了解宇宙是如何运行的（2010）

How the Universe Works S10E06

Part 1 Aug. 5, 2022, 5:05 p.m.

旅行者号♥
Voyager,
历史上最雄心勃勃的太空任务
the most ambitious
space mission in history.
两个旅行者号♥宇宙飞船具有里程碑的意义
The two Voyager spacecraft
are iconic.
里程碑
Iconic.
里程碑
Iconic.
它们是第一批真正地探索了太阳系中一半行星的探测器
They're the first probes to
truly explore half the planets
in our solar system.
木星，土星，天王星和海王星
Jupiter, Saturn,
Uranus and Neptune.
这些行星从天空中的光点，变成了
These went from dots of light
in the sky,
真实的世界
to real worlds.
旅行者号♥的任务已经超出了其他探测器所探索的范围
The Voyager missions have
ventured far beyond where other
probes have explored.
他们是最遥远的使者
They are the most distant
emissary, representatives
人类的代表
of the human species.
他们是第一个体验星际空间的宇宙飞船
They're the first spacecraft
to taste interstellar space.
比以往任何人造宇宙飞船，探索地都要更深入
Exploring furthe
than any humanmade spacecraf
has gone before.
宇宙是如何运行的
第十季第5集旅行者号♥的终极之旅
这是旅行者1号♥和2号♥星际飞船的日志
These are
the logs of starships,
Voyager 1 and 2.
他们已经越过了最后的边界
They have crossed
the final frontier
进入了星际空间
and are now
in interstellar space.
大约十年前
Almost a decade ago,
旅行者1号♥实现了以前从未实现过的事情
Voyager 1 achieved
something that had never
been achieved before.
它离开了太阳系
It left our solar system.
当旅行者号♥进入星际空间时
When Voyager crossed
into interstellar space,
人类成为了星际物种
humans became
an interstellar species.
在距离地球140亿英里(约225亿公里)的地方
14 billion miles
from Earth,
它们以光速传播的无线电♥信♥♥号♥♥
their radio signals travelin
at the speed of light
仍然需要21个小时才能到达地球
still take 21 hours
to reach us.
旅行者号♥是如此遥远
The Voyagers are so far t
以至于当它们回头看太阳时，它只是一个针尖的光
that when they look back
towards the sun,
it's just a pinprick of light.
它们需要一个非常强大的望远镜
And they would need
an exceptionally
powerful telescope
才能看到地球
just to see the Earth.
它们原本只有四年的任务已经延长到44年
Their original
four-year mission has been
extended to 44,
而且还在增加
and counting.
从它们目前遥远的视角
From their current
distant vantage point,
它们回顾了它们所发现的奇怪的新世界
they look back
on strange new worlds
和勇敢的新科学精神
and bold new science
they've discovered.
1977年8月20日
August 20th, 1977.
[男播音员]点火成功
[man] We have ignition,
我们成功发射了
and we have liftoff.
当旅行者1号♥的孪生兄弟旅行者2号♥在两周后发射升空后
The mission begin
when Voyager 2 blasts of
任务才真正地开始了
Followed two weeks later
by its twin, Voyager 1,
旅行者2号♥走的路线更短更快
which will take a shorter
and faster route.
他们的第一个目的地,木星
Their destination, Jupiter.
然后是土星
And then, Saturn.
当任务真的准备好进入发射台的时候
When the time comes
that that mission is actually
ready to go to the launchpad,
这是一个有趣的
it's a funny mixture of joy
苦乐参半混合体
and bittersweet loss.
[女士]它们变得像你的孩子
[woman] They become like
your children.
这次发射就像一个婴儿的诞生
And that launch is like
the birth of a baby.
我站在那里，看着它爬上天空
I was standing there,
watching it climb up
into the sky.
我们欢呼，我们很高兴
We were cheering,
we were so happy.
“旅行者”号♥已经上路了
Voyager was on its way.
虽然它们原本只是为了探索两个气体巨行星
Though funded
to just explore
the two gas giants,
但任务规划者心中有一个更大的旅程
mission planners have a muc
bigger journey in mind.
让旅行者号♥宇宙飞船
To send the Voyager spacec
进行一次太阳系的大旅行
on a grand tour of
the solar system.
最外层的行星
To the outermost planets,
天王星和海王星
Uranus and Neptune,
这些行星从未被探索过
worlds that have
never been explored.
要访问每一颗行星
To visit each planet,
探测器必须遵守严格的时间表
the probes must stick
to a strict schedule,
只能快速掠过每一颗行星
with only a quick flyby
of each world.
一旦到达木星
Once reaching Jupiter,
他们必须利用每一秒钟来完成对这颗行星及其最大卫星的
they must use every second
to complete close-up studie
of the planet
近距离研究
and its largest moons.
飞越木星对于宇宙飞船来说，最大的挑战之一是
One of the biggest challenges
with flyby spacecraft is
它可能需要数年才能到达那里
it may have taken years
to get there,
但你接近行星的实际时间
but the actual time that
you're close to the planet
非常短
is remarkably short.
木星特写数据
The Jupiter close-up data
仅在三天内就完成了
occurred during just
three days.
1979年2月
February 1979,
旅行者1号♥开始向地球发回照片
Voyager 1 begins beaming
pictures back to Earth.
这是一种焦虑的等待
It's an anxious wait.
[库柏]这是预处理数据
[Cooper] This is pre interne
所以，当你看输入的数据时
And so, when you look at
the data coming in,
它是逐行与逐像素的
it's coming in line by line,
pixel by pixel.
这是一个令人兴奋的时刻，以至于不知道什么时候该睡觉了
It was such an exciting time
it was hard to know
when to sleep.
我把睡袋带进办公室
I brought my sleeping bag
into my office
这样我就不会错过任何精彩的画面
so I wouldn't miss
a single exciting picture.
两艘旅行者号♥都展示了一个令人难以置信的动态世界
Both Voyagers
reveal an unbelievably
dynamic world.
科学家们能够拍摄木星的一系列图像
Scientists were able to take
a sequence of images
of Jupiter
他们可以把它们像一本翻页书一样放在一起以获得运动的感觉
that they could put together
like a flipbook to get a sense
of motion.
这真是令人震惊
And it was just astounding.
现在我们可以看到木星大气层内的物质
Now we can see things
moving within the atmospher
of Jupiter
以一种我们以前没有意识到的方式运动
in a way that we had
no sense of before.
这艘宇宙飞船总共为这颗气体巨星拍摄了33000多张照片
Together, the
spacecraft take over 33,000
images of the gas giant.
这些图片重塑了我们对木星的认识
These pictures reshape
our understanding of Jupiter
尤其是它最大的卫星
Especially its largest moons
木卫三(盖尼米得)
Ganymede,
木卫四(卡里斯托)
Callisto,
木卫二(欧罗巴)
Europa,
和木卫一(伊奥)
and Io.
我们在上面看到了各种各样的风景
We saw all sorts of different