史前星球（2022）

（大卫爱登堡主持）
恐龙毫无疑问是曾经存在过的最了不起
Surely, one of the most remarkable animals that has ever existed,
也绝对是最著名的动物之一
and certainly one of the most famous, is a dinosaur.
霸王龙
Tyrannosaurus rex.
这是一种能够激发 我们所有人想象力的动物
An animal to spark the imagination for all of us.
恐龙是一种什么样的动物
What kind of an animal was it?
它长什么样 如何生活
What did it look like? How did it live?
现在 科学研究 已经给出了这些问题的答案
Now, scientific research has answered such questions.
不仅仅是霸王龙
And not just about T. rex,
还有和它生活在同一时期的其他物种
but the other species that lived alongside it.
而最新的成像技术 能够把它们活灵活现地展现在我们面前
And the latest imaging technology enables us to bring them all to life.
这是六千六百万年前的地球
Planet Earth, 66 million years ago.
天空中遍布飞翔的巨兽
The skies are filled with flying giants.
海洋深处游弋着巨大的爬行动物
In the seas, monstrous reptiles patrol the depths.
陆地上的各种恐龙
And on land, dinosaurs of every kind,
都面临着生存的威胁
all facing the struggle to survive.
如今 我们对那个 曾被恐龙统治的世界已知之甚多
We now know so much about a world that was ruled by the dinosaurs.
这就是它们的故事
This is their story.
《冰封世界》
生命最艰难的状态
Life is at its harshest
处于地球的极北和极南地区
in the far north and south of planet Earth.
然而 恐龙成功地占据了这些极地地区
Dinosaurs, however, have managed to colonize these polar regions.
在美洲的极北地区 这只体型娇小的猎手驰龙
In the far north of America, this tiny hunter, a dromaeosaur,
在几乎完全黑暗的环境中 成功生存了三个月
has managed to survive three months of near-total darkness.
而现在 春天终于来了
And now, at last, spring has come.
它有一层羽毛外皮
She has a coat of feathers,
这是由于它能在体内产生热量
for she's able to generate heat in her body
并需要尽可能地保持体温
and needs to retain all she can.
这也是所有生活在 寒冷纬度的恐龙所面临的挑战
A challenge for all dinosaurs in these cold latitudes.
它快步走在雪地上
As she moves quickly over the surface of the snow,
检查过去那些曾找到过食物的地方
she checks on the places where she has found food in the past.
在这个冰冷世界里 再小的机会都不容忽视
In this icy world, no opportunity is too small to be ignored.
一如既往 若想获得成功
And to succeed, as usual,
需要很好的时机
you need good… timing.
虽然地球历史上的这个时期中
Although at this time in Earth's history,
极地地区相对温暖
the polar regions are relatively warm,
尽管如此 这片土地 仍被极端的季节变化所主宰
these lands are, nonetheless, ruled by extreme seasonal change.
当太阳近三个月来第一次升起的时候
When the sun rises for the first time in almost three months,
所有动物都必须做好准备 充分利用白天的时间
every animal must be ready to make the most of the daylight
以及即将到来的温暖日子
and the warmer days that are to come.
小驰龙必须齐心协力
The little dromaeosaurs must work together,
才能捕食大型猎物
if they are to take on big prey.
它们终于等到了这个季节的 第一个捕猎机会
And here comes their first chance of the season.
来了一群鸭嘴龙
A herd of hadrosaurs.
这些鸭嘴龙每年都会经过这里
These duck-billed dinosaurs pass through here every year.
它们就像一个游牧群体 四处寻找春天带来的新鲜植被
Nomads in search of the fresh vegetation brought by the spring.
它们体型庞大
They're huge.
驰龙只有靠团队合作 才有机会捕食这些鸭嘴龙
The only chance the dromaeosaurs will have is to work as a team.
鸭嘴龙群必须渡过前方的河流
There's a river ahead, which the herd will have to cross.
驰龙知道有些鸭嘴龙肯定会失败
And the dromaeosaurs know that some never make it.
随着寒冬渐渐远去 融化的冰雪开始汇聚成汹涌的水流
As winter slackens its grip, meltwater begins to flow with great power.
鸭嘴龙群必须在这湍急的深水中跋涉
The herd must wade through this deep, fast-flowing water.
它们的首领试图选择一条 最安全的横渡路径
The leaders try to select the safest crossing.
其他的鸭嘴龙小心翼翼地跟随其后
The herd follow cautiously.
幼崽们寸步不离地跟着父母
Young keep close to their parents.
在这里 一步之错都可能会丢掉性命
Putting a foot wrong here could cost them their life.
在等待横渡的过程中 成年鸭嘴龙愈发紧张起来
The adults, awaiting their turn, grow nervous.
这个瓶颈给了驰龙一个机会
And this bottleneck gives the dromaeosaurs a chance.
它们的目标是幼崽们
Their target will be the young.
恐慌开始在鸭嘴龙群中蔓延
Panic begins to spread through the herd.
本该井然有序的横渡变得一片混乱
What should have been an orderly crossing turns to chaos.
幼崽和父母们走散了
Parents and young are separated.
幸免于难
A lucky escape.
鸭嘴龙群重新集结 继续上路
The column re-forms and continues its journey.
驰龙似乎错过了机会
The dromaeosaurs seem to have missed their chance…
但这条河帮了它们的忙
but the river has done their work for them.
横渡过程总会有伤亡
There are always casualties.
这顿盛宴比这些猎手们 整个冬天吃掉的食物还多
It's a feast. And more food than these hunters have had all winter.
在这个冰雪世界中 季节性机会就像昙花一现
In the ice world, seasonal opportunity is brief.
春天很短暂 夏天转瞬即逝
Spring is short, and summer will soon be over.
再次面对冬天带来的挑战前 要先完成很多事情
There's a lot to be done before the challenges of winter return.
在河流下游 河道变宽 河水开始减速
Downstream, as the rivers broaden and begin to slow,
大量淤泥沉积下来
they start to drop their loads of silt,
一个岛屿构成的网络出现了
and a network of islands appears.
一些动物已经抓住了这一时机
Some animals have already seized the moment
聚集在一起举♥行♥迎接春天的仪式
to assemble for the spring rituals.
春天终于真正到来了
Spring, at last, has truly arrived.
几十只雄性似鸟龙正在为
Dozens of male Ornithomimus are preparing
它们一年中最重要的时刻做准备
for the most important moment of their year.
这些外形奇怪 像鸵鸟一样的恐龙 选择在这些安全的岛屿上
These strange ostrich-like dinosaurs choose the safety of these islands
刨出一个个浅坑 这是它们筑巢的第一步
to scrape out shallow craters, the first stage in making a nest.
当雌性到来时
When the females arrive,
它们会选择做出最棒窝巢的雄性进行交♥配♥
they will choose to mate with the males who've made the best one.
来晚了的话 你会发现 这里已经没什么空间了
Late arrivals find that space is already in short supply.
只有岛的边缘地带还有点空地
The only space left is on the island's margin.
而找个地方筑巢仅仅是个开始
And finding a place to nest is only just the start.
雌性下完蛋时
When eggs are eventually laid,
必须有植被来给蛋保暖
they will need to be kept warm in a bed of vegetation.
要想找到足够的筑巢材料可不是件容易事
Finding enough nesting material is not easy…
因此一些似鸟龙采用偷窃手段来解决问题
which is why some Ornithomimus resort to thievery.
迟到的一个好处是
One advantage of arriving late
邻居们已经完成了辛苦的工作
is that your neighbors have already done the hard work.
没被看守的空巢诱惑力太大了
An unguarded nest is too much of a temptation.
在这样一个群落里 偷窃是如此常见
In colonies like this, thievery can be so common
以至于某些筑巢材料曾经是
that some nesting material, at one time or another,
岛上几乎每个巢穴的一部分
will have been part of almost every nest on the island.
但偷窃也是有风险的
But robbery is risky.
被抓现行
Caught in the act.
一对鸭嘴龙路经此地
A couple of hadrosaurs wander by.
它们会吃多叶的树枝
They will eat leafy branches.
因此 似鸟龙必须有保卫家园的能力
So, you have to be able to defend your property.
练成完美筑巢技能要花上几年的时间
It can take several years to perfect nest-building skills.
但成功并不仅仅依赖于经验
But success doesn't only rely on experience.
在拥挤的群落中 总会有另一个潜在受害者
In a crowded colony, there's always another potential victim.
对于似鸟龙来说 这些河流形成的岛屿
For Ornithomimus, these river islands will provide sanctuary
将是它们的蛋和幼崽们的庇护所
for both the eggs and the young when they hatch.
再往北去 温度变得更低 条件也更恶劣
Further north, temperatures are lower and conditions are tougher.
而那里正是这些 巨大的凤头鸭嘴龙要去的地方
Yet that's where these enormous crested hadrosaurs are heading
它们要充分利用一个特别的地点
to take advantage of one site in particular.
那里有它们所需要的特殊条件
One that has something special to offer.
这些恐龙的长脖子特别优雅
The long necks of these dinosaurs are particularly elegant
它们也因此得名
and give them their name.
扇冠大天鹅龙 意即“巨大的天鹅”
Olorotitan, "Giant Swan."
它们的叫声会被中空的头冠所放大
Their calls are amplified by their head crests, which are hollow.
它们正前往世界上最大的火山地区之一
They're heading for one of the world's largest volcanic regions.
那是一个条件恶劣 充满危险的地方
It's a dangerous and hostile place.
但年复一年 扇冠大天鹅龙都会回去
But the Olorotitans return to it, year after year…
因为火山能使地面保持温热
because the volcanoes keep the ground particularly well-heated.
因此 它们将在这里筑巢
So, this is where they nest.
温暖的火山沙成为了它们蛋的孵化器
The warm volcanic sand serves as an incubator for their eggs.
恐龙群到来几周后 蛋就孵化了
And a few weeks after the arrival of the herd, the eggs hatch.
鸭嘴龙小心翼翼地照顾自己的幼崽
Hadrosaurs look after their young with care.
它们带回来许多植物喂给幼崽
They bring mouthfuls of plants for them to eat.
每个窝巢可以容纳20多只幼崽
Each nest may contain over 20 youngsters.
宝宝们出生时正值短暂却物资丰富的夏季
The babies have arrived at a time of brief but rich summer plenty.
持续数周不落山的太阳提供了能量
Fueled by a sun that for weeks never sets,
让这里的马尾草迅速生长
horsetails here grow fast
数量足够养活整个鸭嘴龙群
and in sufficient numbers to feed the whole herd.
这些植物比最茂盛的草营养更为丰富
These plants contain more nutrients than the lushest grass.
在日照时间很长的夏日里 鸭嘴龙宝宝飞速成长
And in the long summer days, the hadrosaur babies grow quickly.
它们一岁时就能长到成年体型的一半大小