宇宙（2021）

答案是光来自宇宙本身，
The answer is the light is coming from the universe itself,
因为这只是大爆♥炸♥之后的几十万年，
because this is only a few hundred thousand years after the Big Bang,
所以宇宙是热的。
so the universe was hot.
所以你在这里看到的是大爆♥炸♥的余辉。
So what you're seeing here is the afterglow of the Big Bang.
这张照片最能说明问题的地方
The most revealing thing about this picture
是细节。
is the detail.
变异。
The variation.
这种模式是最重要的发现之一
This pattern is one of the most important discoveries
在整个人类历史中，因为它代表了一个
in all of human history, because it represents one
我们如何来到这里的故事中的必要步骤。
of the necessary steps in the story of how we came to be here.
看，那仍然是推动快速扩张的能量海洋
See, that's still ocean of energy that drove the rapid expansion
膨胀期间的空间，不可能完全是恒星。
of space during inflation, could not be entirely stellar.
海里一定有涟漪。
There had to be ripples in the ocean.
正如我们所理解的，这是自然规律的结果。
It's a consequence of the laws of nature, as we understand them.
那些海洋中的涟漪印刻在我们的宇宙中
And those ripples in the ocean were imprinted into our universe
通过大爆♥炸♥，并出现在那些略有不同的领域
through the Big Bang, and emerged as those areas of slightly different
年轻宇宙的密度。
density in the young universe.
然后随着宇宙继续膨胀和冷却，这些区域
And then as the universe continued to expand and cool, the regions
密度稍大的塌陷形成第一个
that were slightly denser collapsed to form the first
恒星和星系。
stars and galaxies.
所以没有这些涟漪，我们就不会存在。
So without those ripples, we would not exist.
但这些涟漪还有一件更不寻常的事情。
But there's one more extraordinary thing about these ripples.
这就是我们预测它们的事实
And that's the fact that we predicted them
在我们知道它们存在之前。
before we knew they existed.
然后我们冒险进入太空来测试我们的理论。
And then we ventured into space to test our theory.
普朗克的观察
Planck's observation of the
大爆♥炸♥的余辉是有力的证据
afterglow of the Big Bang is strong evidence
对于我们古怪的创造传奇，
for our outlandish creation saga,
斑点的故事，
the story of the speck,
涟漪和通货膨胀。
the ripples, and inflation.
那么，这些涟漪就是我们创造的种子，我们敢于
These ripples, then, are the seeds of our creation, and we dared
猜测它们存在，
to guess that they exist,
从我们在一个小星球上的有利位置 138 亿年
from our vantage point here on a small planet 13.8 billion years
在创造的那一刻之后。
after the moment of creation.
然后，因为我们是科学家，
And then, because we're scientists,
我们决定将航♥天♥器发射到太空并捕获
we decided to launch a spacecraft out into space and capture
宇宙中最古老的光。
the oldest light in the universe.
我们看到我们的猜测是正确的。
And we saw that our guess was correct.
我们敢于想象黎明前的时光，我们证明了
We dared to imagine a time before the dawn, and we proved
我们的创世故事不是神话。
that our creation story is not a myth.
所以这里是创作的故事......
So here is the creation story...
..正如科学所说。
..as told by science.
一开始是一片能量的海洋
In the beginning, there was an ocean of energy
这推动了空间的快速扩张，称为通货膨胀。
that drove a rapid expansion of space, known as inflation.
海面上泛起了涟漪。
There were ripples in the ocean.
随着通货膨胀的结束，
As inflation ended,
能量的海洋变成了物质……
the ocean of energy was converted into matter...
..由大爆♥炸♥。
..by the Big Bang.
涟漪的图案被烙印在我们的宇宙中，
And the pattern of the ripples was imprinted into our universe,
作为氢和氦中密度略有不同的区域
as regions of slightly different density in the hydrogen and helium
大爆♥炸♥后不久形成的气体。
gas that formed shortly after the Big Bang.
气体密度较大的区域坍塌了……
The denser regions of gas collapsed...
..形成第一颗星...
..to form the first stars...
..和第一个星系。
..and the first galaxies.
九十亿年后……
And nine billion years later...
..一颗新星形成，
..a new star formed,
在银河系。
in the Milky Way.
太阳。
The sun.
这颗恒星由八颗行星连接...
The star was joined by eight planets...
..包括...
..including...
..地球。
..Earth.
在这一切开始后将近 138 亿年，我们出现了……
And nearly 13.8 billion years after it all began, we emerged...
..闪烁，入光。
..blinking, into the light.
看到地球的真实面貌，小而蓝，美丽
To see the Earth as it truly is, small and blue and beautiful
在它漂浮的永恒寂静中，是看到我们自己
in that eternal silence where it floats, is to see ourselves
一起作为地球上的骑手，那明亮可爱的兄弟
as riders on the Earth together, brothers on that bright loveliness
在永恒的寒冷中。
in the eternal cold.
现在知道自己是真正的兄弟的兄弟。
Brothers who know now they are truly brothers.
我们都有惊奇的时刻。
We all have moments of wonder.
我们都做梦。
We all dream.
我们的思绪自♥由♥飘荡，翱翔于地球之上
Our thoughts float free, soaring across the Earth and out
进入星光罩。
into a canopy of stars.
在我们最沉思的时刻，
In our most reflective moments,
我想我们都明白虽然我们很小，
I think we all understand that small though we are,
我们与宇宙相连。
we are connected to the universe.
我们是简单原子的集♥合♥。
We are collections of simple atoms.
但是原子排列得非常好。
But atoms arranged remarkably.
带着探索宇宙和理解宇宙的冲动。
With the urge to explore the universe and to comprehend it.
并在这个伟大的宇宙传奇中庆祝我们自己的位置。
And celebrate our own place in this great cosmic saga.
如果我们追溯那个传奇，它就会带我们去朝圣。
And if we follow that saga back, it takes us on a pilgrimage.
到黎明前的某个时间...
To a time before the dawn...
..以及存在的奇怪涟漪
..and to strange ripples that existed
在我们自己之前的宇宙中。
in a universe before our own.
我想我们都必须想知道这一切的意义。
I think we all must wonder about the meaning of it all.
成为人类意味着什么？
What does it mean to be human?
我们为什么存在？
Why do we exist?
为什么任何东西都存在？
Why does anything exist at all?
这些听起来不像科学问题。
These do not sound like scientific questions.
它们听起来像是哲学或神学的问题。
They sound like questions for philosophy, or theology, even.
但我认为它们是科学问题，因为它们是问题
But I think they are scientific questions because they're questions
关于自然，它们是关于宇宙的问题。 和方式
about nature, they're questions about the universe. And the way
了解宇宙就是观察它。
to understand the universe is to observe it.
我的意思是，我们在最古老的光中看到了涟漪
I mean, we've seen ripples in the most ancient light
在宇宙中，由大爆♥炸♥之前发生的事件决定。
in the universe, laid down by events that happened before the Big Bang.
我们已经看到数十亿个星系以巨大的形式划过天空
We've seen billions of galaxies written across the sky in a giant
宇宙网，我们已经看到数以千计的行星绕着遥远的地方运行
cosmic web, and we've seen thousands of planets orbiting around distant
星星，超乎想象的世界。
stars, worlds beyond imagination.
现在，对我来说，教训很清楚，
Now, the lesson, to me, is clear,
我们不会回答最深的问题
we won't answer the deepest questions
通过内向，通过向内看。
by being introverted, by looking inwards.
我们将通过将目光移到地平线上方并注视来回答他们
We will answer them by lifting our gaze above the horizon and looking
向外进入宇宙，
outwards into the universe,
超越星星。
beyond the stars.
我们曾经仰望天空，只看到问题。
We used to look to the sky and see only questions.
现在，我们开始看到答案。
Now, we're beginning to see answers.
哈勃是一个很特别的望远镜，有点像名人
Hubble is a very special telescope, it's kind of like the celebrity
望远镜，而且有一个很好的理由。
telescope, and for a really good reason.
这是我们第一次能够推出这样的
It was the first time that we were able to launch such
一个强大的大型光学望远镜进入太空。
a powerful, large optical telescope into space.
地球的大气层有点模糊了我们的许多图像。
The Earth's atmosphere kind of blurs out lots of our images.
所以通过把望远镜放在太空中，我们得到了这些精确的，
And so by putting the telescope in space, we get these precise,
我们宇宙的水晶般清晰的图像。
crystal-clear images of our universe.
三、二、一和升空
Three, two, one and liftoff of the
发现号♥航♥天♥飞机，使用哈勃太空望远镜。
Space Shuttle Discovery, with the Hubble Space Telescope.
我们的宇宙之窗。
Our window on the universe.
航♥天♥飞机起飞时的感觉，
The feeling that you get when the space shuttle takes off,
只有那种，声音和振动。
there's just the sort of, the sound and the vibrations.
这简直令人难以置信。
It's just incredibly awe-inspiring.
火箭助推器已经完成了他们的工作。
The rocket boosters have done their job.
走吧，查理。
Go ahead, Charlie.
我们有一个释放的机会，我们会迟到一分钟。
We have a go for release, and we're going to be a minute late.
我们都坐在座位的边缘，等待
We were all sort of sitting on the edge of our seats, waiting
哈勃向我们展示的第一张照片
for the very first images where Hubble is showing us
它可以在宇宙中看到什么。
what it can see in the universe.
这变成了出乎意料的漫长等待。
And that turned into an unexpectedly long wait.
工程师发现巨型望远镜有一个
Engineers have discovered that the giant telescope has a
扭曲的镜子，这意味着
warped mirror, which means the
发送回 NASA 的图像失真。
images sent back to NASA are distorted.
我们有这个非常非常精确的设计镜子，但它
We had this very, very precisely engineered mirror, but it
被非常精确地设计成错误的形状。
had been very precisely engineered to the wrong shape.