo a final moult.
现在这群雄性蜉蝣已经发育成熟
Now sexually mature,
它们的生命只有一个目的
they have just one purpose in life -
寻找异性
to find a female.
每只雄性蜉蝣的寿命只有三小时
Each male has only three hours to live.
现在雌性也浮出河面
And now the females begin to emerge on the surface of the river.
雄性在水面上来回盘旋 寻找自己的配偶
The males scour the water surface, searching for them...
雄性蜉蝣争先恐后地让雌性受精
...each desperate to be the one that fertilises her eggs.
每只雌性出现后 都会遭遇一番猛烈的追求
Every female is pounced on as soon as she appears.
每只雄性只剩下几分钟的生存时间
With only minutes left for each male to live,
竞争变得越来越激烈
the competition becomes increasingly urgent.
转眼之间 雄性的生命便走到尽头
And all too soon, the males' time is up.
雄性全部一命呜呼
All of them die.
但是雌性蜉蝣的旅程才刚刚开始
But the females' journey has only just begun.
现在它们已经完成交♥配♥
Now that they've mated,
开始飞向上游
they start to fly upstream
这段旅程长达5公里
and continue for as much as three miles.
在集中产卵的时间里
At the height of the hatch,
大约会有1000万只蜉蝣飞舞在水面上
there may be as many as ten million insects on the wing.
精疲力尽
Exhausted,
雌性纷纷坠落到水面上
the females now collapse and rain down onto the water's surface.
在撞击水面的一刹那 它们将释放出数千枚卵
And as they hit it, each releases thousands of eggs.
卵逐渐沉入水中
As the eggs slowly sink,
漂向下游
they drift downstream,
因此 每个受精卵抵达河床时
so that by the time each reaches the riverbed,
将回到父母出现的地点
it will be in exactly the same spot that its parents emerged.
蜉蝣首次出现后仅仅几个小时
Just hours after the first mayflies appeared,
这场生命的大爆发就结束了
this great eruption of life is over.
欧洲纵横交错的水道是野生动植物的避风港
Europe's extensive waterways are a haven for wildlife.
在罗马尼亚境内的黑海海边
One of the richest of its wetlands
就有一片生意盎然的湿地
lies on the edge of the Black Sea, in Romania.
多瑙河三角洲
The delta of the Danube River.
鸟儿们从遥远的非洲中部和亚洲
Migrating birds are drawn here from as far away as central Africa
一路来到这里
and Asia.
这是白鹈鹕
Great white pelicans.
每年夏天 全球四分之三的白鹈鹕种群
Every summer, three quarters of the world's population
会飞抵多瑙河三角洲
flock to the delta.
它们长途跋涉数千公里
They've flown thousands of miles to get here,
在这片富饶的地方度过整个夏天
and they will spend the summer feasting on the delta's riches.
为了找到最理想的捕鱼地点
To find the best fishing,
它们纷纷腾空而起
they take to the air.
白鹈鹕在1000米高的空中
From half a mile up,
搜索方圆300多公里的
they search the entire delta,
整片三角洲
200 miles across.
它们从这个高度看不到水中的鱼儿
They can't see individual fish from this height,
只能关注下方的其它鸟类 看看它们是否得手
so instead they look for others below that have already done so.
这是鸬鹚
Cormorants.
鸬鹚一头扎向水中 寻找着规模最大的鱼群
They are diving deep to reach the biggest shoals,
并把它们赶至水面
flushing them to the surface.
几只白鹈鹕从天而降
A couple of pelicans land...
其它白鹈鹕蜂拥而至
...and others soon home in on them.
白鹈鹕不直接参加这场捕鱼盛宴
The pelicans don't join the feast directly.
它们只是打劫赴宴者
They mug the diners.
比起单纯捕鱼 这种蛮横的战术能够确保白鹈鹕们
This brutal tactic enables each pelican to catch many more fish,
快速获得更多的鱼
more quickly than it would do if it worked by itself.
当鱼群一哄而散
Once the shoals of fish have been plundered and dispersed,
鸬鹚们便会离场
the cormorants make their escape.
这群盗贼一般的白鹈鹕也重新起飞 寻找下一顿美餐
And the pelican pirates fly off in search of their next meal.
水以另一种方式塑造了欧洲的景观
Water has shaped Europe's landscape in another way.
欧洲大♥陆♥的山脉之间隐藏着另一种野生动物的家园
There is a vast wilderness lying within the rocks of the continent.
那就是洞穴
Caves.
仅在斯洛文尼亚的喀斯特地区 人们就发现了12000多处洞穴
Over 12,000 have been discovered in Slovenia's Karst region alone.
在数百万年的时间里 每一处洞穴在滴水的侵蚀下
Each has been eroded by water over millions of years...
形状逐渐发生了变化
...and shaped drip...by drip.
最大的洞穴长25公里
The largest cavern is over 15 miles long,
此外 尚待发现的洞穴还有不少
and there are certainly many more still to be discovered.
这里生活着一些极其特别的动物
Down here live some of the most specialised animals on the planet.
每年 人们都会在欧洲的洞穴中发现许多新物种
New species of them are discovered in Europe's caves every year.