宏观世界（2017）

一个奇怪的生物正在蠕动
a strange creature is stirring
这是一种著名甲虫的幼虫
this is the larva of a famed beetle
它看起来一点也不像它的父母
it looks nothing like its parents
对于未成年的幼虫来说
and to the untrained eye
没有任何线索表明它将变成什么动物
there's no clue to the animal it will become
幼虫可以在地下生活长达6年
the larva lives underground for up to 6 years
以腐烂的木头为食 积累脂肪储备
feeding on decaying wood and building up fat reserves
绝缘的地表提供了一个完美的家
the insulated earth provides a perfect home
尤其是在寒冷的冬天
especially in the cold winter
作为幼虫生长大约5年之后
after about 5 years of growth as a larva
它在土壤中挖出一个地下室 然后
it digs out an underground chamber in the soil to begin
戏剧性的转变开始了
a dramatic transformation
初秋时节 幼虫准备化蛹
with the early autumn this larva prepares to pupate
这是它蜕变的最后阶段
the final stage of its metamorphosis
颌骨的结构显露了令人印象深刻的轮廓
the jaw structures revealing the impressive adult
它将成为
it will become
一只鹿角虫
a stag beetle
秋天给树叶涂上了丰富的色彩
autumn paints the leaves in a rich pallet of colors
森林里的果实成熟了
the fruits of the forest ripen
被一只松鸦藏在了
only to be hidden by a j
在它的冬季食品库里
in his winter larder
睡鼠寻找山毛榉坚果
the dormos forages for beach nuts
积累脂肪储备为度过漫长的冬天
life saving fat reserves for the long wintersley
雾的舞蹈
fog dances
覆盖着森林
blanketing the woods
让山谷笼罩在
leaving the valley
薄雾之中
cloaked with mist
草原番红花和秋番红花出现了
the meadow saffron or autumn crocus emerges
罕见的鲜艳色彩
a rare splash of vibrant color
随着天气越来越冷 越来越潮湿
as the weather grows colder and wetter
大黄蜂开始回家了
the hornets embark on some home
在临冬之前对它们的巢穴进行改进
improvements to their nest ahead of winter
减小前门的尺寸
reducing the size
以防止热量损失
of their front door to prevent heat loss
但是它们注定要失败
but they're doomed
不像它们的近亲蜜蜂
unlike their cousins the honey bees
它们的巢穴都没设计好
neither their colony
没有用来储存物资的空间
nor their nest are designed to stockpile supplies
它们在寒冷的冬天无法保持温暖
and keep them warm during the cold winter months
巢穴中活跃的工蜂明显减少
in the nest significantly fewer workers are now active
但还有一项可怕的工作要做
but there's still a gruesome job to do
它们把活幼虫从蜂巢里拖出来
they drag live larvae from their cells
然后把它们扔到外面
and dump them outside the nest
等死
to die
它们不再需要新的工人了
they no longer need new workers
幼虫墓地在外面♥积♥累
outside the larvals cemetery grows
它们甚至不再喂蚁后了
they've even stopped feeding their queen
在这个巢穴诞生之后
after giving birth to this colony
她饿死了 离开了自己的王国
she's starved out of her own kingdom and dies
只活了一年
after only a year of life
少数幸运的幼虫仍能得到食物
a lucky few larvaes still receive food
它们是巢穴里仅存的动物
they are the only ones left in the colony
谁有机会活下来
who have a chance to survive
就有可能成为明年的女王
as next year's Queens
就像大黄蜂改造房♥子一样
as the hornets clean house
瓢虫也准备迎接严寒
ladybugs prepare for the big chill
它连个巢都没有
with no nest to speak of
它们需要另一种方式来抵御冬天的寒冷
they need another way to survive the winter cold
它们寻找避难所
they hunt for shelter
跟随聚集信息素到达角落和缝隙
following aggregation pheromones to nooks and crannies
巨石和墙裂缝之间
between boulders and war cracks
在热门景点 它们经常聚集在一起
in popular spots they often gather in the hundreds
这有助于减少脱水
this helps reduce dehydration
它们是神奇的生物之一
they are one of the amazing creatures
能够生产一种防冻剂
capable of producing a type of anti freeze
这使它们能够应对
which allows them
温度低至
to cope with temperatures as low as
零下十摄氏度
10 degrees Celsius
它们是安全的
and they are secure
在其体内装有防冻泵的壁龛
niches with anti freeze pump through their bodies
它们将停止进食
they will cease to eat
然后进入一种假死状态
and enter a type of suspended animation
它们会在这里呆上几个月
they'll stay here for months
不冒险外出觅食
not venturing outside to forage
即使在温暖的冬天
even on warmer winter days
随着秋天的发展
as fall progresses
鹤是众多南下鸟类中的一种
cranes are among the many species of birds flying south
那些地方更容易找到食物
where food is easier to find
在北方 秋天几乎什么花都不开放
in northern climates barely anything blooms in fall
除了常春藤
except the Ivy
是谁绽开了它谦逊的花朵
which unfurls its modest blossoms
蝴蝶和蜜蜂
butterflies and bees
黄蜂和食蚜蝇成群结队地来到这里
wasps and hoverflies arrive in droves
被最后一个
attracted by the last
在寒冬来临之前的食物来源吸引
food source before winter tightens its icy grip
红色蝴蝶用花蜜来补充能量储备
the red admiral tops up its energy reserves on nectar
准备好史诗般的长途飞行
ready for an epic long hall flight
这是冬天前最后的几只蝴蝶之一
it's one of the last butterflies seen before winter
就像候鸟一样
and just like migratory birds
它为了离开寒冷的季节飞向南方
it flies south for the cold season
离开中欧 行进了令人难以置信的1000公里迁徙
leaving central Europe to travel in incredible 1,000km
它们跨越了500米的高山隘口
they cross alpine passes over 500m eye
在无霜冻的大地 欧洲的南部
to start a new generation of admirals in the frost free
开创新一代
climbs of southern Europe
当它们往南走的时候
while they're heading south
土拨鼠有时会撤退到精心设计的地方
groundhogs retreat into sometimes elaborate
温暖的巢室
padded nest chambers
冬眠到春天
to hibernate until spring
阿尔卑斯山以北
north of the Alps
秋天还有一些黄金的日子等着我们
autumn still has some golden days in store
葡萄园的光芒
vineyards glow
秋天的阳光使这一季最后的葡萄成熟
and the fall sun ripens the final grapes of the season
这对最后幸存的大黄蜂来说是不可抗拒的
which prove irresistible to the last surviving hornets
发酵的葡萄提供了一场醉醺醺的告别盛宴
the fermenting grapes provide a drunken farewell feast
在它们生命最后的日子里
for their final days of life
只有出现新的年轻女王
only the new young Queens that have emerged
才有机会熬过冬天
have any chance of surviving the winter
像许多昆虫一样 它们躲在地下深处
like many insects they take shelter deep underground
在那里它们被地表的绝缘层保护着
without protected by the insulation of the earth
这里也有新生命的希望
there's the promise of new life here too
一窝小小的
a clutch
蠼螋蛋 位于地下土壤中
of tiny earwig eggs lies in an underground incubator
这是蜈蚣的一顿美味大餐
a tasty meal for an earth runner
一个掠夺者
a predatory centipede
但蠼螋蛋的母亲是来保护它们的
but the mother of the ex is here to protect them
蠼螋是一位尽职尽责的母亲
the earwig is a dedicated mother
在昆虫世界里是罕见的
a rarity in the insect world
一旦被任何擅闯者激怒
agitated by any trespassers
它将展开它的钳子准备保护它的孩子
she spreads her binzer ready to defend her offspring
入侵者撤退
the intruder retreats
一个蠼螋窝可以容纳70个蛋
an earweight clutch holds up to 70 eggs
每个蛋都不到1.5毫米长
everyone barely one and 1/2 millimeters long
比火柴头还小
smaller than the head of a matchstick
母亲不断
the mother constantly
用它的嘴清理蛋
brushes the eggs with her mouth parts
清洗掉泥土 保持外层潮湿
cleaning off molds and keeping the clutch damp
所以蛋不会在冬天的空气中变干
so it doesn't dry out in the winter air
对昆虫来说不同寻常
unusual for an insect
在整个寒冷的季节 它都会照顾它的孩子
she'll care for her clutch throughout the cold season
在林地 叶绿素水平下降
in woodlands falling levels of