宇宙（2021）

嘶嘶声继续
HISSING CONTINUES
射电望远镜正在探测氢的微弱信♥号♥♥
The radio telescope is detecting the faint signal of hydrogen
来自整个银河系。
from across the galaxy.
整个银河系都发现了氢，
Hydrogen is found throughout the Milky Way,
有时以高耸的云彩形式出现，高数光年。
sometimes in the form of towering clouds, light years high.
这些地区都是明星工厂，
These regions are star factories,
稠密的氢气云在重力作用下坍塌……
where the dense clouds of hydrogen gas collapse under gravity...
..打造新星。
..to forge new stars.
氢原子辐射无线电波
Hydrogen atoms radiate radio waves
在一个非常特殊的波长，21 厘米。
at a very particular wavelength, 21 centimetres.
就在我说话的时候，辐射正在被捕获
And as I speak, that radiation is being captured
那个射电望远镜。
by that radio telescope.
想象一下 - 那边有原子，然后那边，
Imagine - there are atoms over there, and by over there,
我的意思是，什么，几千，几万光年远。
I mean, what, thousands, tens of thousands of light years away.
在某些时候，方式，方式回到过去，
At some point, way, way back in the past,
辐射出来了，
out came the radiation,
我们可以听听。
and we can listen to it.
所以我们正在聆听银河系的命脉。
So we're listening to the lifeblood of our galaxy.
当射手座矮人穿越银河系时，
As Sagittarius Dwarf passed through the Milky Way,
它带来了新鲜的气体和新鲜的能量。
it brought fresh gas AND fresh energy.
撞击在银河系中引起了涟漪……
The impact sent ripples across the Milky Way...
..引发另一个壮观的恒星形成时代。
..triggering another spectacular era of star formation.
而在银河系的外♥围♥……
And in the outer regions of the galaxy...
..我们自己的明星诞生了。
..our own star was born.
地球很快就加入了太阳……
The sun was soon joined by the Earth...
..并在一起，
..and together,
他们踏上了穿越银河的旅程。
they set out on their journey through the galaxy.
我们出生在银河系...
We were born in the Milky Way...
..但我们可能是在碰撞中受孕的。
..but we may have been conceived in a collision.
现在，我们不能肯定地说碰撞
Now, we can't say for certain that the collision
与人马座矮人导致了我们太阳的形成。
with Sagittarius Dwarf caused the formation of our sun.
日期不够精确
The date is not precise enough
而我们对此的理解还不够深入。
and our understanding is not deep enough for that.
但我们可以说的是，太阳的诞生恰逢其时
But what we can say is that the birth of the sun coincided
随着银河系中恒星形成率的提高
with enhanced rates of star formation in the Milky Way
那次碰撞造成的。
caused by that collision.
但这还不是故事的结局，
But that's not quite the end of the story,
因为在非常真实的意义上，碰撞仍在进行中。
because in a very real sense, the collision is still under way.
射手座矮人的遗骸
The remains of Sagittarius Dwarf
仍在银河系边缘运行。
are still orbiting on the fringes of the Milky Way.
在过去的五十亿年里，
Over the last five billion years,
银河系又两次越过我们的道路......
the galaxy has crossed our path two more times...
..每一次互动都触发了新一代明星的诞生。
..each interaction triggering a new generation of star birth.
在我们银河系的旋臂内有一束新鲜的光。
A fresh sprinkling of light inside our galaxy's spiral arms.
银河系创造杰作的最后润色。
The finishing touches on a masterpiece of galactic creation.
诗人约翰·多恩有句名言：
The poet John Donne famously wrote,
“没有人是一座孤岛，
"No man is an island entire of itself,
“每个人都是大♥陆♥的一部分，大♥陆♥的一部分，”
"every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main,"
他的意思是没有人可以孤立自己
by which he meant that no human being can isolate themselves
来自其他人类因为起源和我们的命运
from the rest of humanity because origins and our fates
交织得那么深，
are so deeply intertwined,
因此，我们必须彼此深切关心。
and therefore we must care deeply for each other.
星系也是如此。
And the same is true for galaxies.
没有一个星系是一个完整的岛屿，
No galaxy is an island entire of itself,
银河系的历史可以追溯到
and the history of the Milky Way stretches back
130 亿年或更久。
13 billion years or more.
这几乎是整个宇宙的历史，
That's pretty much for the entire history of the universe,
它的故事是一个碰撞和互动的故事
and its story is a story of collisions and interactions
在河流的星系和星星的流淌之间
between galaxies of rivers and flows and streams of stars
激起虚空并引发像我们这样的世界的形成。
stirring up the void and triggering the formation of worlds like ours.
你我每个人都可以追溯到我们的起源
You, me, everyone can trace our origins back
到星系之间的碰撞。
to a collision between galaxies.
你可能很小，但你是大事件的结果。
You may be small, but you are a consequence of grand events.
而那些盛大的事件并没有停止。
And those grand events haven't stopped.
感觉就像是因为我们没有感知事件
It just feels like it because we don't perceive events
在数十亿年的时间里，涉及数十亿颗恒星。
that play out over billions of years involving billions of stars.
但历史上这段时间的独特之处在于我们可以说话
But the unique thing about this time in history is that we can speak
有一些信心，不仅关于我们银河系的过去，而且
with some confidence, not only about our galaxy's past, but also
关于我们银河系的未来。
about our galaxy's future.
就像那些巨大的星岛一样无情
And just as inexorably as those great islands of stars
穿越宇宙，变化将再次来临。
drift through the universe, change will come again.
我们以全新的认识迈向未来
We move into the future with a new understanding of our place
在银河系。
in the galaxy.
我们是一个小星球的居民
We are inhabitants of a small planet
绕着一颗普通的恒星运行，
orbiting around an ordinary star,
发生了不寻常的事情。
where something extraordinary has happened.
但是尽管银河系创造了我们，但它并不是为我们而造的。
But although the galaxy made us, it wasn't made FOR us.
我们是其历史的偶然副产品。
We are accidental by-products of its history.
我们将成为其持续演变的被动见证者。
And we will be passive witnesses to its ongoing evolution.
银河系是伟大的幸存者，
The Milky Way is the great survivor,
它动荡的历史的回声是字面上的
and the echoes of its turbulent history are literally
写在天边。 在那里，在西南，
written across the sky. Over there, in the southwest,
人马座矮人的残骸，那次碰撞的碎片
the remnants of Sagittarius Dwarf, the debris from that collision
仍在银河边缘的某个地方徘徊。
is still wandering around somewhere on the fringes of the Milky Way.
在那个方向，随着天狼星从东方升起
And in that direction, as Sirius rises in the east
在大犬座，
in the constellation of Canis Major,
还有另一个矮星系的遗迹
there are the remains of another dwarf galaxy
我们认为很久以前就与我们发生了冲突。
that we think collided with us long ago.
所以银河系几乎吞噬了进入这个区域的任何东西
So the Milky Way pretty much devours anything that comes into this region
空间，因为它是附近最大的星系......
of space because it's the largest galaxy in the neighbourhood...
..除了一个。
..except for one.
本地星系团是另一个星系的家园，其大小可与我们相媲美。
The local group is home to another galaxy that rivals our own in size.
隐藏在视线中的银河系。
The galaxy that's been hiding in plain sight.
就在上面，
Right up there,
就在仙后座的星座之间
just between the constellations of Cassiopeia
和飞马座广场，
and the square of Pegasus,
是天空中微弱的雾状光斑，
is a faint misty patch of light in the sky,
大约是满月直径的两倍，
about twice the diameter of a full moon,
所以你当然可以用双筒望远镜看到它。
so you can certainly see it with binoculars.
即使在城市里，我也可以拍下它
And even in the city, I can take a photograph of it
用这样的相机。
with the camera like this.
就在那里！
And there it is!
这个物体就是仙女座星系。
That object is the Andromeda Galaxy.
你会看到它是一个螺旋形状。
And you see that it's a spiral shape.
你甚至可以在这张照片中看到它。
You can see it even in this photograph.
在许多方面，仙女座是我们的双胞胎。
In many ways, Andromeda is our twin.
这是我们已经能够以令人难以置信的细节探索的双胞胎。
And it's a twin that we've been able to explore in incredible detail.
三二一。
Three, two, one.
以及亚特兰蒂斯号♥航♥天♥飞机的升空
And liftoff of space shuttle Atlantis
在最后一次访问以增强哈勃的视野......
on a final visit to enhance the vision of Hubble...
..进入我们宇宙的最深处。
..into the deepest grandeur of our universe.
等待 SRB 分离。
Standing by for SRB separation.
哈勃太空望远镜
The Hubble Space Telescope
已进入运营的第四个十年。
is in its fourth decade of operation.
它正在进行的任务为我们提供了一些最详细的图像
Its ongoing mission has given us some of the most detailed images
从未见过的宇宙。
of the universe ever seen.
多年来，哈勃经常
Over the years, Hubble has frequently
把注意力转向仙女座……
turned its attention to Andromeda...
..250 万光年距离地球。
..2.5 million light years from Earth.
它被映射为类似于银河系的螺旋结构......
It's mapped a spiral structure similar to that of the Milky Way...
..以我们能够计算的如此精细的精度
..with such fine precision that we've been able to calculate
不仅是仙女座恒星的运动，
not only the motion of Andromeda stars,
还有星系本身的运动。
but also the motion of the galaxy itself.
我们现在知道整个星系都在朝着我们前进。
And we now know that the entire galaxy is heading towards us.
那是每小时超过 400,000 公里。
That's over 400,000 kilometres per hour.
现在，您可能会想，还有一次碰撞是什么？
Now, you may think, well, what's one more collision?
我的意思是，银河系在所有这些碰撞中幸存下来
I mean, the Milky Way has survived all these collisions
几乎整个宇宙的历史。
for pretty much the entire history of the universe.
嗯，这个会有所不同，因为仙女座比我们大。
Well, this one will be different because Andromeda is bigger than us.
正如我们今天所知，银河系不会不朽。
The Milky Way, as we know it today, will not be immortal.