宇宙时空之旅：未知世界（2020）

Cosmos: Possible Worlds S01E06

Part 5 Aug. 24, 2022, 10:55 a.m.

成为超新星，然后坍塌进入这个中子球，
went supernova, then collapsed into this ball of neutrons,
不超过一个小镇
no larger than a small town.
在附近的同伴，一颗白矮星，
It's nearby companion, a white dwarf star,
另一个枯萎的恒星尸体，
another burnt-out stellar corpse,
绕行仅几百万英里
orbits only a few million miles away.
这就是为什么我们来这里
That's not why we've come here.
我们一直在寻找宇宙中最古老的行星
We've come in search of the oldest known planet in the cosmos.
当这颗星时，宇宙还很年轻，
The cosmos was young when this star,
一个白矮星诞生于127亿年前
a white dwarf, was born, 12.7 billion years ago.
那颗星星当时很早就被捕获了
The star was single then, long before it was captured
由产生世界的脉冲星产生
by the pulsar that gave birth to a world.
那个世界在这里某个地方，
That world is out here somewhere,
花了100个地球年才能使这两个缩小的恒星运行
taking 100 Earth years to orbit these two shrunken stars.
它的存在对那些梦想着的人来说是个好兆头
The fact that it exists bodes well for those who dream of
几乎无限的可能世界
virtually infinite possible worlds.
如果它是在宇宙本身之后不到十亿年形成的，
If it formed less than a billion years after the cosmos itself,
然后星星很快就开始培育行星
then stars started fostering planets soon after
刚开始的时候
the beginning of time.
养育世界是明星的职责
Nurturing worlds is what stars do.
那么，这颗最古老的行星的命运将如何？
And what will the fate of this oldest of planets be?
抱歉地说，这是一个孤独的人
Sorry to say, it's a lonely one.
在未来十亿年的某个时候，
Sometime in the next billion years,
两颗星将在重力作用下被三分之一伏击
the two stars will be gravitationally ambushed by a third.
一颗红矮星将冲入附近
A red dwarf star will come barreling into their vicinity.
正是重力将这个古老的世界从
It's gravity will send this ancient world careening out of
它的系统和进入星空之间的寂寞黑暗
its system and into the lonely dark between the stars.
一个流氓星球注定要流连忘返
A rogue planet doomed to wander a never-ending oblivion.
但也有离家在外的人呼唤我们，
But there are also homes away from home that call to us,
温暖地照耀着一颗星星，
illuminated in warmth not by one star,
但是三个
but three.
我想带你去格利瑟667
I want to take you to Gliese 667,
具有六个世界的三星级系统，
a triple-star system with six worlds,
他们中的三个像地球一样足以履行我们所知道的生命诺言
three of them enough like earth to hold the promise of life as we know it.
恒星A和B都比太阳小
Stars A and B are both a little smaller than our Sun.
这对橙色小矮人彼此环绕
This pair of orange dwarfs orbit each other.
恒星C绕着它们运行，这是一个红矮星
Star C orbits them both, it's a red dwarf.
它们是银河系中最常见的恒星
They're the most common kind of star in the galaxy.
宇宙中多达80％的恒星
As many as 80% of all the stars in the cosmos may
是红矮星
be red dwarfs.
他们慢慢消耗氢燃料，
They consume their hydrogen fuel slowly,
所以它们持续时间更长
so they last longer.
更大的恒星，例如蓝色巨人，
More massive stars, like blue giants,
维持如此之高的压力，以至于它们很快就会耗尽
maintain such high pressures that they burn out quickly.
Gliese 667系统的最外面的世界是
This outermost world of the Gliese 667 system is
地球大小的四倍，但距离地球太远
four times the size of earth, but it's too far from
它的恒星表面有液态水
its stars to have liquid water on its surface.
这并不意味着它毫无生气
That doesn't mean it's lifeless.
我们对生命还不够了解
We don't yet know enough about life to say what
可能正在冰冻的外壳下面
might be going on beneath its frozen shell.
我们尚未到达宜居地区
We haven't yet reached the habitable zone of
这个星系
this star system.
越来越近，但还没有到那儿，
Getting closer, but not there yet,
这个更大的世界令人印象深刻，
this even larger world is impressive,
但仍在该区域之外
but still just outside that region considered to be
热情好客的生活和人类的科学想象力
hospitable to life and to the human scientific imagination.
现在，它更像它
Now, this is more like it.
充满生命气息的气氛就在这里
The kind of atmosphere that promises life is here.
这不是遥远的世界的东西，
This isn't the stuff of distant worlds,
这个小家伙是我们自己的一个
this little guy is one of our own.
我们刚才看到的所有其他生命形式实际上都是自种的，
All the other life-forms we've just seen were actually homegrown,
就在地球上
right here on Earth.
我们甚至还没有开始了解所有
We haven't even begun to get to know all the
在这个小小的世界上生活
living things on this tiny world.
想想所有的可能性，
Think of all the possibilities,
一定有不同的生活，
the different kinds of life there must have been,
并将继续存在于宇宙中
and are, and will be in the cosmos.
感谢Gerard Kuiper，
Thanks to Gerard Kuiper,
Harold Urey和其他许多科学家，
Harold Urey and so many other scientists,
我们现在知道，恒星演化只需要几百万年，
we now know that it takes just a few million years for stars to evolve,
行星和卫星从气体和尘埃中聚结
and planets and moons to coalesce out of gas and dust.
换句话说，是太阳系
In other words, a solar system.
这是很长的妊娠期，
It's a long period of gestation,
但绝非罕见
but far from rare.
在我们自己的星系中，它大约每月发生一次
In our own galaxy, it happens about once every month.
在可观察的宇宙中
In the observable universe,
我们现在认为其中包含多达
which we now think contains as many as
一万亿个星系，其中包含一些
a trillion galaxies, containing some
2亿亿颗恒星，
200 million trillion stars,
一个2亿亿亿颗恒星的宇宙，
a cosmos of 200 million trillion stars,
每秒钟可能形成1,000个太阳能系统
1,000 solar systems may be forming every single second.
那就是那里的1,000个新的太阳能系统
That's 1,000 new solar systems right there.
1,000个新的太阳能系统
1,000 new solar systems.
1,000个新的太阳能系统
1,000 new solar systems.
1,000个新的太阳能系统
1,000 new solar systems.
1,000个新的太阳能系统
1,000 new solar systems.
1,000个新的太阳能系统
1,000 new solar systems.
1,000个新的太阳能系统
1,000 new solar systems.